关中黑猪主要经济性状研究及不同营养水平日粮对其肥育性能的影响
发布时间：2018-10-20 19:11
【摘要】：关中黑猪作为陕西省的优良培育品种,具有耐粗饲、抗病力强和风味好等优良的特性,但多年未经系统选育,造成血统不纯,繁殖力下降等缺点。近年来,人们在追求高生长速度,高瘦肉率和低背膘厚的同时,造成猪肉品质不断下降。本试验旨在研究(1)关中黑猪目前的主要经济性状,繁殖性能和生长发育性能。(2)不同营养水平的日粮对关中黑猪生长性能、胴体性状、肉品质及肉品质相关基因表达等方面的影响,从而确定关中黑猪最适宜的营养水平。(3)关中黑猪酸肉基因和氟烷基因的检测,及时淘汰存在危害的猪群。进而为下一步培育关中黑猪新品系奠定基础,本试验研究结果如下:1、关中黑猪的繁殖性能:总产仔数9.94±2.11头,产活仔数9.40±2.23头,初生重1.13±0.64kg,初生窝重10.69±3.59kg,20日龄窝重31.06±10.05kg,断奶重8.24±1.40kg,断奶窝重64.30±15.82kg。2、关中黑猪生长性状:2月龄体重15.79±3.21kg,4月龄体重44.92±3.74kg,6月龄体重75.14±6.00kg,4月龄体高44.99±2.05kg,体长84.74±2.20cm,腿臀围73.49±3.75cm,6月龄体高53.08±2.28cm,体长100.84±6.72cm,腿臀围79.87±2.18cm,背膘厚8.00±1.76mm。3、营养水平对关中黑猪育肥期生长性状的影响:4组猪群的初始体重并没有显著性的差异,对整个育肥期而言,第3组的育肥结束体重比第4组高5.88kg,差异极显著(P0.01),第1组的平均日增重比第4组高54.96g/d,差异显著(P0.05),第1组与第3组差异不显著(P0.05),第1组的料重比比第4组低0.06,差异显著(P0.05),第1组与第3组差异不显著(P0.05)。4、营养水平对关中黑猪胴体品质的影响:第1组与第4组相比,屠宰率增加了3.11%,差异显著(P0.05),第1组与第3组差异不显著(P0.05)。5、营养水平对关中黑猪肉质的影响:营养水平对猪肉色评分,大理石纹评分,p H无显著影响。第1组与第4组相比,熟肉率增加了9.58%,差异显著(P0.05)。第1组与第3组差异不显著(P0.05),第3组的必需氨基酸含量与第2组和第4组相比分别增加了1.80%,1.89%,差异极显著(P0.01),与第1组相比,增加了1.27%,差异显著(P0.05),第3组的鲜味氨基酸含量与第4组相比增加了1.2%,差异显著(P0.05)。6、营养水平对关中黑猪背最长肌中My HC基因表达量的影响:第3组和第4组的My HCIIx的含量显著低于第1组(P0.05)。7、氟烷基因杂合子的基因型频率为7.69%,HALN的频率为96.15%,HALn的频率为3.85%。8、酸肉基因杂合子的基因型频率高达42.31%,RN--的频率为21.15%,rn+的频率为78.85%。综上所述,关中黑猪繁殖性能差,生长速度缓慢;该厂关中黑猪群体内含有一定程度的酸肉基因突变,氟烷基因存在潜在的危害,需及时淘汰存在危害的猪群,保证猪群的健康;关中黑猪饲喂第3组营养水平的日粮,可以获得较好的生长性能,较优的肉质性状,饲喂效果最优。
[Abstract]:Guanzhong Black Pig, as an excellent breed in Shaanxi Province, has the advantages of high tolerance to coarse feeding, strong disease resistance and good flavor, but it has not been systematically bred for many years, resulting in impure lineage and decreased fecundity. In recent years, high growth rate, high lean meat rate and low backfat thickness have resulted in the decline of pork quality. The purpose of this experiment was to study the main economic traits, reproductive performance and growth and development performance of Guanzhong Black Pig at present. (2) the growth performance and carcass traits of Guanzhong Black Pig with different nutrient levels were studied. The effect of meat quality and the expression of genes related to meat quality, so as to determine the most suitable nutritional level of Guanzhong Black Pig. (3) Detection of acid meat gene and halothane gene in Guanzhong Black Pig, and timely elimination of harmful pigs. The results are as follows: 1. The reproductive performance of Guanzhong black pigs: total litter size 9.94 卤2.11, live litter 9.40 卤2.23; 鍒濈敓閲，
本文编号：2284117
[Abstract]:Guanzhong Black Pig, as an excellent breed in Shaanxi Province, has the advantages of high tolerance to coarse feeding, strong disease resistance and good flavor, but it has not been systematically bred for many years, resulting in impure lineage and decreased fecundity. In recent years, high growth rate, high lean meat rate and low backfat thickness have resulted in the decline of pork quality. The purpose of this experiment was to study the main economic traits, reproductive performance and growth and development performance of Guanzhong Black Pig at present. (2) the growth performance and carcass traits of Guanzhong Black Pig with different nutrient levels were studied. The effect of meat quality and the expression of genes related to meat quality, so as to determine the most suitable nutritional level of Guanzhong Black Pig. (3) Detection of acid meat gene and halothane gene in Guanzhong Black Pig, and timely elimination of harmful pigs. The results are as follows: 1. The reproductive performance of Guanzhong black pigs: total litter size 9.94 卤2.11, live litter 9.40 卤2.23; 鍒濈敓閲，
本文编号：2284117
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