异戊酸对断奶前后犊牛瘤胃发育的影响

发布时间：2018-11-23 09:29

【摘要】：选取10日龄的荷斯坦哺乳犊牛24头(45.09±0.90 kg),随机分成4组,Control组饲喂基础日粮,LIV、MIV和HIV组在基础日粮中添加3、6和9g/d异戊酸,分别于30日龄、60日龄和90日龄晨饲前称重后进行屠宰采样,研究不同水平异戊酸对断奶前后犊牛瘤胃发育的影响。结果表明：①异戊酸添加组各个日龄时四个胃室各胃室重和总胃重都高于Control组(P0.05)。②MIV、HIV组各日龄犊牛瘤胃占总胃重比例显著大于Control组(P0.05),而MIV、HIV组之间差异不显著(P0.05)。③MIV、HIV组各个日龄时犊牛瘤胃五个部位的各形态学指标均显著高于Control组(P0.05)。④MIV、HIV组瘤胃液各日龄总挥发性脂肪酸、乙酸、乙酸/丙酸显著高于对照组(P0.05),戊酸、氨态氮、pH显著低于Control组(P0.05)。⑤异戊酸添加组各日龄犊牛瘤胃液溶纤维丁酸弧菌,60、90日龄的白色瘤胃球菌、黄色瘤胃球菌、产琥珀酸丝状杆菌显著高于Control组(P0.05),其中MIV、HIV组差异不显著(P0.05)。⑥MIV、HIV组犊牛各日龄瘤胃中滤纸酶活、30日龄α-淀粉酶和β-淀粉酶、60日龄和90日龄的羧甲基纤维素酶活、纤维二糖酶活、木聚糖酶、果胶酶显著高于Control组(P0.05)。⑦MIV、HIV组各日龄犊牛瘤胃黏膜的生长激素受体mRNA表达量、胰岛素受体mRNA表达量都显著高于Control组(P0.05),其中MIV、HIV组差异不显著(P0.05)。⑧MIV、HIV组各日龄犊牛瘤胃背囊、前腹盲囊后腹盲囊胰岛素样生长因子1受体mRNA表达都显著高于Control组(P0.05),而HIV组差异不显著(P0.05)。⑨60、90日龄犊牛瘤胃各部位的3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酰辅酶A合成酶1mRNA表达量都显著高于Control组(P0.05),而HIV组差异不显著(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加异戊酸能够促进断奶前后犊牛瘤胃发育,其适宜水平为6g/d。
[Abstract]:24 Holstein lactating calves of 10 days old (45.09 卤0.90 kg),) were randomly divided into four groups. The Control group was fed with basal diet, and the LIV,MIV and HIV groups were fed with 3F6 and 9g/d isovaleric acid at 30 days of age, respectively. The effects of different levels of isovaleric acid on rumen development of calves before and after weaning were studied. The results showed that: 1 the gastric weight and total gastric weight in the four gastric chambers were higher than those in the Control group at each day of age (P0.05). 2 the rumen to total gastric weight in the Control group was significantly higher than that in the Control group (P0.05), while MIV, was significantly higher in the four chambers than in the Control group (P0.05). There was no significant difference among the HIV groups (P0.05). 3The morphological indexes of five parts of rumen in the HIV group were significantly higher than those in the Control group (P0.05). 4 Total volatile fatty acids (TFA), acetic acid (acetic acid) in rumen fluid of the HIV group were significantly higher than those in the Control group. Acetic acid / propionic acid was significantly higher than control group (P0.05), valeric acid, ammonia nitrogen and pH were significantly lower than Control group (P0.05). Among them, there was no significant difference between MIV,HIV group and Control group (P0.05). The activity of filter paper enzyme, 伪 -amylase and 尾 -amylase in 30 day old calves of MIV,HIV group was significantly higher than that of Control group (P0.05). Carboxymethyl cellulase activity, xylanase and Pectinase activity in 60 and 90 days of age were significantly higher than those in Control group (P0.05). The expression of insulin receptor mRNA was significantly higher than that of Control group (P0.05), and there was no significant difference in MIV,HIV group (P0.05). The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor mRNA in posterior abdominal caecal capsule was significantly higher than that in Control group (P0.05). The expression of 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coA synthase 1mRNA was significantly higher in HIV group than in Control group (P0.05), but there was no significant difference in HIV group (P0.05). In conclusion, supplementation of isovaleric acid in diet could promote rumen development of calves before and after weaning, and its suitable level was 6 g / d.
【学位授予单位】：山西农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S823.5

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