短链酮酸对断奶仔猪和育肥猪生长及血清指标的影响

发布时间：2019-05-22 12:26

【摘要】：短链酮酸是动物机体代谢的中间产物,可以促进畜禽的生长。前期试验表明短链酮酸可以提高三黄鸡、AA肉鸡及育肥猪的采食和增重。本试验在前期研究基础上,进行两个试验:一、以断奶仔猪为试验动物,研究短链酮酸对断奶仔猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响,确定其在断奶仔猪日粮中的适宜添加量。二、以育肥猪为试验动物,研究不同时间添加短链酮酸对育肥猪生长性能和血清生化指标的影响。为短链酮酸在畜牧生产上应用提供理论依据和应用参数。试验一、短链酮酸对断奶仔猪生长及血清指标的影响选取健康、体重相近的30日龄长×大二元杂交断奶仔猪180头,分为3组,每组3个重复,每个重复20头猪,各组公母猪比例一致,试验期50d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,两个试验组分别在日粮中添加0.3%和0.4%的短链酮酸产品。分别于试验第1d和第50d早晨对断奶仔猪空腹称重,以重复为单位统计各阶段的耗料量,并计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。试验结束时空腹采血,用于测定血清指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,两个试验组断奶仔猪血清球蛋白和高密度脂蛋白含量升高,尿素氮含量降低;0.4%短链酮酸组血清低密度脂蛋白和总胆固醇含量显著高于对照组(P0.05);另外,短链酮酸还具有提高断奶仔猪血清免疫球蛋白含量的趋势;但短链酮酸对断奶仔猪生长性能无显著影响。综上所述,短链酮酸能够改善断奶仔猪血清指标和免疫指标,本试验条件下以日粮添加0.4%短链酮酸较为适宜。试验二、不同时间添加短链酮酸对育肥猪生长及血清指标的影响选取健康、体重相近的100日龄长×大二元杂育肥猪264头,分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复22头猪,各组公母猪比例一致,试验期60d。对照组饲喂基础日粮,三个试验组在日粮中添加0.4%的短链酮酸产品,分别于试验第1、21和41d开始饲喂。在试验第1d和第61d早晨对育肥猪空腹称重,以重复为单位统计各阶段的耗料量,并计算平均日增重、平均日采食量和料重比。试验结束时空腹采血,用于测定血清指标。结果表明:与对照组相比,第1、21和41d添加组平均日增重分别提高9.61%(P0.05)、10.13%(P0.05)和3.12%(P0.05),平均日采食量分别提高4.95%(P0.05)、6.20%(P0.05)和5.32%(P0.05);另外,第1d添加组和第21d添加组血清白蛋白、高密度脂蛋白、游离三碘甲腺原氨酸和游离四碘甲腺原氨酸含量具有升高的趋势。综上所述,短链酮酸可以促进育肥猪采食,提高其增重和饲料转化效率,同时对甲状腺激素分泌具有一定的促进作用;本试验条件下,第21d添加组达到了全期添加的促长效果,减少了短链酮酸的饲喂时间,使饲料成本降低,不同时间饲喂以该组效果较好。
[Abstract]:Short chain ketoacid is the intermediate product of animal metabolism, which can promote the growth of livestock and poultry. Previous experiments showed that short chain ketoacid could improve the feed intake and weight gain of Sanhuang chicken, AA broilers and fattening pigs. On the basis of the previous study, two experiments were carried out: first, the effects of short chain ketoacid on the growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of weanling piglets were studied, and the suitable addition amount in the diet of weanling piglets was determined. Second, using fattening pigs as experimental animals, the effects of adding short chain ketoacid at different time on growth performance and serum biochemical indexes of fattening pigs were studied. It provides theoretical basis and application parameters for the application of short chain ketoacid in livestock production. Experiment 1. Effects of short chain ketoacid on growth and serum indexes of weanling piglets 180 weanling piglets of 30 days old 脳 big binary hybrid weanling with similar body weight were divided into 3 groups with 3 repeats in each group and 20 pigs in each group. The proportion of sows in each group was the same, and the experimental period was 50 days. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the two groups were fed with 0.3% and 0.4% short chain ketoacid products, respectively. The weanling piglets were weighed on an empty stomach on the morning of the first and 50th day of the experiment, and the feed consumption of each stage was counted by repetition, and the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio were calculated. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected on an empty stomach for the determination of serum indexes. The results showed that compared with the control group, the contents of serum globulin and high density lipoprotein increased and the content of urea nitrogen decreased in the weanling piglets of the two groups. The contents of serum low density lipoprotein and total cholesterol in 0.4% short chain ketoacid group were significantly higher than those in control group (P 0.05). In addition, short chain ketoacid also had the trend of increasing serum immunoglobulin content in weanling piglets. However, short chain ketoacid had no significant effect on the growth performance of weanling piglets. In conclusion, short chain ketoacid can improve the serum index and immune index of weanling piglets, and it is more suitable to add 0.4% short chain ketoacid to diet under the condition of this experiment. In experiment 2, the effects of adding short chain ketoacid at different time on the growth and serum indexes of fattening pigs were divided into 4 groups with 3 repeats in each group, 22 pigs in each group. The proportion of sows in each group was the same, the experimental period was 60 days. The control group was fed with basic diet, and the three trial groups were fed with 0.4% short chain ketoacid products on the 1st, 21st and 41st day of the trial, respectively. On the morning of the 1st and 61st day of the experiment, the fattening pigs were weighed on an empty stomach, and the feed consumption of each stage was counted by repetition, and the average daily gain, average daily feed intake and feed weight ratio were calculated. At the end of the experiment, blood was collected on an empty stomach for the determination of serum indexes. The results showed that compared with the control group, the average daily gain of the treatment group increased by 9.61% (P05), 10.13% (P05) and 3.12% (P05) on the 1st, 21st and 41d, respectively. The average daily feed intake increased by 4.95% (P05), 6.20% (P05) and 5.32% (P05), respectively. In addition, the contents of serum albumin, high density lipoprotein, free triiodothyronine and free tetraiodothyronine increased in the 1st and 21th day groups. To sum up, short chain ketoacid can promote the feeding of fattening pigs, improve its weight gain and feed conversion efficiency, and promote thyroid hormone secretion to a certain extent. Under the condition of this experiment, the 21th day addition group achieved the effect of promoting the growth of the whole period, reduced the feeding time of short chain ketoacid, and reduced the feed cost, and the effect of this group was better at different time.
【学位授予单位】：东北农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：S828.5

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