湖羊肌肉营养特点及肌纤维组织学特性

发布时间：2018-10-31 17:48

【摘要】：为了研究湖羊肌肉营养特点及肌纤维组织学特性,分别测定了不同年龄(初生、断奶、成年)湖羊肌肉中常规营养成分(水分、粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷)、18种氨基酸的含量以及不同年龄湖羊不同部位肌肉(臂三头肌、股二头肌、背最长肌)的肌纤维组织学特性(肌纤维直径、肌纤维密度)。结果表明:随着年龄的增长,肌肉中水分含量显著降低(P0.05),粗脂肪、粗蛋白质、粗灰分、钙和磷的含量逐渐增加,且成年羊与初生羔羊和断奶羔羊之间差异显著(P0.05)。湖羊肌肉中苏氨酸、缬氨酸、蛋氨酸、异亮氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、赖氨酸、组氨酸和精氨酸的含量随着年龄的增长而显著增加(P0.05),非必需氨基酸含量随着年龄的增长大致呈增加趋势。在湖羊肌肉的所有氨基酸中含量最高的是谷氨酸,其次是天冬氨酸。不同年龄湖羊的肌纤维直径均表现为背最长肌股二头肌臂三头肌,肌纤维密度均表现为背最长肌股二头肌臂三头肌,且同龄湖羊3个部位之间的肌纤维密度均差异显著(P0.05)。相同部位的肌肉,其肌纤维直径随年龄的增长而增大,肌纤维密度随年龄的增长而减小,且不同年龄间差异显著(初生羔羊与断奶羔羊的臂三头肌除外)(P0.05)。综上可知,湖羊肌肉营养丰富,氨基酸种类齐全,肌纤维组织学特性在不同年龄和不同部位间存在差异,断奶羔羊肉营养更丰富,更具香、嫩等特点。
[Abstract]:In order to study the characteristics of muscle nutrition and muscle fiber histology of Hu sheep, the routine nutritional components (water, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus) in muscle of Hu sheep at different ages (newborn, weaning, adult) were determined. The content of 18 kinds of amino acids and the histological characteristics of muscle fiber (diameter of muscle fiber, density of muscle fiber) in different parts of Hu sheep (triceps arm muscle, biceps femoris muscle, longissimus dorsi muscle) were studied. The results showed that the content of water in muscle decreased significantly with age (P0.05), and the contents of crude fat, crude protein, crude ash, calcium and phosphorus increased gradually. There were significant differences between adult sheep and newborn lambs and weaned lambs (P0.05). The contents of threonine, valine, methionine, isoleucine, phenylalanine, lysine, histidine and arginine in the muscle of Hu sheep increased significantly with age (P0.05). The content of non-essential amino acids increased with age. Of all the amino acids in the muscle of Hu sheep, glutamic acid was the highest, followed by aspartic acid. The muscle fiber diameters of Hu sheep of different ages were the triceps musculi brachialis longissimus dorsi muscularis femoris, and the density of muscle fibers were triceps muscularis longissimus dorsi femoris. There were significant differences in muscle fiber density among the three parts of Hu sheep of the same age (P0.05). The diameter of muscle fiber increased with age, and the density of muscle fiber decreased with age, and there were significant differences between different ages (except the triceps arm muscle of newborn lamb and weaning lamb) (P0.05). It can be seen that the muscle of Hu sheep is rich in nutrition, the kinds of amino acids are complete, the histological characteristics of muscle fiber are different among different ages and different parts, and the meat of weaning lamb is more nutritious, fragrant and tender.
【作者单位】：河南科技大学动物科技学院;河南省肉羊繁育工程技术研究中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(31472095) 国家科技部星火计划项目(2015GA750002) 国家现代农业(肉羊)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-39)
【分类号】：S826

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