菌糠颗粒饲料对绵羊生长、代谢及屠宰性能的影响

发布时间：2018-11-17 15:23

【摘要】：为了评价菌糠颗粒饲料对绵羊的生长、代谢和屠宰性能的影响,本试验在选用18只5月龄左右的绵羊,随机分为2组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只绵羊。对照组以玉米秸秆为粗饲料配制成颗粒饲料,菌糠组以杏鲍菇菌糠替代玉米秸秆制成的颗粒料。试验期为60天。饲养试验结束时,每个重复选取一只体重相近的绵羊进行屠宰试验。然后选取体重相近的六只绵羊进行消化代谢试验。试验表明：①与对照组相比,菌糠组绵羊的日增重无显著差异(P0.05),采食量有提高的趋势,饲料转化效率显著低于对照组(P0.05)。②与玉米秸秆相比,菌糠饲料对瘤胃pH、氨态氮浓度、微生物蛋白浓度以及乙酸、丙酸、丁酸等挥发性脂肪酸无显著差异(P0.05)。③对绵羊瘤胃主要纤维分解菌荧光定量PCR结果显示,菌糠组对白色瘤胃球菌和黄色瘤胃球菌无显著的影响,菌糠组产琥珀酸丝状杆菌数量显著低于对照组(P0.05)。④菌糠组与对照组对干物质、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维和无氮浸出物消化率差异不显著(P0.05),但对照组有机物消化率显著高于菌糠组(P0.05)。菌糠组与对照组比较,食入氮与尿氮差异不显著(P0.05),总排泄氮菌糠组有增加的趋势,菌糠组粪氮显著高于对照组(P0.05),对照组尿氮／总排泄氮、可消化氮、沉积氮和氮利用率显著高于菌糠组(P0.05)。⑤菌糠组动物十二指肠和空肠近端的隐窝深度高于对照组(P0.05)。空肠远端绒毛长度对照组大于菌糠组(P0.05)。回肠末端菌糠组与对照组的小肠形态无差异(P0.05)。⑥菌糠颗粒饲料对血液指标的影响。菌糠组与对照组的血液常规指标均无显著差异(P0.05)。试验中期菌糠组总蛋白、白蛋白显著高于对照组(P0.05)。试验末期菌糠组谷草转氨酶、肌酐和白蛋白显著高于对照组。⑦菌糠颗粒饲料对绵羊胴体重、屠宰率、净肉率、产肉率、骨肉比、眼肌面积无显著影响(P0.05)。屠宰后发现菌糠组绵羊的肝、胰腺、胸腺、脾和各个消化器官的颜色、形态、质地均正常。菌糠对绵羊的肝脏指数、胰脏指数、脾脏指数、胸腺指数、网胃指数及皱胃指数无显著性影响,菌糠组瘤胃指数高于对照组(P0.05),对十二指肠、空肠、回肠长度无显著性影响(P0.05)。结果显示,与玉米秸秆颗粒饲料相比,杏鲍菇菌糠颗粒饲料对晋中绵羊瘤胃发酵、屠宰性能和血液指标无显著差异,但对在生长性能、养分消化率、氮平衡、空肠远端绒毛长度及产琥珀酸丝状杆菌有负面影响。
[Abstract]:In order to evaluate the effect of microbial chaff pellet feed on growth, metabolism and slaughtering performance of sheep, 18 sheep aged about 5 months were randomly divided into 2 groups with 3 replicates in each group. In the control group, corn straw was used as the coarse feed, and in the bacterial bran group, the corn straw was replaced by the eryngium eryngii mushroom bacterial bran. The experimental period is 60 days. At the end of the feeding trial, each sheep of similar weight was selected for slaughter. Then six sheep of similar body weight were selected for digestion and metabolism test. The results showed that: 1 compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in daily gain (P0.05), feed intake increased, feed conversion efficiency was significantly lower than that of the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in the concentration of ammonia nitrogen, microbial protein and volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid and so on in rumen (P0.05). The number of filamentous succinate in the bran group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P0.05). 4 the dry matter, crude protein and crude fat in the bran group and the control group were significantly lower than those in the control group. The digestibility of neutral detergent fiber acid detergent fiber and nitrogen-free extract was not significant (P0.05) but the organic matter digestibility of control group was significantly higher than that of bacterial bran group (P0.05). Compared with the control group, there was no significant difference in the intake of nitrogen and urinary nitrogen (P0.05), but the total excretion of nitrogen in the bacterial bran group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05), and the fecal nitrogen in the bacterial chaff group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The utilization rate of deposition nitrogen and nitrogen was significantly higher than that of the bacterial bran group (P0.05). 5 the depth of recess in the proximal duodenum and jejunum of the animals in the bacterial chaff group was higher than that in the control group (P0.05). The length of distal jejunum villi in control group was larger than that in bacterial bran group (P0.05). There was no difference in intestinal morphology between the ileal terminal bacterial bran group and the control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference in blood routine indexes between the bacterial bran group and the control group (P 0.05). The total protein and albumin in the bacterial bran group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P 0.05). At the end of the experiment, the levels of glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, creatinine and albumin were significantly higher in the bacterial bran group than in the control group. 7 the carcass weight, slaughter rate, net meat rate, meat production rate, bone / meat ratio and eye muscle area of sheep were not significantly affected by the microbran pellet feed (P0.05). After slaughter, the color, shape and texture of liver, pancreas, thymus, spleen and various digestive organs were normal. Bacterial bran had no significant effect on liver index, pancreas index, spleen index, thymus index, reticulum index and abomasum index of sheep. The rumen index of bacterial bran group was higher than that of control group (P0.05). There was no significant effect on ileal length (P0.05). The results showed that there was no significant difference in rumen fermentation, slaughtering performance and blood index in Jinzhong sheep, but there was no significant difference in growth performance, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen balance between granular feed of Pleurotus eryngii and corn straw. The length of distal villi of jejunum and filamentous succinate bacteria had negative effects.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S826.5

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