秸轩日粮条件下阴外动脉灌注乳脂和乳蛋白前体物对奶牛乳腺内短链脂肪酸摄取规律的影响
发布时间：2018-11-04 19:04
【摘要】：本试验以泌乳中期荷斯坦奶牛为研究对象,采用动静脉血插管技术研究了秸秆组奶牛灌注乳脂前体物和乳蛋白前体物对其产奶性能和乳品质的促进效果,并从乳腺对短链脂肪酸摄取规律的角度分析秸秆组与苜蓿组奶牛在产奶性能和乳品质方面存在差异的主要原因,为有效提高秸秆饲料的利用效率和改善乳品质奠定科学依据。本论文的试验研究包括两部分：试验一主要研究了阴外动脉灌注乳脂前体物对奶牛乳腺内短链脂肪酸摄取规律的影响,试验二主要研究了阴外动脉灌注乳蛋白前体物对奶牛乳腺内短链脂肪酸摄取规律的影响。试验一、试验二均采用2x2交叉试验设计,选择经产(2～3胎)、泌乳中期(99±11 d)、健康无病、体重相近、日产奶量为20.17士1.28kg的荷斯坦奶牛8头,随机将奶牛分为两组,每组各4头奶牛。两组奶牛饲喂不同的日粮,分别为苜蓿组(MF)和秸秆组(CS),试验分为两个阶段,每个阶段共20天,分别为日粮适应期(预饲期)14天,载体灌注期3天,正式灌注期3天。在试验一中,在载体灌注期,苜蓿组奶牛接受载体灌注(阳性对照组1),秸秆组奶牛也接受载体灌注(对照组)；在正式灌注期,苜蓿组奶牛继续接受载体灌注(阳性对照组2),秸秆组奶牛灌注乳脂前体物,第二阶段将两组动物互换。在试验二中,在正式灌注期,秸秆组的奶牛灌注乳蛋白前体物,其余同试验一。然后,分别采集试验奶牛的血样和乳样,测定血样中短链脂肪酸的浓度、比例、乳腺对其的摄取量以及奶牛的产奶性能。在本试验的条件下得出：(1)秸秆组奶牛灌注乳脂前体物前,产奶量、标准乳产量、乳脂肪和乳蛋白产量均显著低于苜蓿组(P0.05)；灌注乳脂前体物后可显著增加奶牛的乳脂率、产乳脂效率和乳蛋白率(P0.05),达到与苜蓿组相似的水平；灌注乳脂前体物可改善奶牛的产奶量、乳蛋白与乳脂肪产量,但仍然低于苜蓿组(P0.05)。(2)秸秆组奶牛阴外动脉灌注乳脂前体物可显著提高尾动脉血中乙酸、丙酸、丁酸以及总短链脂肪酸的浓度(P0.05)。(3)秸秆组奶牛阴外动脉灌注乳脂前体物对乳腺内乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、总短链脂肪酸的摄取量、摄取效率和动静脉差均无显著的影响(P0.05),但在数值上高于苜蓿组。(4)秸秆组奶牛阴外动脉灌注乳蛋白前体物可显著提高乳蛋白率(P0.05),对产奶量、标准乳产量、乳脂率与乳脂肪产量、乳蛋白产量有一定促进效果,但仍然低于苜蓿组(P0.05)。(5)秸秆组奶牛阴外动脉灌注乳蛋白前体物可趋于显著地提高乳静脉血中乙酸的浓度(P0.10),降低乳腺内乙酸的动静脉差(P0.05),缩小了秸秆组与苜蓿组奶牛在乳腺对乙酸的摄取量和摄取效率方面存在的差异。(6)阴外动脉灌注乳蛋白前体物对提高尾动脉血中乙酸/丙酸、(乙酸+丁酸)/丙酸有一定的促进效果。
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of milk fat precursor and protein precursor on milk yield and milk quality of Holstein cows in middle lactation period were studied by using arterial venous blood intubation technique. The main reasons for the difference in milk yield and milk quality between straw group and alfalfa group were analyzed from the point of view of breast intake of short chain fatty acid, which laid a scientific foundation for improving the utilization efficiency of straw feed and improving milk quality. The present study consists of two parts: the first part was to study the effect of external vaginal artery infusion of milk fat precursor on the intake of short-chain fatty acids in the mammary gland of dairy cows. In the second experiment, the effects of lactoprotein precursor perfused by external negative artery on the intake of short-chain fatty acids in mammary gland of dairy cows were studied. In experiment 1 and experiment 2, 8 Holstein cows were selected with 2x2 cross test design, and 8 Holstein cows with midlactation (99 卤11 d), healthy and disease-free (99 卤11 d), similar body weight and daily milk yield of 20.17 卤1.28kg. The cows were randomly divided into two groups with 4 cows in each group. The two groups of cows were fed different diets. The (CS), test of alfalfa group (MF) and straw group was divided into two stages, each stage was 20 days, which was 14 days of adaptation (prefeeding period) and 3 days of carrier perfusion. The formal perfusion period was 3 days. In experiment 1, during the period of carrier perfusion, alfalfa cows received carrier perfusion (positive control group 1), straw group cows also received carrier perfusion (control group). During the formal perfusion period, alfalfa cows continued to receive carrier perfusion (positive control group 2), straw group cows infused milk fat precursors, and the two groups were exchanged in the second stage. In the second experiment, during the formal perfusion period, the cows in the straw group perfused milk protein precursors, and the rest were the same as those in the first experiment. Then, blood samples and milk samples were collected, the concentration and proportion of short-chain fatty acids in blood samples, breast intake and milk yield were determined. Under the condition of this experiment: (1) the milk yield, standard milk yield, milk fat and milk protein production of straw