内蒙古阿拉善骆驼盘尾丝虫病流行地区水生双翅目昆虫种类研究

发布时间：2019-04-25 07:03

【摘要】：为了解内蒙古阿拉善地区骆驼生活环境水生双翅目昆虫的种类及分布,探讨不同水生双翅目昆虫作为骆驼福斯盘尾丝虫(Onchocerca fasciata)中间宿主的可能性,并通过分子分类学水平了解水生双翅目昆虫种间相互关系,作者于2014年间,对内蒙古阿拉善荒漠化草原地区骆驼生活环境中水生双翅目昆虫进行了采集和调查；并首先应用传统形态学分类方法对其种属进行了鉴定,之后提取昆虫全基因组DNA,利用通用引物(LCO1490、 HC02198)扩增其各自的COI基因序列,并进行克隆及测序,最后用DNASTAR生物软件对序列进行同源性比较和分析,建立分子系统发育树。形态学鉴定结果表明,共获得水生双翅目昆虫21科42属49种,其中有6个未定种。在已确定的水生双翅目昆虫中,有18种为内蒙古新记录种。在内蒙古阿拉善左旗荒漠化草原地区的骆驼生活环境中,蛋形拟突摇蚊(Paracladius ovatus)为水生双翅目昆虫优势种,占该地区水生双翅目昆虫总数的12.92%。统计数据显示,在水生双翅目昆虫中,芒角亚目(ARISTOCERA)占比为45.22%；长角亚目(NEMATOCERA)占比为42.89%；短角亚目(BRACHYCERA)占比为11.89%。蓝裸颜水蝇(Psilephydra cyanoprosopa)、蛋形拟突摇蚊(Paracladius ovatus)和石门台行脉长足虻(Gymnopternus shimentaiensis)分别是芒角亚目、长角亚目和短角亚目中的优势种。分子分类学研究显示,12种水生双翅目昆虫的COI序列同源性在75.9%～97.3%之间。不同科之间大部分水生双翅目昆虫差异显著,科内不同属间差异也较明显。通过上述研究,基本上掌握了内蒙古骆驼生活环境水生双翅目昆虫的类别,为后期骆驼福斯盘尾丝虫病传播媒介种属的确定提供了重要的基础数据；也为了解各水生双翅目昆虫之间的亲缘关系和系统发育进化情况,奠定了必要的基础。
[Abstract]:In order to understand the species and distribution of aquatic Diptera insects in the living environment of camel in Alashan area of Inner Mongolia, the possibility of different aquatic Diptera insects acting as the intermediate host of (Onchocerca fasciata) was discussed. Based on the molecular taxonomic level, the authors collected and investigated the aquatic Diptera insects in the living environment of camel in Alashan grassland, Inner Mongolia, in 2014 through the understanding of the interspecific relationship between the aquatic Diptera insects and the aquatic Diptera insects in the desert steppe area of Alashan, Inner Mongolia. At first, the species and genera were identified by traditional morphological classification method, and then the whole genome DNA, of insects was extracted and their COI gene sequences were amplified by universal primers (LCO1490, HC02198), cloned and sequenced. Finally, DNASTAR biological software was used to compare and analyze the homology of the sequences, and the phylogenetic tree was established. The results of morphological identification showed that 49 species belonging to 42 genera, 21 families were obtained, among which 6 undetermined species were obtained. Among the identified aquatic Diptera, 18 species are newly recorded in Inner Mongolia. In the living environment of camels in Alashan Zuo Banner, Inner Mongolia, (Paracladius ovatus) is the dominant species of aquatic Diptera, accounting for 12.92% of the total number of aquatic Diptera insects in this area. The statistical data showed that the percentage of (ARISTOCERA), (NEMATOCERA) and (BRACHYCERA) in aquatic Diptera was 45.22%, 42.89% and 11.89%, respectively. The blue naked water fly (Psilephydra cyanoprosopa), egg-shaped quasitilus (Paracladius ovatus) and Shimentai (Gymnopternus shimentaiensis) are the dominant species of the suborder Mengkorya, the suborder of long-hornae and the suborder of short-horned suborder, respectively. Molecular taxonomic studies showed that the COI sequence homology of 12 species of aquatic Diptera was 75.9% / 97.3%. There were significant differences in most aquatic Diptera insects among different families, as well as among different genera in Kone. Based on the above studies, the classification of aquatic Diptera insects in the living environment of camel in Inner Mongolia was basically mastered, which provided important basic data for the determination of the vector genus of Cercoscysticercosis in the later stage of camel. It also laid a necessary foundation for understanding the phylogenetic relationship and phylogeny of the aquatic Diptera insects.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S858.24;Q969

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