白酒酒糟制备多酶饲料技术的研究

发布时间：2018-11-17 13:58

【摘要】：多酶饲料是生物饲料的一种,饲料中富含多种饲用酶,能够在一定程度上消除饲料原料中的抗营养成分或对动物内源性酶类起到补充作用,从而有利于改善现有饲料的品质、提高饲料的利用率。本研究以酒糟为饲料原料、枯草芽孢杆菌和乳酸菌为发酵菌种、以植酸酶和甘露聚糖酶等为研究对象,通过微生物发酵的方式制备新型多酶生物饲料。通过对三株枯草芽孢杆菌L1、L2和L3进行单菌单因素和正交固态发酵条件优化实验,分别确定了最佳产酶条件：菌株L1单菌固态发酵生产甘露聚糖酶的最优培养条件为玉米粉和豆粕粉的比例为8：2、酒糟含量为30%、接种量为每瓶0.8mL(250mL装10g干料)、温度35℃、pH自然、料水比为1：1.2、培养时间6d；菌株L2单菌固态发酵生产木聚糖酶的最优培养条件为玉米粉和豆粕粉的比例为6：4、酒糟含量为40%、接种量为每瓶1mL(250mL装10g干料)、温度35℃、pH自然、料水比为1：1、培养时间5d；菌株L3单菌固态发酵生产植酸酶的最优培养条件为：玉米粉和豆粕粉的比例为5：5、酒糟含量为30%、接种量为每瓶0.8mL(250mL装10g干料)、温度37℃、pH7、料水比为1：1.2、培养时间5d。根据单菌发酵实验结果进行混菌发酵产酶条件的优化实验,确定混菌发酵最佳产酶条件：玉米粉与豆粕粉比例为7：3、酒糟含量为37%、麸皮含量为30%、接种量为5%、接种方式为三株枯草芽孢杆菌比例为2：2：1,并将植酸酶产生菌提前接种12 h、发酵温度37℃、料水比1：1、pH 8.0、添加硫酸铵3%、尿素1.5%、氯化钙0.3%、培养时间5d 。将经过枯草芽孢杆菌发酵后的饲料进行乳酸菌发酵培养,以改善饲料气味、和色泽。优化后的乳酸菌菌株R1固态发酵条件为装料量100g、温度35℃、接种量15%、时间6d。培养结束后,饲料颜色较培养前由黑色变为红棕色,气味舒适,消除了枯草芽孢杆菌发酵气味和氨味。并分别采用DNS法、地衣酚-盐酸双波长差值法和TCA法,测定了发酵前后饲料中甘露聚糖、木聚糖和植酸磷含量的变化情况。发酵前后甘露聚糖含量平均下降66.28%、木聚糖含量平均下降12.21%、植酸磷含量平均下降34.09%；又对发酵后的饲料进行粗蛋白、粗纤维、粗灰分、钙含量、总磷含量、水分等十个指标的测定,测定结果符合NY/T 1245-2006,即奶牛用精饲料标准。
[Abstract]:Multi-enzyme feed is a kind of biological feed, which is rich in many kinds of feed enzymes. It can eliminate the anti-nutritional components in feed raw materials to some extent or supplement the endogenous enzymes of animals, thus it can improve the quality of the existing feed. Improve the utilization rate of feed. In this study, using distiller's grains as feed material, Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus as fermentation strains, phytase and mannanase as research objects, a new multi-enzyme biofeed was prepared by microbial fermentation. Three strains of Bacillus subtilis L _ (1) L _ (2) and L _ (3) were optimized by single factor and orthogonal solid-state fermentation. The optimum conditions for producing mannanase by solid state fermentation of strain L1 were as follows: the ratio of corn flour to soybean meal was 8: 2, the content of distiller's grains was 30 and the inoculation amount was 10 g dry material per bottle of 0.8mL (250mL). The temperature is 35 鈩，

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