生姜、八角和丹参对莱芜黑猪生产性能、胴体品质和抗氧化性能的影响
发布时间：2019-03-09 18:18
【摘要】：为了弄清生姜、八角和丹参对莱芜黑猪生产性能、养分利用率、胴体品质、抗氧化性能和肠道发育的影响。本课题选断奶后70 d莱芜黑猪24头,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复。对照组饲喂基础日粮(CTR),试验组在基础日粮的基础上分别添加10 g/kg生姜(GIN)、5 g/kg八角(SA)和10 g/kg丹参(DS)。试验分三个阶段:生长前期(15~30 kg)、生长后期(30~60 kg)和育肥期(60~90 kg)三个阶段。预试期7天,正式期161天。研究结果表明:日粮中添加生姜、八角和丹参对莱芜黑猪整个生长育肥期生产性能和生长期养分表观利用率均无显著影响,但八角和丹参可显著提高育肥期粗脂肪的表观利用率。与对照组相比,日粮中添加生姜、八角和丹参能提高莱芜黑猪的抗氧化水平(P0.05);提高背膘厚、背最长肌中粗蛋白和粗脂肪的含量(P0.05);能显著降低(P0.05)板油比例、背最长肌滴水损失、水分含量以及盲肠中大肠杆菌数;日粮中添加生姜可显著提高回肠和空肠中脂肪酶活性(P0.05);添加八角可显著提高(P0.05)皮厚和眼肌面积,提高回肠中胰蛋白酶活性(P0.05),降低盲肠中乳酸杆菌数(P0.05);添加丹参可显著提高(P0.05)屠宰率,降低(P0.05)血清中TCHO的含量和盲肠中大肠杆菌数;生姜和丹参显著提高了盲肠中好氧菌数(P0.05)。三种植物添加剂间相比,生姜显著降低了(P0.05)背最长肌的滴水损失;八角能显著提高(P0.05)皮厚和肌肉中粗蛋白的含量,降低盲肠中大肠杆菌数(P0.05);丹参能显著提高背膘厚和盲肠中乳酸杆菌数(P0.05),降低大肠杆菌数(P0.05)。综上所述,日粮中添加1.0%生姜、0.5%八角和1.0%丹参可不同程度的改善莱芜黑猪的胴体性状、肉品质和盲肠微生物区系,调节肌肉营养成分的再分配,提高机体抗氧化水平和肠道中消化酶的活性,促进莱芜黑猪的健康生长。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effects of ginger, octagon and salvia miltiorrhiza on growth performance, nutrient utilization rate, carcass quality, antioxidant performance and intestinal development of Laiwu black pig. Twenty-four Laiwu black pigs were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 6 duplications. The control group was fed with basal diet (CTR),. On the basis of basal diet, 10 g/kg ginger (GIN), 5 g/kg octagonal (SA) and 10 g/kg Salvia miltiorrhiza (DS). Were added to the trial group, respectively. The experiment was divided into three stages: early growth stage (15 ~ 30 kg), growth anaphase (30 ~ 60 kg) and fattening stage (60 ~ 90 kg). The pre-test period is 7 days and the formal period is 161 days. The results showed that there were no significant effects on the growth performance and apparent nutrient utilization rate of Laiwu Black Pig during the whole growth and finishing period with the addition of ginger in the diet, and there were no significant effects on the growth performance of Laiwu Black Pig. But octagonal and salvia miltiorrhiza could significantly improve the apparent utilization rate of crude fat during fattening. Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with ginger, octagon and salvia miltiorrhiza can improve the antioxidant level of Laiwu black pig (P0.05), increase the backfat thickness, the content of crude protein and crude fat in the longissimus dorsi muscle (P0.05). Could significantly reduce (P0.05) plate oil ratio, the longest back muscle drop loss, water content and the number of Escherichia coli in the cecum; diet supplemented with ginger significantly increased lipase activity in ileum and jejunum (P0.05); Addition of octagon significantly increased skin thickness and eye muscle area, increased trypsin activity in ileum (P0.05), and decreased the number of lactic acid bacilli in cecum (P0.05). Addition of Salvia miltiorrhiza could significantly increase (P0.05) slaughter rate, decrease (P0.05) the content of serum TCHO and the number of Escherichia coli in cecum, ginger and salvia miltiorrhiza significantly increased the number of aerobic bacteria in cecum (P0.05). Among the three plant additives, ginger significantly reduced (P0.05) the water loss of the longest back muscle, octagon significantly increased skin thickness and muscle crude protein content, decreased the number of coliform bacteria in the cecum (P0.05); Salvia miltiorrhiza significantly increased backfat thickness and the number of lactic acid bacilli in cecum (P0.05), decreased coliform bacteria (P0.05). In conclusion, 1.0% ginger, 0.5% octagon and 1.0% salvia miltiorrhiza can improve carcass traits, meat quality and caecum microflora of Laiwu Black pigs in varying degrees, and regulate the redistribution of muscle nutrients. In order to promote the healthy growth of Laiwu black pig, the antioxidant level and digestive enzyme activity in intestinal tract were increased.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
