布鲁氏菌病弱毒活疫苗经不同黏膜途径免疫奶牛的排菌程度及免疫反应

发布时间：2019-04-17 05:20

【摘要】：为探究布鲁氏菌病疫苗经不同黏膜途径免疫奶牛后对体液免疫与细胞免疫水平及疫苗体外排菌方面的影响,将80头10~12月龄的奶牛平均分为四组,通过眼部滴注(A组)、口腔喷注(B组)、阴道灌注(C组)三种黏膜免疫途径对奶牛接种布鲁氏菌病弱毒活疫苗(A19株),并与皮下注射免疫组(D组)进行比较,测定了免疫后7 d内黏膜免疫组的排菌情况,180 d内四组免疫奶牛的抗体效价和60 d内四组免疫奶牛的外周血淋巴细胞细胞因子分泌(IFN-γ、IL-2和IL-4)水平。结果显示:黏膜免疫组在免疫后5 d内均有不同程度的排菌,以免疫后1 d内排菌量为最高,并且在黏膜免疫组中阴道灌注组排菌量最低;各组奶牛在免疫后20 d时MSAT测定抗体效价平均值均上升至最高,之后持续下降,黏膜免疫组的抗体水平显著低于注射免疫组,且在黏膜免疫组中阴道灌注组的抗体水平最高;A组和B组奶牛在免疫后120 d RBT检测无阳性,C组在免疫后150 d RBT检测无阳性,D组在免疫后180 d RBT检测阳性率35%;B组、C组在免疫后7 d,A组、D组在免疫后20 d IFN-γ分泌量达到最高值,各组IL-2和IL-4分泌量未见明显变化,黏膜免疫组中阴道免疫组的IFN-γ分泌量为最高,仅次于注射免疫。结果表明,阴道灌注是一种较优的奶牛布鲁氏菌病黏膜免疫方式。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the effect of brucellosis vaccine on humoral immunity and cellular immunity in dairy cows after immunization with different mucosal routes, 80 cows aged 10 to 12 months were divided into four groups on average (group A). Oral injection (group B) and vaginal infusion (group C) were used to vaccinate cows with live attenuated brucellosis vaccine (A19 strain) and compared with subcutaneous injection group (group D). The excretion of bacteria in the mucosal immunization group within 7 days after immunization was measured. The antibody titers of the four groups of immunized cows and the levels of IFN- 纬, IL-2 and IL-4 in peripheral blood of the four groups of immunized cows within 60 days were determined. The results showed that in the mucosal immunization group, there were different degrees of bacteria excretion within 5 days after immunization, which was the highest in the first day after immunization, and the lowest in the mucosal immunization group in the vaginal perfusion group. The number of bacteria in the mucosal immunization group was significantly higher than that in the control group (P < 0.05). On the 20th day after immunization, the average titer of antibody determined by MSAT in all groups increased to the highest, and then decreased continuously. The antibody level in mucosal immunization group was significantly lower than that in injection immunization group, and the antibody level in vaginal perfusion group was the highest in mucosal immunization group. The positive rate of RBT in group A and B was not positive at 120d, that in group C was not positive at 150d, and the positive rate of RBT in group D was 35% on the 180th day after immunization. On the 7th day after immunization, the secretion of IFN- 纬 in group A and D reached the highest level, and the secretion of IL-2 and IL-4 did not change significantly in group B, group C and group D. The secretion of IFN- 纬 in group B, group C was the highest in group A and group D at the 20th day after immunization, and the secretion of IFN- 纬 in group A and group D was the highest in the mucosal immunization group. It is second only to injection immunization. The results showed that vaginal perfusion was an optimal mucosal immune mode for brucellosis in dairy cows.
【作者单位】：中国兽医药品监察所;北京农学院;现代牧业;山东农业科学院奶牛中心;
【基金】：北京市科技计划(Z161100000616009) 北京市科技新星计划(Z141107001814013)
【分类号】：S858.23

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