奇妙节丛孢的分离及对捻转血矛线虫幼虫和秀丽隐杆线虫捕食过程的观察

发布时间：2018-11-06 06:55

【摘要】：本研究从牛羊放牧草地土壤、粪堆、厩舍土壤及林地土壤中分离捕食线虫性真菌奇妙节丛孢菌(Arthrobotrys thaumasia),并进一步了解分离株对线虫的捕食过程。首先,使用诱饵平板技术分离奇妙节丛孢菌;然后,借助扫描电镜对NBS005分离株与绵羊捻转血矛线虫的幼虫及自由生活线虫秀丽隐杆线虫的捕杀动态学及相互作用进行观察。结果显示,在1 532份与牛羊相关的样品中分离出11株奇妙节丛孢菌,检出率为0.71%(11/1 532)。扫描电镜观察显示,加入试验线虫后第6小时,该菌产生捕食结构并开始捕捉试验线虫。其中,二期幼虫(L2)于捕捉后第8小时被真菌刺入角质层,第30小时虫体明显皱缩,提示虫体正处于消化过程,第78小时虫体被消化完全;第三期的感染性幼虫(L3)于捕捉后第12小时被真菌穿透,第42小时虫体表面皱缩,第84小时虫体消化完全;秀丽隐杆线虫于捕捉后第7小时被真菌刺入并明显皱缩,第12小时虫体严重皱缩,第18小时消化完全。以上结果表明,本研究中所分离的真菌属于奇妙节丛孢菌,该菌捕捉以上三种类型的线虫后,真菌对线虫捕食作用的时间随着线虫类型不同而有差异。
[Abstract]:In this study, (Arthrobotrys thaumasia), of nematode fungi was isolated from soil, dung, stables and woodland soils of cattle and sheep grazing grassland, and the predation process of nematodes was further understood. Firstly, the technique of bait plate was used to isolate the wonderful Arthrospora, and then the dynamics and interaction between the NBS005 isolate and the larvae of the blood nematodes of sheep and the free living nematode were observed by means of scanning electron microscope (SEM). The results showed that 11 strains of Arthrospora were isolated from 1 532 samples of cattle and sheep, the detection rate was 0.71% (11 / 1 532). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that after adding the test nematodes, the predatory structure was produced and the nematodes were caught. The second stage larva (L2) was punctured into the cuticle by fungi at 8 hours after capture, and the insect body shrank at the 30th hour, indicating that the larva was in the process of digestion and completely digested at 78 hours. The third stage infective larvae (L3) were penetrated by fungi at the 12th hour after capture, the surface of the parasites shrank at 42nd hour and digested completely at 84th hour. The nematodes were punctured by fungi at the 7th hour after capture and obviously shrank. At the 12th hour the worm body shrank seriously and digested completely at the 18th hour. The above results indicated that the fungi isolated in this study belong to the wonderful nodal mycelium. After the above three types of nematodes were caught, the time of the fungi preying on the nematodes varied with the different types of nematodes.
【作者单位】：西北民族大学生命科学与工程学院;
【基金】：西北民族大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划资助项目(201610742065) 国家自然科学基金项目(31660708)
【分类号】：S855.9

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