猪内源氨产生机制及其营养调控措施

发布时间：2019-05-15 08:40

【摘要】：猪内源氨产生过量对动物危害甚大,能引发多种炎症、抑制生长性能、降低免疫力、造成贫血和组织缺氧、丧失食欲,同时还能产生严重的环境污染。全面了解猪内源氨产生机制,并采取相应的营养调控减排措施从根本上减少氨的排放,对动物健康有着重要的意义。本文首先阐述了饲粮蛋白质降解产氨机制、肠道微生物产氨机制和谷氨酰胺的脱酰氨基作用产氨机制;然后从氨在肝脏和血液中循环过程解释其在体内的代谢过程;最后综述了目前国内外有关猪内源氨的营养调控措施,包括降低饲粮蛋白质水平、添加植物提取物和益生菌,以期为减少环境中氨的浓度及提高猪的生长性能提供理论依据。
[Abstract]:Excessive production of intracellular ammonia in pigs is very harmful to animals, can cause a variety of inflammation, inhibit growth performance, reduce immunity, cause anemia and tissue hypoxia, loss of appetite, but also produce serious environmental pollution. It is of great significance for animal health to fully understand the mechanism of ammonia production in pigs and to take corresponding nutrition control and emission reduction measures to fundamentally reduce ammonia emissions. In this paper, the mechanism of ammonia production by dietary protein degradation, the mechanism of ammonia production by intestinal microorganisms and the mechanism of ammonia production by glutamine deacylation were described, and then the metabolic process of ammonia in vivo was explained from the circulation of ammonia in liver and blood. Finally, the nutritional control measures of intracellular ammonia in pigs at home and abroad were reviewed, including reducing dietary protein level, adding plant extract and probiotics, in order to provide theoretical basis for reducing the concentration of ammonia in the environment and improving the growth performance of pigs.
【作者单位】：西南大学动物科技学院生物饲料与分子营养实验室;
【基金】：国家973重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB127303) 重庆市自然基金(cstc2016jcyj A1414) 国家948项目(2015Z74) 国家留学基金委西部计划(201508505170) 西南大学博士基金(SWU111002)
【分类号】：S828

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