禁牧对祁连山冰沟流域高山草甸土有机碳及理化性质和酶活性的影响

发布时间：2018-11-26 20:39

【摘要】：在青海省祁连山冰沟流域的高山草甸土上,选择放牧与禁牧2个样品采集区,研究了禁牧对祁连山冰沟流域高山草甸土有机碳及理化性质和酶活性的影响。结果表明:高山草甸土遭到放牧牲畜连续3年的啃食和践踏后,植被覆盖度明显降低,归还到土壤中的生物量和枯落物积累量减少,0~20 cm土层有机质含量、有机碳密度、总孔隙度、团聚体、田间持水量、氮磷钾和酶活性降低,容重、CaCO_3和可溶性盐增加,但20 cm以下土层这些性质变化不大。放牧与禁牧比较,0~20 cm土层土壤容重、可溶性盐和CaCO_3分别增加14.15%、6.35%和1.27%;有机碳含量、有机碳密度、总孔隙度、团聚体和田间持水量分别降低29.76%、22.82%、9.45%、6.49%和7.69%;全氮、全磷、全钾、脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶分别降低25.97%、15.56%、12.17%、33.77%、26.11%、42.00%、29.31%。放牧对有机碳、容重、孔隙度、田间持水量、可溶性盐、氮磷钾和酶活性影响深度为20 cm,对团聚体影响深度为40 cm。
[Abstract]:The effects of grazing on organic carbon, physicochemical properties and enzyme activity of alpine meadow soil in Binggou Basin of Qilian Mountains, Qinghai Province were studied. The results showed that after grazing and trampling on alpine meadow soil for 3 years, the vegetation coverage decreased significantly, biomass and litter accumulation decreased, organic matter content and organic carbon density decreased in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer. The total porosity, aggregate, field water capacity, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and enzyme activity decreased, bulk density, CaCO_3 and soluble salt increased, but the soil layer below 20 cm had little change in these properties. The soil bulk density, soluble salt and CaCO_3 increased by 6.35% and 1.27% in 0 ~ 20 cm soil layer, respectively. The content of organic carbon, the density of organic carbon, the total porosity, the aggregate and the field water capacity were reduced by 29.76% and 7.69%, respectively, and 22.829.45% and 7.69%, respectively. Total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, urease, sucrase, phosphatase and catalase decreased 25.97 and 15.5612.17, respectively. The depth of effect of grazing on organic carbon, bulk density, porosity, field water capacity, soluble salt, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and enzyme activity is 20 cm, and the depth of influence on aggregate is 40 cm..
【作者单位】：河西学院农业与生物技术学院;甘肃省张掖市肃南县农业技术推广中心;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重点支持项目“黑河流域生态水分样带调查”(91025002/D010106)
【分类号】：S812.2

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