膨化脱毒棉粕的制备技术及应用效果研究
发布时间:2018-11-13 19:21
【摘要】:本试验以棉粕和肉鸡为研究对象,主要探索研究了棉粕膨化的工艺参数、对棉粕脱毒效果的影响以及膨化脱毒棉粕对肉鸡的饲喂效果,并初步探索了试验条件下膨化脱毒棉粕在肉鸡日粮中的适宜添加量。结果如下:1、以棉粕膨化时出料是否顺畅、连续、稳定为主要参考点,研究了棉粕膨化的适宜温度、物料粉碎粒度及含水率等条件。结果表明:在实验条件下,棉粕膨化的适宜条件为:膨化机末端温度110℃~140℃、物料含水率不低于24%、粉碎筛孔径为1.0mm~2.5mm。2、以棉粕的脱毒率为主要指标,评价膨化棉粕的含水率和粉碎粒度对其脱毒率的影响。结果表明:(1)膨化可显著降低棉粕中游离棉酚含量,膨化脱毒率在50%以上(P0.05)。(2)膨化机末端温度为120℃、螺杆转速15HZ、喂料器主轴转速为10r/min,棉粕含水率为28%,粉碎筛最适孔径为1.0mm时脱毒效果最好,脱毒率为63.24%。3、膨化可略微降低棉粕中营养成分的含量(P0.05),显著降低干物质及蛋白的体外消化率(P0.05)。4、肉鸡饲养试验选取144只1日龄健康Cobb肉鸡(平均体重为37.71±0.19g),随机分为4个处理组,每个组3个重复,每个重复12只鸡,日粮中添加4%的普通棉粕为对照组(组A),分别添加4%、6%、8%的膨化棉粕为试验组(分别为B、C、D),试验期为42d。试验探讨了膨化棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能、免疫器官指数以及血清生化指标的影响,旨在对膨化棉粕在Cobb肉鸡上的饲用价值进行系统评定,为膨化棉粕在肉鸡日粮中的合理使用提供参考价值。根据试验结果显示:(1)1~21日龄各组之间肉鸡的平均日增重、平均日采食量差异不显著(P0.05);相比对照组,组B、组C的21日龄时的平均体重分别增加了1.25%、0.15%,料肉比分别降低了1.31%、0.65%,但差异均不显著(P0.05);组D的21日龄时的平均体重降低了3.47%,差异不显著(P0.05),料肉比比对照组高3.94%(P0.05);22~42日龄及整个饲养阶段,试验组B、C、D的平均日采食量、平均日增重、料肉比、42日龄的平均体重与对照组相比差异均不显著(P0.05)。(2)在日粮中添加不同比例的膨化棉粕对肉鸡整个阶段的屠宰率、半净膛率、全净膛率、胸肌率、腿肌率、腹脂率均无显著影响(P0.05),对肉鸡的胸腺、脾脏、法氏囊发育没有显著影响(P0.05)。(3)整个饲养阶段,各试验组与对照组血清中TP、ALB、GLU、TCHO、ALT、AST、GGT、BUN、CREA含量或活性均无显著差异(P0.05)。综合肉鸡饲养试验结果可知,在保障日粮代谢能、粗蛋白、蛋氨酸水平一致,赖氨酸含量相当的条件下,用膨化棉粕日粮饲喂肉鸡,其生产性能与用普通棉粕饲喂相比无显著差异,但42日龄时的平均体重有提高的趋势,添加6%、8%膨化棉粕时均未产生明显毒副作用,对肉鸡肝肾功能未见影响,且在此比例下,肉鸡日粮配方中豆粕的比例有所下降。根据本试验结果,膨化脱毒棉粕在肉鸡日粮中添加量的比例可以达到8%。
[Abstract]:In this experiment, cottonseed meal and broiler were used as the research objects. The technological parameters of cotton meal expansion, the effect on the detoxification effect of cottonseed meal and the feeding effect of expanded detoxified cotton meal on broiler chicken were studied. The optimum dosage of expanded detoxified cottonseed meal in broiler diet was studied. The results are as follows: 1. The main reference points are as follows: (1) the suitable temperature, crushing granularity and moisture content of the extruded cottonseed meal are studied with the main reference point of smooth, continuous and stable discharge when the cottonseed meal is extruded. The results showed that the optimum conditions for cotton meal expansion were as follows: the terminal temperature of the extruder was 110 鈩,
本文编号:2330193
[Abstract]:In this experiment, cottonseed meal and broiler were used as the research objects. The technological parameters of cotton meal expansion, the effect on the detoxification effect of cottonseed meal and the feeding effect of expanded detoxified cotton meal on broiler chicken were studied. The optimum dosage of expanded detoxified cottonseed meal in broiler diet was studied. The results are as follows: 1. The main reference points are as follows: (1) the suitable temperature, crushing granularity and moisture content of the extruded cottonseed meal are studied with the main reference point of smooth, continuous and stable discharge when the cottonseed meal is extruded. The results showed that the optimum conditions for cotton meal expansion were as follows: the terminal temperature of the extruder was 110 鈩,
本文编号:2330193
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