饲粮不同磷水平和钙磷比添加植酸酶对母猪和仔猪钙磷代谢的影响
发布时间：2018-12-20 12:35
【摘要】：本文旨在研究饲粮不同磷水平和钙磷比例对妊娠后期母猪养分消化率、母猪及仔猪钙磷代谢、母猪繁殖性能及仔猪骨骼的影响。试验选择遗传背景一致、2~3胎次(预产期前45天)、预产期相近的健康“♂长白×♀大约克”二元杂交母猪72头,按照胎次、预产期均衡原则分为9个处理,每个处理8个重复。处理1为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮,钙、磷分别为7.26、5.81 g/kg;处理2为基础饲粮添加植酸酶;处理3~5保持正常钙水平(7.26 g/kg)不变添加植酸酶,减少无机磷添加至对照的75%、50%、25%(钙磷比为1.35~1.63:1);处理6~9保持正常钙磷比不变(1.25:1)添加植酸酶,减少无机磷添加至对照的75%、50%、25%、0%。试验预产期前45天开始,至分娩结束。研究结果表明:1)正常磷水平下,添加植酸酶可显著提高干物质、粗灰分、有机物和磷的表观消化率,降低粪中磷的排泄量,激素调节促进排磷,降低母猪骨转化标志物,显著提高仔猪胫骨脱脂干重(P0.05)。在低无机磷、低钙磷比(1.25)饲粮中,添加植酸酶提高养分消化率的效果更显著(P0.05)2)饲粮在保持钙水平不变的条件下或钙磷比不变的条件下添加植酸酶,随无机磷添加量的降低,养分的表观消化率显著增大,母猪血清磷、降钙素显著降低,1,25-二羟基维生素升高,骨吸收、骨形成标志物增大(P0.05),且均呈一次和二次相关(P0.05);仔猪血清抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶-5b、I型胶原C端肽、碱性磷酸酶、骨特异性碱性磷酸酶增大(P0.05),骨钙蛋白、护骨素、骨骼钙磷沉积及骨量减少(P0.05),仔猪弱仔数升高(P0.05),且均呈一次和二次相关(P0.05)。3)在饲粮保持钙水平不变的条件下和钙磷比不变的条件下,以表观可消化磷为标准,植酸酶可分别替代0.91、1.27 g/kg的无机磷,减少24.70%、34.48%的粪磷排泄量;以母猪血清骨代谢标志物为标准,植酸酶可替代50%(0.90 g/kg)无机磷,母猪骨代谢无显著差异(P0.05)或得到改善(P0.05),低钙磷比显著改善了母猪骨代谢标志物(P0.05)。综合以上分析可知:正常磷水平添加植酸酶可提高养分的表观消化率、降低母猪骨转换标志物,提高仔猪骨形成标志物及胫骨脱脂干重。降低无机磷水平,植酸酶提高养分消化率的效果更显著;母猪及仔猪血清磷降低,激素调节促进钙磷吸收、母猪骨转化标志物升高,仔猪骨形成标志物及骨量减少,弱子数升高。以母猪血清骨代谢标志物为标准,综合母猪及仔猪各指标,添加植酸酶可减少50%(0.90 g/kg)的无机磷添加,钙磷比保持1.25:1添加更有利于提高养分消化率及抑制母猪骨吸收。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different dietary phosphorus levels and Ca / P ratios on nutrient digestibility, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, reproductive performance and bone of piglets in later pregnant sows. The genetic background was the same in the experiment. 72 sows with the same genetic background were divided into 9 treatments according to the parity of birth order and the equilibrium principle of the expected delivery period, and 72 healthy crossbred sows with similar expected dates (45 days before the expected birth date) were divided into 9 treatments. Each process is 8 repetitions. Treatment 1 was used as control group, fed with basal diet, Ca and P were 7.26g / kg, respectively, treatment 2 was fed with phytase. In treatment 3 ~ (5), the normal calcium level (7.26 g/kg) was maintained and phytase was added, and inorganic phosphorus was reduced to 75 ~ 50 ~ 25% (Ca ~ (2 + / P) = 1.35 ~ 1.63: 1). Treatment 6 ~ 9 kept the normal Ca / P ratio unchanged (1.25: 1) and added phytase to reduce the inorganic phosphorus added to the control group. The trial began 45 days before the due date of delivery until the end of delivery. The results showed that: 1) under normal phosphorus level, phytase could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude ash, organic matter and phosphorus, reduce the excretion of phosphorus in feces, promote phosphorus excretion by hormone regulation, and reduce the markers of bone transformation in sows. The dry weight of tibia defatted piglets was significantly increased (P0.05). In the diet with low inorganic phosphorus and low Ca / P ratio (1.25), the effect of adding phytase on nutrient digestibility was more significant (P0.05). With the decrease of inorganic phosphorus, the apparent digestibility of nutrients increased significantly, the serum phosphorus and calcitonin in sows decreased significantly, the level of 1m25-dihydroxyvitamin increased, bone resorption and bone formation markers increased (P0.05). All of them were related to each other once and twice (P0.05). Serum anti-tartrate acid phosphatase -5bPase type I collagen C-terminal peptide, alkaline phosphatase, bone specific alkaline phosphatase increased (P0.05), osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, bone calcium phosphorus deposition and bone mass decreased (P0.05). The litter size of piglets was increased (P0.05), and the correlation was between primary and secondary (P0.05). Under the condition that the dietary calcium level remained constant and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus remained constant, the apparent digestible phosphorus was taken as the standard. Phytase could replace the inorganic phosphorus of 0.91 ~ 1.27 g/kg and reduce the excretion of fecal phosphorus by 24.70% ~ 34.48%. Phytase could replace 50% (0. 90 g/kg) inorganic phosphorus in sows' serum bone metabolism markers, but there was no significant difference (P0.05) or improvement (P0.05) in sows' bone metabolism. Low Ca / P ratio significantly improved bone metabolic markers in sows (P0.05). According to the above analysis, the addition of phytase to normal phosphorus level could increase the apparent digestibility of nutrients, decrease the bone turnover markers of sows, increase the bone formation markers of piglets and increase the dry weight of tibia defatted. The effect of phytase on nutrient digestibility was more obvious when the level of inorganic phosphorus was decreased. Serum phosphorus in sows and piglets decreased, hormone regulation promoted calcium and phosphorus absorption, bone transformation markers in sows increased, bone formation markers and bone mass in piglets decreased, and the number of weak seeds increased. According to the serum biomarkers of bone metabolism in sows and piglets, the addition of phytase could reduce the inorganic phosphorus by 50% (0. 90 g/kg). Calcium and phosphorus could increase nutrient digestibility and inhibit bone absorption of sows.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
