基于脂质特异性的不同动物源性饲料光谱鉴别方法与模型

发布时间：2019-02-12 19:21

【摘要】：为保障动物源性饲料的安全使用,开展不同种属动物源性饲料的快速鉴别分析研究,具有重要的现实意义。本文从动物源性饲料的脂质组成入手,以不同种属动物源性饲料为研究对象,采用全自动脂肪测定仪提取脂质成分,通过气相色谱法分析比较脂质组成及含量信息。通过红外和拉曼光谱技术采集动物源性饲料脂质光谱数据,结合化学计量学方法对动物源性饲料进行种属鉴别,并分析二者鉴别效果及机理。基于红外和拉曼光谱联用构建了动物源性饲料的种属判别模型,并基于二者特征谱段对动物源性饲料种属鉴别机理的互补性进行分析。采用红外和拉曼光谱技术对反刍动物源肉骨粉掺加成分进行定性判别和定量分析研究。(1)不同种属动物源性饲料的脂肪酸组成及含量各不相同。鱼粉中多不饱和脂肪酸含量显著高于肉骨粉中的含量,饱和脂肪酸在牛、羊、猪、鸡肉骨粉和鱼粉中的含量依次降低。基于气相色谱图信息和37种脂肪酸组成及含量对动物源性饲料进行种属鉴别,结果表明,基于脂质特性进行动物源性饲料种属判别可行。(2)采集动物源性饲料的脂质红外光谱,不同种属动物源性饲料在968 cm-1处的峰值和1116和1098cm-1处的峰比值呈显著性差异(P0.05)。结合化学计量学研究表明,基于脂质红外光谱可成功鉴别不同种属动物源性饲料。脂质红外光谱与其不饱和脂肪酸之间存在高度相关性(r 0.960)。机理研究表明,红外光谱基于脂质成分进行动物源性饲料种属鉴别,主要基于脂肪酸的饱和/不饱和度及其顺式(cis)或反式(trans)脂肪酸含量的差异特征。(3)采集动物源性饲料的脂质拉曼光谱,结合脂肪酸特性分析,特征峰比值(1654/1748cm-1和1654/1445 cm-1)与动物源性饲料脂质不饱和度呈现高度相关性(r2 0.940)。结合化学计量学方法发现,532 nm拉曼光谱较傅里叶拉曼光谱具有更好的动物源性饲料种属鉴别潜力。机理研究表明,拉曼光谱基于脂质成分进行动物源性饲料种属鉴别,主要基于脂肪酸的饱和/不饱和度及其顺式(cis)脂肪酸含量的差异特征。(4)动物源性饲料脂质的红外与拉曼光谱具有互补性,红外和532nm拉曼光谱具有较好的动物源性饲料种属鉴别效果。基于红外和拉曼光谱联用技术构建了动物源性饲料的种属判别分析模型。结果表明,红外和拉曼光谱联用可有效提高动物源性饲料种属判别效果。机理互补性研究表明,特定波段的红外和拉曼光谱对不同种属动物源性饲料鉴别各有侧重,可有效进行互补。(5)采用红外和拉曼光谱技术对反刍动物源肉骨粉掺加样品进行定性判别和定量分析研究。掺有不同比例反刍动物源肉骨粉的动物源性肉骨粉的脂质光谱呈现明显差异。基于脂质特性,红外和拉曼光谱技术均可成功对反刍动物源肉骨粉的掺加成分2q进行定性判别和定量分析。判别机理研究结果表明,红外光谱主要是基于反刍动物源肉骨粉中反式(trans)脂肪酸含量的差异而进行判别分析;拉曼光谱主要是基于脂肪酸的饱和/不饱和度及其顺式(cis)脂肪酸含量的差异而进行判别分析。
[Abstract]:In order to guarantee the safe use of the animal's source feed, it is of great practical significance to carry out the rapid identification and analysis of the animal source feed in different species. This paper starts with the lipid composition of animal source feed, and uses the animal-derived feed of different species as the research object, and uses the full-automatic fat measuring instrument to extract the fat component, and the composition and content information of the fat are compared by gas chromatography. The animal-derived feed-fat spectral data was collected by IR and Raman spectroscopy, and the animal-derived feed was identified by a chemometric method, and the identification effect and mechanism of the two were analyzed. The species discrimination model of animal-derived feed is constructed based on the combination of infrared and Raman spectrum, and the complementary analysis of the identification mechanism of the animal-derived feed species is carried out based on the characteristic spectrum of the two. The qualitative and quantitative analysis of the additive components of the meat and bone meal in the ruminant was carried out by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. (1) The fatty acid composition and content of animal-derived feed in different species were different. the content of the polyunsaturated fatty acid in the fish meal is obviously higher than that of the meat and bone meal, and the content of the saturated fatty acid in the beef, the sheep, the pig, the chicken meat and bone meal and the fish meal is reduced in sequence. The species identification of the animal-derived feed was carried out based on the information of gas chromatography and the composition and content of 37 fatty acids. The results showed that the animal-derived feed species was found to be feasible based on the properties of lipid. (2) The peak value of the animal-derived feed at 968 cm-1 and the peak-to-peak ratio of 1116 and 1098cm-1 at 968 cm-1 were significantly different (P0.05). in combination with that study of chemometrics, animal-derived feed in different species can be successfully identified based on the lipid-based infrared spectrum. There was a high correlation between the lipid infrared spectrum and its unsaturated fatty acid (r 0.960). The mechanism research shows that the infrared spectrum is based on the lipid component for the identification of the animal origin feed species, mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference between the cis (cis) or trans (trans) fatty acid content. (3) It was found that the ratio of the characteristic peaks (1654/ 1748cm-1 and 1654/ 1445cm-1) was highly correlated with the non-saturation of the animal-derived feed (r2 0.940). In combination with the chemometric method, it was found that the 532 nm Raman spectrum has better identification potential for animal-derived feed species than that of the Fourier-Raman spectrum. The mechanism research shows that the Raman spectrum is based on the lipid component for the identification of the animal origin feed species, mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference of the cis (cis) fatty acid content. (4) The infrared and Raman spectra of the animal-derived feed fat have complementary, and the infrared and 532nm Raman spectra have good animal-derived feed species identification effect. The species discrimination model of animal-derived feed was constructed based on the combination of infrared and Raman spectrum. The results show that the combination of infrared and Raman spectroscopy can effectively improve the identification effect of animal-derived feed. The study of mechanism complementarity shows that the specific bands of infrared and Raman spectra have different focus on the identification of different species of animal origin feed, and can be effectively complementary. (5) The qualitative and quantitative analysis of meat and bone meal of ruminant was carried out by means of infrared and Raman spectroscopy. The lipid profiles of animal-derived meat and bone meal with different proportion of ruminant-derived meat and bone meal were significantly different. Based on the properties of the lipid, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the additive component 2q of the meat and bone meal in the ruminant animal can be performed successfully. The results of the study indicate that the infrared spectrum is mainly based on the difference of trans-trans fatty acid content in the meat and bone meal of the ruminant. The Raman spectrum is mainly based on the saturation/ non-saturation of the fatty acid and the difference of the cis (cis) fatty acid content.
【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S816

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