group were significantly lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05); The milk fat rate, milk fat efficiency and milk protein rate of dairy cows were significantly increased after infusion of milk fat precursor (P0.05), which reached the level similar to that of alfalfa group. The milk production, milk protein and milk fat production were improved by injecting milk fat precursor, but still lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05). (2). The milk precursor perfused by external vaginal artery in straw group could significantly increase acetic acid and propionic acid in caudal blood. The concentration of butyric acid and total short chain fatty acid (P0.05). (3) in the straw group, the intake of intramammary acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total short chain fatty acid in breast was measured by external vaginal artery infusion of milk fat precursor. There was no significant difference in uptake efficiency and arteriovenous difference (P0.05), but the value was higher than that in alfalfa group. (4) the milk protein rate was significantly increased in the straw group (P0.05), and the milk yield was significantly increased in the straw group. The standard milk yield, milk fat ratio, milk fat yield and milk protein yield have certain promoting effects. But it was still lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05). (5). The concentration of acetic acid in milk vein blood (P0. 10) and the arteriovenous difference of intramammary acetic acid (P0. 05) were decreased in the straw group (P05). The difference between straw group and alfalfa group in the intake and efficiency of acetic acid in mammary gland was reduced. (6) Transvaginal artery infusion of lactoprotein precursor increased acetic acid / propionic acid in caudal blood. (butyric acid acetate) / propionic acid has a certain promoting effect.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5
本文编号：2310862
[Abstract]:In this study, the effects of milk fat precursor and protein precursor on milk yield and milk quality of Holstein cows in middle lactation period were studied by using arterial venous blood intubation technique. The main reasons for the difference in milk yield and milk quality between straw group and alfalfa group were analyzed from the point of view of breast intake of short chain fatty acid, which laid a scientific foundation for improving the utilization efficiency of straw feed and improving milk quality. The present study consists of two parts: the first part was to study the effect of external vaginal artery infusion of milk fat precursor on the intake of short-chain fatty acids in the mammary gland of dairy cows. In the second experiment, the effects of lactoprotein precursor perfused by external negative artery on the intake of short-chain fatty acids in mammary gland of dairy cows were studied. In experiment 1 and experiment 2, 8 Holstein cows were selected with 2x2 cross test design, and 8 Holstein cows with midlactation (99 卤11 d), healthy and disease-free (99 卤11 d), similar body weight and daily milk yield of 20.17 卤1.28kg. The cows were randomly divided into two groups with 4 cows in each group. The two groups of cows were fed different diets. The (CS), test of alfalfa group (MF) and straw group was divided into two stages, each stage was 20 days, which was 14 days of adaptation (prefeeding period) and 3 days of carrier perfusion. The formal perfusion period was 3 days. In experiment 1, during the period of carrier perfusion, alfalfa cows received carrier perfusion (positive control group 1), straw group cows also received carrier perfusion (control group). During the formal