春秋季节奶牛舍内外气载微生物的时空变化

发布时间：2019-02-12 10:31

【摘要】：【目的】旨在研究春秋两季奶牛舍内外气载细菌和真菌的时空分布规律,为奶牛舍环境改善提供参考。【方法】选择3种建筑类型的奶牛舍,采用定点采样和培养计数法,对春秋两季奶牛场内采样区(舍内、运动场、净道和凉棚)以及牛场外采样区(牛场围墙上风向和下风向5和50m处)的气载细菌和真菌含量进行检测,并进行比较与分析。【结果】春秋两季奶牛舍内细菌含量分别为1.16×103~1.30×104和2.71×103~4.89×103 CFU/m3,真菌含量分别为163~972和517~1 065CFU/m3;春季舍内细菌和真菌含量均表现出晚上高、上午低的变化规律,秋季上午、中午和晚上舍内细菌含量无显著性差异(P0.05),而秋季真菌含量则表现为上午显著低于中午和晚上的规律(P0.05);从奶牛舍内和场内净道微生物的空间分布上,春秋两季舍内细菌含量分别是净道的1.9~5.5和1.2~2.8倍;牛场外采样区的细菌和真菌含量均未表现出一致的空间分布规律,春秋两季大部分的场外采样区真菌含量与牛场内采样区未表现出显著差异(P0.05)。【结论】奶牛舍的气载微生物含量与检测时间、建筑类型密切相关,部分奶牛场外的气载微生物含量高于场内。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the spatial and temporal distribution of airborne bacteria and fungi in dairy cattle house in spring and autumn, and to provide a reference for improving the environment of dairy cow house. [methods] three types of building dairy cattle house were selected, and fixed point sampling and cultivation counting methods were used. The airborne bacteria and fungi contents in the sampling area (indoor, sports ground, clear road and barnyard) and outside sampling area (5 and 50 m of wind direction and downwind direction on the fence of cattle farm) in the spring and autumn were detected, and the contents of airborne bacteria and fungi in the sampling area (5 and 50 m below wind direction on the fence of the cattle farm) were determined. [results] the bacterial contents of dairy cattle in spring and autumn were 1.16 脳 10 ~ (3) (1.30 脳 10 ~ 4) and 2.71 脳 10 ~ (3) (4.89 脳 10 ~ (3) CFU/m3, respectively, and the fungal contents were 163C ~ (972) and 517 ~ (10 ~ 5) CFU / m ~ (3), respectively. The contents of bacteria and fungi in spring showed high in the evening and low in the morning, but there was no significant difference in the bacterial content in the morning, noon and evening in autumn (P0.05). The content of fungi in autumn was significantly lower than that in noon and evening (P0.05). According to the spatial distribution of microorganism in dairy cattle house and field, the bacterial content in spring and autumn was 1.9g / 5.5 and 1.22.8times as much as that in clean channel, respectively. The content of bacteria and fungi in the sampling area of cattle field did not show the same spatial distribution law. There was no significant difference in fungal content between the two sampling areas in spring and autumn (P0.05). [conclusion] the airborne microbial content in dairy cattle shed was closely related to the detection time and the type of buildings. The airborne microorganism content in some dairy farms was higher than that in the field.
【作者单位】：河北农业大学动物科技学院;承德市畜牧研究所;张家口市张北农牧局;
【基金】：河北省现代农业产业技术体系奶牛产业创新团队建设专项“规模化奶牛场环境控制关键技术与示范”(20141309)
【分类号】：S823

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