温县地区兔球虫病流行病学调查及药物防治试验
发布时间：2018-12-11 06:23
【摘要】：兔球虫病(Rabbit coccidiosis)是养兔业生产中长期存在且危害最为严重的疾病之一,防治比较困难。不仅影响兔的生产性能和成活率,还影响其科研价值。而目前还无商品化疫苗可上市使用,故防治兔球虫病的主要手段仍然是依靠在饲料或饮水中添加抗球虫药物。但是由于各地区各养殖户使用的抗球虫药物种类繁多且致病虫株复杂多变,加上长期不合理地使用,导致球虫耐药性问题日益严重,药物的实际应用效果因此也存在差异。即使使用某些抗球虫药,仍会面临球虫病的暴发,因此每年给养兔业带来巨大的经济损失。为掌握温县地区兔球虫病的流行情况,给养兔生产中防治球虫病提供重要参考和依据,本研究利用饱和食盐水浮集法对温县地区9个兔场各年龄段兔只共428份粪样中球虫卵囊的排出情况进行检查。结果发现,样品总感染率为78.0%,各年龄段均受到不同程度的球虫感染。以1~3月龄幼兔感染率最高,可达84.3%,且感染强度最大,平均OPG值为7.6×104。共鉴定出11种艾美耳球虫,粪样呈混合感染,多感染5-7种球虫,其中大型艾美耳球虫、无残艾美耳球虫、穿孔艾美耳球虫、斯氏艾美耳球虫和肠艾美耳球虫为普遍流行的优势虫种。为比较和评价几种常用抗球虫药物对温县地区兔球虫病的防治效果,以便从中筛选出最佳药物,为其防治提供一些参考和依据。本项目对温县地区部分兔场自然感染球虫的兔进行药物防治试验,根据存活率、卵囊排出情况和卵囊转阴率、增重和饲料转化率等判定药物疗效。结果表明,癸氧喹酯、妥曲珠利和地克珠利呈现不同程度的抗球虫感染能力,其中癸氧喹酯抗兔球虫效果较为显著,可作为防治球虫病的首选药物,妥曲珠利次之,地克珠利因球虫耐药性问题效果不理想,可作为穿梭交叉用药,或与其他药物配合使用。
[Abstract]:Rabbit coccidiosis (Rabbit coccidiosis) is one of the most serious diseases in rabbit production for a long time, which is difficult to prevent and cure. It not only affects the production performance and survival rate of rabbits, but also affects its scientific research value. At present, there is no commercial vaccine to be used on the market, so the main way to control rabbit coccidiosis is to add anti-coccidiosis drugs in feed or drinking water. However, because of the variety of anti-coccidiosis drugs used by farmers in various regions and the complex and changeable pathogenic insect strains, and the long-term irrational use, the problem of drug resistance of coccidia becomes more and more serious, and the actual application effect of the drugs is different. Even if some anti-coccidiosis drugs are used, there will still be an outbreak of coccidiosis, which brings huge economic losses to rabbit industry every year. In order to understand the prevalence of rabbit coccidiosis in Wenxian area and provide important reference and basis for the control of coccidiosis in the production of rabbits, In this study, the excretion of coccidia oocysts from 428 fecal samples from 9 rabbit farms in Wenxian County was examined by saturated salt floatation method. The results showed that the total infection rate of the samples was 78.0%, and all the age groups were infected by coccidia of different degrees. The infection rate was the highest (84.3) and the infection intensity was the highest (average OPG 7.6 脳 10 ~ 4) in 1 ~ 3 months old young rabbits. A total of 11 species of Eimeria were identified, with mixed infection in feces and 5 to 7 species of coccidiosis, including large Eimeria, no residual Eimeria, and Eimeria perforatum. Eimeria spp. And Eimeria enteri are the dominant species. In order to compare and evaluate the control effect of several commonly used anti-coccidiosis drugs on rabbit coccidiosis in Wenxian area in order to screen out the best drug and provide some reference and basis for its prevention and control. The experiment was carried out on rabbits infected naturally with coccidiosis in some rabbit farms in Wenxian County. According to the survival rate, oocyst excretion, egg sac negative rate, weight gain and feed conversion rate, the therapeutic effect was evaluated. The results showed that decoxiquine, totrezolide and dichulil showed different degrees of anti-coccidiosis ability, among which decoxiquine had a significant effect on coccidiosis in rabbits, and could be used as the first drug to control coccidiosis, followed by totrel. Because of the poor drug resistance of coccidiosis, Dectrulide can be used as shuttle cross-drug or in combination with other drugs.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.291
本文编号：2372045
[Abstract]:Rabbit coccidiosis (Rabbit coccidiosis) is one of the most serious diseases in rabbit production for a long time, which is difficult to prevent and cure. It not only affects the production performance and survival rate of rabbits, but also affects its scientific research value. At present, there is no commercial vaccine to be used on the market, so the main way to control rabbit coccidiosis is to add anti-coccidiosis drugs in feed or drinking water. However, because of the variety of anti-coccidiosis drugs used by farmers in various regions and the complex and changeable pathogenic insect strains, and the long-term irrational use, the problem of drug resistance of coccidia becomes more and more serious, and the actual application effect of the drugs is different. Even if some anti-coccidiosis drugs are used, there will still be an outbreak of coccidiosis, which brings huge economic losses to rabbit industry every year. In order to understand the prevalence of rabbit coccidiosis in Wenxian area and provide important reference and basis for the control of coccidiosis in the production of rabbits, In this study, the excretion of coccidia oocysts from 428 fecal samples from 9 rabbit farms in Wenxian County was examined by saturated salt floatation method. The results showed that the total infection rate of the samples was 78.0%, and all the age groups were infected by coccidia of different degrees. The infection rate was the highest (84.3) and the infection intensity was the highest (average OPG 7.6 脳 10 ~ 4) in 1 ~ 3 months old young rabbits. A total of 11 species of Eimeria were identified, with mixed infection in feces and 5 to 7 species of coccidiosis, including large Eimeria, no residual Eimeria, and Eimeria perforatum. Eimeria spp. And Eimeria enteri are the dominant species. In order to compare and evaluate the control effect of several commonly used anti-coccidiosis drugs on rabbit coccidiosis in Wenxian area in order to screen out the best drug and provide some reference and basis for its prevention and control. The experiment was carried out on rabbits infected naturally with coccidiosis in some rabbit farms in Wenxian County. According to the survival rate, oocyst excretion, egg sac negative rate, weight gain and feed conversion rate, the therapeutic effect was evaluated. The results showed that decoxiquine, totrezolide and dichulil showed different degrees of anti-coccidiosis ability, among which decoxiquine had a significant effect on coccidiosis in rabbits, and could be used as the first drug to control coccidiosis, followed by totrel. Because of the poor drug resistance of coccidiosis, Dectrulide can be used as shuttle cross-drug or in combination with other drugs.
【学位授予单位】：河南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.291
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前2条
1 史柯;任绪朋;王强;齐萌;安春霞;陈龙飞;菅复春;张龙现;宁长申;;河南省部分地区兔肠道寄生虫感染情况调查[J];畜牧与兽医;2010年05期
2 乔军;才学鹏;田广孚;孟庆玲;景志忠;严鸿斌;毕研丽;;兰州地区兔球虫种类调查[J];中国兽医杂志;2008年08期
，本文编号：2372045
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