本文编号：2388007
[Abstract]:The purpose of this study was to study the effects of different dietary phosphorus levels and Ca / P ratios on nutrient digestibility, calcium and phosphorus metabolism, reproductive performance and bone of piglets in later pregnant sows. The genetic background was the same in the experiment. 72 sows with the same genetic background were divided into 9 treatments according to the parity of birth order and the equilibrium principle of the expected delivery period, and 72 healthy crossbred sows with similar expected dates (45 days before the expected birth date) were divided into 9 treatments. Each process is 8 repetitions. Treatment 1 was used as control group, fed with basal diet, Ca and P were 7.26g / kg, respectively, treatment 2 was fed with phytase. In treatment 3 ~ (5), the normal calcium level (7.26 g/kg) was maintained and phytase was added, and inorganic phosphorus was reduced to 75 ~ 50 ~ 25% (Ca ~ (2 + / P) = 1.35 ~ 1.63: 1). Treatment 6 ~ 9 kept the normal Ca / P ratio unchanged (1.25: 1) and added phytase to reduce the inorganic phosphorus added to the control group. The trial began 45 days before the due date of delivery until the end of delivery. The results showed that: 1) under normal phosphorus level, phytase could significantly increase the apparent digestibility of dry matter, crude ash, organic matter and phosphorus, reduce the excretion of phosphorus in feces, promote phosphorus excretion by hormone regulation, and reduce the markers of bone transformation in sows. The dry weight of tibia defatted piglets was significantly increased (P0.05). In the diet with low inorganic phosphorus and low Ca / P ratio (1.25), the effect of adding phytase on nutrient digestibility was more significant (P0.05). With the decrease of inorganic phosphorus, the apparent digestibility of nutrients increased significantly, the serum phosphorus and calcitonin in sows decreased significantly, the level of 1m25-dihydroxyvitamin increased, bone resorption and bone formation markers increased (P0.05). All of them were related to each other once and twice (P0.05). Serum anti-tartrate acid phosphatase -5bPase type I collagen C-terminal peptide, alkaline phosphatase, bone specific alkaline phosphatase increased (P0.05), osteocalcin, osteoprotegerin, bone calcium phosphorus deposition and bone mass decreased (P0.05). The litter size of piglets was increased (P0.05), and the correlation was between primary and secondary (P0.05). Under the condition that the dietary calcium level remained constant and the ratio of calcium to phosphorus remained constant, the apparent digestible phosphorus was taken as the standard. Phytase could replace the inorganic phosphorus of 0.91 ~ 1.27 g/kg and reduce the excretion of fecal phosphorus by 24.70% ~ 34.48%. Phytase could replace 50% (0. 90 g/kg) inorganic phosphorus in sows' serum bone metabolism markers, but there was no significant difference (P0.05) or improvement (P0.05) in sows' bone metabolism. Low Ca / P ratio significantly improved bone metabolic markers in sows (P0.05). According to the above analysis, the addition of phytase to normal phosphorus level could increase the apparent digestibility of nutrients, decrease the bone turnover markers of sows, increase the bone formation markers of piglets and increase the dry weight of tibia defatted. The effect of phytase on nutrient digestibility was more obvious when the level of inorganic phosphorus was decreased. Serum phosphorus in sows and piglets decreased, hormone regulation promoted calcium and phosphorus absorption, bone transformation markers in sows increased, bone formation markers and bone mass in piglets decreased, and the number of weak seeds increased. According to the serum biomarkers of bone metabolism in sows and piglets, the addition of phytase could reduce the inorganic phosphorus by 50% (0. 90 g/kg). Calcium and phosphorus could increase nutrient digestibility and inhibit bone absorption of sows.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
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