华北农牧交错带不同放牧强度绵羊食性研究

发布时间：2018-11-02 09:12

【摘要】：为探讨华北农牧交错带放牧绵羊的食性与草原退化的关系,本文以河北省张家口市塞北管理区典型草原为研究对象,于2016年7-8月运用饱和链烷技术研究羊草群落不同放牧强度下绵羊食性变化。结果表明:随牧压的增大,群落中羊草(Leymus chinensis)、花苜蓿(Medicago ruthenica)和野韭(Allium ramosum)的数量减少,克氏针茅(Stipa krylovii)、冷蒿(Artemisia frigida)和马蔺(Iris ensata)的比例增加;绵羊采食的牧草种类和比例各存在一定的差异,但绵羊优先采食羊草、野韭和花苜蓿,其次为糙隐子草(Cleistogenes squarrosa)和冷蒿,绵羊不喜食克氏针茅和阿尔泰狗娃花(Heteropappus altaicus),拒食马蔺。因此,重度放牧改变了羊草群落的植被组成,优质牧草减少,群落演替为冷蒿、克氏针茅和杂类草群落,从而导致了草地的退化。
[Abstract]:In order to study the relationship between grazing sheep's feeding habits and grassland degradation in the farming-pastoral ecotone of North China, the typical steppe in Saibei management area of Zhangjiakou City, Hebei Province, was studied in this paper. Using saturated chain alkane technique in July and August 2016 to study the change of sheep's diet under different grazing intensities of Leymus chinensis community. The results showed that with the increase of grazing pressure, the number of alfalfa (Medicago ruthenica) and (Allium ramosum) of Leymus chinensis (Leymus chinensis), decreased, and the proportion of (Artemisia frigida) and (Iris ensata) of (Stipa krylovii), increased. There were some differences in the species and proportion of forage in sheep, but sheep preferred to eat Leymus chinensis, leek and alfalfa, followed by (Cleistogenes squarrosa) and Artemisia frigida, but sheep did not like to eat Stipa Kirschsoni and (Heteropappus altaicus),. Refuse to eat Iris. Therefore, heavy grazing changed the vegetation composition of Leymus chinensis community, decreased the quality forage, and the community succession was Artemisia frigida, Stipa krjabini and heterophyllodes, which resulted in the degradation of grassland.
【作者单位】：河北北方学院草地研究所;中国农业大学动物科技学院草业科学系;中国科学院青藏高原研究所高寒生态学和生物多样性实验室;
【基金】：河北省自然科学基金项目(C2014405042)资助
【分类号】：S812;S826

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