北京市典型奶牛舍春季温热环境和空气质量的研究

发布时间：2018-10-08 09:47

【摘要】：旨在了解北京市典型奶牛舍春季温热环境及空气质量状况,为奶牛正常健康生产提供环境依据。试验分别测定了奶牛场泌乳牛舍不同时间段(8:00~9:30、10:00~11:30、14:00~15:30、16:00~17:30、18:00~19:30)不同位置(向阳面、向阴面、饲喂通道)的温热环境和空气质量。结果表明:在测定的5个时间段内,泌乳牛舍内的温度呈规律性变动,先升高后降低(P0.01);相对湿度先降低后升高(P0.01),而且温热指数(THI)有极显著差异(P0.01),但均小于达到热应激的指标(THI≥72);早上的风速低于其他时间段(P0.05);白天的辐射热高于早上晚上,但差异不显著(P0.05);PM浓度在早晚相对较低(P0.05);氨气浓度在16:00~17:30和18:00~19:30高于其他时间段(P0.01);二氧化碳浓度在18:00~19:30这个时间段明显高于其它时间段(P0.01)。舍外风速极显著(P0.01)大于舍内,舍内二氧化碳的浓度极显著(P0.01)高于舍外。牛舍内向阳面、向阴面、饲喂通道三个不同位置的氨气浓度、二氧化碳浓度差异极显著(P0.01)。向阴面氨气浓度大于其它两个位置;饲喂通道二氧化碳浓度大于其它两个位置。由此得出,北京市典型泌乳牛舍的春季温度、湿度较适合牛群生产;氨气和二氧化碳的浓度符合生产标准,对奶牛的影响较小。
[Abstract]:The aim of this study was to understand the warm environment and air quality of typical dairy cattle houses in Beijing in spring, and to provide the environmental basis for normal and healthy production of dairy cows. The warm heat environment and air quality of the dairy were measured at different time periods (8: 00, 9: 30: 10: 10: 11: 30: 14: 15: 15: 30, 16: 16, 17: 30: 18: 00, 1930). The results showed that the temperature of lactation cowshed changed regularly in 5 periods. The relative humidity (RH) decreased first and then increased (P0.01), and the temperature and heat index (THI) was significantly different (P0.01), but less than the index of heat stress (THI 鈮，

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