慢性低氧时牦牛和迁饲黄牛颈动脉体组织形态的比较

发布时间：2018-11-05 19:19

【摘要】：目的对牦牛、迁饲黄牛及低海拔黄牛颈动脉体(CB)形态及CB中低氧相关因子的表达进行比较,探讨高原土生或迁饲动物CB适应慢性低氧的模式。方法采集青海地区海拔3000~4000m的9头牦牛、2500m的9头高山迁饲黄牛及甘肃平原海拔1300米的12头低海拔黄牛的CB,固定、切片、染色后行光学显微镜和电子显微镜比较观察,并对CB中低氧诱导因子-1α(HIF-1α)、一氧化氮合酶(NOS)、瘦素受体(LEPR)、促红细胞生成素(EPO)等低氧相关因子的表达进行免疫组织化学观察。结果相比黄牛,牦牛CB体积较小,不同海拔牦牛的CB大小、形态及主细胞数量差异无显著性,而迁饲黄牛CB体积较低海拔黄牛大。牦牛CB主细胞中明细胞、暗细胞和固缩细胞的数量百分比比例为67.1%∶28.2%∶4.7%,迁饲黄牛为78.5%∶18.6%∶2.9%,低海拔黄牛为87.3%∶10.2%∶2.5%;与低海拔黄牛相似,牦牛CB少部分明细胞胞质透亮,暗细胞胞核染色质较致密并呈粗颗粒状,而迁饲黄牛CB大部分明细胞胞质透亮,暗细胞胞核染色质致密,颗粒稀少。3种牛支持细胞形态差异无显著性。与低海拔黄牛相比,迁饲黄牛CB主细胞的少数核异染色质增多,个别形态异常,胞质内多数细胞器肿胀溶解,残留少量细胞器和致密核心囊泡。3种牛CB中均有不同程度的HIF-1a、NOS、LEPR、EPO的蛋白表达,其中牦牛CB中EPO蛋白表达阳性率较低海拔黄牛明显降低(P0.05)。结论海拔高度不是影响牦牛颈动脉体大小和主细胞数量的主要因素。迁饲黄牛CB主细胞中细胞类型的比例与牦牛有趋同性改变,但缺氧时行使功能的I型细胞功能系统受损,尚处于低氧环境下的习服阶段。慢性低氧可能主要影响牦牛和迁饲黄牛CB中EPO蛋白表达。
[Abstract]:Objective to compare the (CB) morphology of carotid artery body and the expression of hypoxia related factors in CB in yak, migrant cattle and low altitude cattle, and to explore the model of adaptation of CB to chronic hypoxia in native or migrating animals at high altitude. Methods the CB, fixation and section of 9 yaks (3000m), 2500m (9 alpine) fed yellow cattle and 12 low-altitude yellow cattle (1300 meters above sea level) in Qinghai province were collected, and then observed by optical microscope and electron microscope. The expression of hypoxia related factors such as hypoxia inducible factor-1 伪 (HIF-1 伪), (LEPR), leptin receptor (LEPR), leptin receptor of nitric oxide synthase (NOS),) and erythropoietin (EPO) (EPO) in CB were observed by immunohistochemistry. The results showed that the size of CB in yak was smaller than that in yellow cattle. There was no significant difference in the size, morphology and number of main cells of CB in yaks at different elevations, but the volume of CB in cattle was larger than that in low altitude cattle. The percentage of the number of bright cells, dark cells and pyknotic cells in the main cell of yak CB is 67.1%, and the percentage of the number of cells in the body of yak CB is 78.5: 18.6: 2.9. the percentage of the number of bright cells, dark cells and pyknotic cells in the main cells of yak is 67.1. Low altitude cattle for 87.3: 10. 2: 2. 5; Similar to the low altitude yellow cattle, the cytoplasm of a few bright cells in yak CB was clear, and the chromatin of dark cell nucleus was dense and coarse granular, while most of the bright cell cytoplasm and dark cell nuclear chromatin were dense in CB. There was no significant difference in morphology of Sertoli cells among the three cattle. Compared with the low altitude cattle, the number of heterochromatin in the main cells of CB was increased, the morphology of individual cells was abnormal, and most of the organelles in the cytoplasm were swollen and dissolved. A small amount of organelles and dense core vesicles were found in the three kinds of bovine CB. The positive rate of EPO protein expression in yak CB was significantly lower than that in low altitude cattle (P0.05). Conclusion altitude is not the main factor affecting the size of carotid artery and the number of main cells in yak. The proportion of cell types in the main cells of CB was similar to that of yaks, but the functional function of type I cells was damaged during hypoxia, which was still in the acclimatization stage of hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia may mainly affect the expression of EPO protein in CB of yak and cattle.
【作者单位】：青海省高原医学科学研究院科技部省部共建高原病重点实验室卫生部高原病重点实验室青海省高原医学重点实验室;兰州大学基础医学院病理学研究所;
【基金】：973前期项目(2012CB722506) 973项目(2012CB518202)
【分类号】：S823

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