perfusion period, alfalfa cows continued to receive carrier perfusion (positive control group 2), straw group cows infused milk fat precursors, and the two groups were exchanged in the second stage. In the second experiment, during the formal perfusion period, the cows in the straw group perfused milk protein precursors, and the rest were the same as those in the first experiment. Then, blood samples and milk samples were collected, the concentration and proportion of short-chain fatty acids in blood samples, breast intake and milk yield were determined. Under the condition of this experiment: (1) the milk yield, standard milk yield, milk fat and milk protein production of straw group were significantly lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05); The milk fat rate, milk fat efficiency and milk protein rate of dairy cows were significantly increased after infusion of milk fat precursor (P0.05), which reached the level similar to that of alfalfa group. The milk production, milk protein and milk fat production were improved by injecting milk fat precursor, but still lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05). (2). The milk precursor perfused by external vaginal artery in straw group could significantly increase acetic acid and propionic acid in caudal blood. The concentration of butyric acid and total short chain fatty acid (P0.05). (3) in the straw group, the intake of intramammary acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and total short chain fatty acid in breast was measured by external vaginal artery infusion of milk fat precursor. There was no significant difference in uptake efficiency and arteriovenous difference (P0.05), but the value was higher than that in alfalfa group. (4) the milk protein rate was significantly increased in the straw group (P0.05), and the milk yield was significantly increased in the straw group. The standard milk yield, milk fat ratio, milk fat yield and milk protein yield have certain promoting effects. But it was still lower than that of alfalfa group (P0.05). (5). The concentration of acetic acid in milk vein blood (P0. 10) and the arteriovenous difference of intramammary acetic acid (P0. 05) were decreased in the straw group (P05). The difference between straw group and alfalfa group in the intake and efficiency of acetic acid in mammary gland was reduced. (6) Transvaginal artery infusion of lactoprotein precursor increased acetic acid / propionic acid in caudal blood. (butyric acid acetate) / propionic acid has a certain promoting effect.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 孙满吉;卢德勋;王丽芳;李然;刘彩娟;;阴外动脉灌注乙酸钠对奶山羊乳腺营养物质摄取和利用的影响[J];动物营养学报;2009年06期
2 王吉峰,王加启;奶牛营养代谢对乳脂合成调控机制的研究进展[J];中国畜牧兽医;2003年02期
3 齐利枝;生冉;闫素梅;赵艳丽;;乙酸浓度对奶牛乳腺上皮细胞甘油三酯含量及瘦素和过氧化物酶增殖物激活受体γ基因表达量的影响[J];动物营养学报;2013年07期
4 邵广;苗树君;沈冰蕾;;奶牛乳脂降低综合症的研究进展[J];草食家畜;2008年04期
5 张吉濵;动物系统营养学的体系结构和科学特征[J];江西饲料;2002年05期
6 王加启;;牛奶乳脂肪和乳蛋白的合成与调控机理[J];饲料与畜牧;2011年02期
7 卜登攀;王加启;Dhiman TR;刘仕军;;植物油来源亚油酸和亚麻酸对乳脂CLA合成的影响[J];畜牧兽医学报;2007年07期
8 陈杰;崔用侠;伍一军;乔岩瑞;韩正康;林才诚;蒋伟清;;日粮中添加乙酸钠对高温季节奶牛产乳性能的影响[J];中国奶牛;1986年02期
9 哈尔阿力,姜之杰,邓效仪,王炳鑫,王晓华,邓江玲;双乙酸钠和乙酸钠对高产奶牛乳脂率的影响[J];中国奶牛;1997年02期
10 白鸽;许远靖;王冲;孙勇;陈灰;李心慰;王振全;邓清华;王建国;刘国文;周昌芳;;乙酸和β-羟丁酸对体外培养牛肝细胞脂代谢部分关键酶表达的影响[J];中国兽医学报;2012年06期
相关博士学位论文 前3条
1 王强;奶山羊阴外动脉内乳成分前体物理想平衡模式的研究[D];内蒙古农业大学;2010年
2 崔海;中短链及长链脂肪酸对奶牛乳脂肪合成限制性作用研究[D];甘肃农业大学;2011年
3 南雪梅;奶山羊乳腺物质代谢研究[D];东北农业大学;2010年
相关硕士学位论文 前4条
1 冯子琪;阴外动脉灌注葡萄糖对奶山羊乳腺摄取乳成分前体物的影响[D];内蒙古农业大学;2011年
2 王丽芳;奶牛日粮中添加整粒胡麻籽与棉籽对牛奶品质的影响[D];内蒙古农业大学;2005年
3 程光民;反刍家畜乳脂合成营养调控研究[D];山东农业大学;2005年
4 段斌;阴外动脉氨基酸平衡对奶山羊乳腺摄取乳成分前体物的影响[D];内蒙古农业大学;2010年
，本文编号：2310862
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/yixuelunwen/dongwuyixue/2310862.html
