饲养模式和年龄对绒山羊日粮中微量元素消化率和肌肉中含量分布的影响

发布时间：2018-11-15 17:45

【摘要】：本论文主要研究了年龄和饲养模式对阿尔巴斯白绒山羊微量元素消化率和肌肉中微量元素含量分布的影响,试验结果为绒山羊日粮中微量元素的科学使用提供重要的理论基础。从内蒙古绒山羊厂选择体重和年龄相似的阿尔巴斯成年母羊和羔羊各30只,作为放牧组,另从淘汰的羊群中选择年龄和体重相似的母羊和羔羊各30只,完全舍饲；共120只,分为4组,每组30只。试验采用2x2完全随机试验设计,第一因素是饲养模式,包括舍饲和放牧两种。其中放牧组羊不进行补饲,舍饲组羊饲喂全混合日粮。第二因素是年龄,包括5岁左右成年母羊和4月龄断奶羔羊。其中,母羊的育肥分前、后两期,共两个月。羔羊的育肥分前、中和后三期,共三个月。试验包括两部分。试验一研究不同饲养模式对母羊和羔羊微量元素消化率的影响。在育肥前、后期各选6只羊采样。前期采用内源指示剂法测定Co、Cu、Fe、 Mn、Zn、Se的消化率,后期取直肠粪样,测定Cv、Fe、Mn、Zn的消化率。试验二研究不同饲养模式对母羊和羔羊肌肉中微量元素含量的影响。在试验结束后采集各组羊的臂三头肌、股二头肌、臀肌和背肌,测定Co、Cu、Fe、Mn、Zn的含量。试验结果表明：(1)绒山羊微量元素消化率存在年龄差异。在育肥后期,与羔羊相比,成年母羊Cu、Zn的消化率较高(P0.01),Fe、Mn的消化率较低(P0.05)。(2)绒山羊肌肉中微量元素含量存在年龄差异。与羔羊相比,母羊臂三头肌中Cu、Se,股二头肌Fe、Mn、Zn,背肌中Se、臀肌中微量元素的含量显著高于羔羊组。臂三头肌Zn、Fe、Mn,股二头肌Se和背肌Mn、Zn的含量显著低于羔羊组；背肌中Fe的含量有低于羔羊组的趋势。(3)与放牧相比,舍饲能显著增加臂三头肌Zn(P0.05)和股二头肌中Fe、Zn的含量(P0.01)；且舍饲能显著提高绒山羊在整个育肥期对Cu、Mn的消化率(P0.05),及在育肥后期对Zn的消化率(P0.01)。(4)总体来看,绒山羊不同部位间比较,以羔羊背肌、母羊臀肌中微量元素含量最为丰富。不同饲养模式间,均以臀肌中Fe、Mn,股二头肌中Se及背肌中Cu含量最丰富。(5)年龄与饲养模式互作效应对肌肉微量元素含量的影响与肌肉部位有关。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of age and feeding mode on the digestibility of trace elements and the distribution of trace elements in muscle of Albus White Cashmere Goat were studied. The results provided an important theoretical basis for the scientific use of trace elements in the diet of Cashmere Goats. From Inner Mongolia Cashmere Goat Factory, 30 adult Albanian ewe and 30 lambs of similar body weight and age were selected as grazing group, and 30 ewes and lambs of the same age and weight were selected from the eliminated sheep and fed completely. 120 rats were divided into 4 groups with 30 rats in each group. The first factor was feeding mode, including house feeding and grazing. Sheep in grazing group were not fed supplementary feed, and sheep in house group were fed with total mixed diet. The second factor was age, including 5-year-old adult ewe and 4-month-old weaning lambs. Among them, the fattening of ewe before, after two phases, a total of two months. The lambs were fattened for three months before, after, and after. The experiment consists of two parts. Experiment one studied the effect of different feeding modes on the digestibility of trace elements in ewe and lamb. Before fattening, 6 sheep were sampled at the later stage of fattening. The digestibility of Co,Cu,Fe, Mn,Zn,Se was measured by endogenous indicator method, and the digestibility of Cv,Fe,Mn,Zn was measured by rectum fecal sample. The effect of different feeding modes on the content of trace elements in muscle of ewe and lamb was studied in experiment 2. After the experiment, the contents of Co,Cu,Fe,Mn,Zn in triceps, biceps femoris, gluteus muscle and dorsal muscle were collected. The results showed that: (1) there were age differences in the digestibility of trace elements in cashmere goats. In the later stage of fattening, the digestibility of Cu,Zn was higher (P0.01) and the digestibility of Fe,Mn was lower (P0.05). (2) in adult ewe than in lamb. Compared with the lamb, the contents of trace elements in the Fe,Mn,Zn, gluteus muscle of the Cu,Se, biceps femoris muscle were significantly higher than those of the lamb group. The contents of Se and Mn,Zn in biceps femoris and dorsal muscles of triceps arm muscle Zn,Fe,Mn, were significantly lower than those in lamb group. The content of Fe in dorsal muscle was lower than that in lamb group. (3) compared with grazing, the contents of Zn (P0.05) and Fe,Zn in biceps femoris (P0.01) were significantly increased in house feeding. The digestibility of Cu,Mn (P0.05) and the digestibility of Zn (P0.01). (4) of cashmere goats during the whole fattening period and later stage of fattening (P0.01). (4) were significantly increased. The contents of trace elements in the gluteus muscle of ewe were the most abundant. The contents of Se in biceps femoris Fe,Mn, and Cu in dorsal muscle were the most abundant in different feeding models. (5) the effect of age and feeding mode interaction on trace element content in muscle was related to muscle location.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S827

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