本文编号：2437737
[Abstract]:In order to understand the effects of ginger, octagon and salvia miltiorrhiza on growth performance, nutrient utilization rate, carcass quality, antioxidant performance and intestinal development of Laiwu black pig. Twenty-four Laiwu black pigs were randomly divided into 4 treatments, each with 6 duplications. The control group was fed with basal diet (CTR),. On the basis of basal diet, 10 g/kg ginger (GIN), 5 g/kg octagonal (SA) and 10 g/kg Salvia miltiorrhiza (DS). Were added to the trial group, respectively. The experiment was divided into three stages: early growth stage (15 ~ 30 kg), growth anaphase (30 ~ 60 kg) and fattening stage (60 ~ 90 kg). The pre-test period is 7 days and the formal period is 161 days. The results showed that there were no significant effects on the growth performance and apparent nutrient utilization rate of Laiwu Black Pig during the whole growth and finishing period with the addition of ginger in the diet, and there were no significant effects on the growth performance of Laiwu Black Pig. But octagonal and salvia miltiorrhiza could significantly improve the apparent utilization rate of crude fat during fattening. Compared with the control group, diet supplemented with ginger, octagon and salvia miltiorrhiza can improve the antioxidant level of Laiwu black pig (P0.05), increase the backfat thickness, the content of crude protein and crude fat in the longissimus dorsi muscle (P0.05). Could significantly reduce (P0.05) plate oil ratio, the longest back muscle drop loss, water content and the number of Escherichia coli in the cecum; diet supplemented with ginger significantly increased lipase activity in ileum and jejunum (P0.05); Addition of octagon significantly increased skin thickness and eye muscle area, increased trypsin activity in ileum (P0.05), and decreased the number of lactic acid bacilli in cecum (P0.05). Addition of Salvia miltiorrhiza could significantly increase (P0.05) slaughter rate, decrease (P0.05) the content of serum TCHO and the number of Escherichia coli in cecum, ginger and salvia miltiorrhiza significantly increased the number of aerobic bacteria in cecum (P0.05). Among the three plant additives, ginger significantly reduced (P0.05) the water loss of the longest back muscle, octagon significantly increased skin thickness and muscle crude protein content, decreased the number of coliform bacteria in the cecum (P0.05); Salvia miltiorrhiza significantly increased backfat thickness and the number of lactic acid bacilli in cecum (P0.05), decreased coliform bacteria (P0.05). In conclusion, 1.0% ginger, 0.5% octagon and 1.0% salvia miltiorrhiza can improve carcass traits, meat quality and caecum microflora of Laiwu Black pigs in varying degrees, and regulate the redistribution of muscle nutrients. In order to promote the healthy growth of Laiwu black pig, the antioxidant level and digestive enzyme activity in intestinal tract were increased.
【学位授予单位】：山东农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S828.5
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