鸡PRLR基因和VIP基因的多态性研究及其与蛋用性状的关联分析
发布时间：2019-06-06 10:45
【摘要】：我国有丰富的地方鸡遗传资源,然而我国大多数地方品种鸡的繁殖性能普遍较低,尤其是产蛋性能差,密切影响到优质鸡养殖业的发展。但繁殖性状属于低遗传力性状,常规育种方法并不理想。随着大量分子标记技术和多种检测手段的发展,使得分子标记辅助选择(MAS)得到了快速发展与应用,为低遗传力性状的改良提供了新的方法。催乳素受体(prolactin receptor, PRLR)是影响禽类产蛋性能的关键因子催乳素(prolactin, PRL)的受体,血管活性肠肽(vasoactine intestinal peptide, VIP)是PRL的主要释放因子,两个基因都与PRL信号转导途径密切相关。本研究以浙江省余姚市神农牧业有限公司的四明香鸡B系为试验材料,对全群134天体重、65周体重和65周产蛋数和300天产蛋数进行了测定,选择鸡PRLR基因及VIP基因为产蛋性能及体重性状相关的候选基因,采用连接酶反应方法(ligase detection reaction, LDR)进行基因的多态性检测、SNP位点筛选和基因分型,并应用SAS统计软件分析了SNPs标记与鸡蛋用性状和体重性状的相关性,得到了以下主要结果：1.在四明香鸡B系鸡中发现PRLR基因存在4个多态性位点：SNP1(C11390G)、 SNP2 (A14952G)、SNP3 (A14969C)和SNP4 (A14984G);以及VIP基因中存在2个多态性位点：SNP5 (A-3458G) 和 SNP6 (C2099G)。2.连锁不平衡分析发现SNP2 (A14952G)、SNP3 (A14969C)、SNP4(A14984G)完全连锁。3.对鸡PRLR基因单位点遗传效应分析表明,SNP2/SNP3/SNP4位点多态性对300天产蛋数影响显著(P0.05),G/A/G基因型300天产蛋数显著高于A/C/A基因型7枚(P0.05); SNP1 (C11390G)位点多态性与鸡134天体重、65周体重、300天产蛋数和65周产蛋数均无显著关联(P0.05)。4.对VIP基因单位点遗传效应分析表明,A-3458G位点各基因型之间65周体重差异达到显著水平(P0.05),其中AG基因型65周体重比GG基因型重100g (P0.05); C2099G的多态性对各性状均无显著影响(P0.05)。5.对PRLR基因4个位点进行单倍型分析,共产生三种单倍型：H1 (CACA)、H2(GACA)和H3(CGAG)。遗传效应分析结果发现不同单倍型对300天产蛋数差异显著(P0.05),表现出H3H2H1的趋势,且H3基因型的300天产蛋数比H1基因型高7.33枚(P0.05)。表明PRLR基因中H3为优势单倍型,可作为提高鸡群产蛋性能潜在的分子标记。6.对鸡VIP基因A-3458G和C2099G位点进行联合基因型分析,共形成5种联合基因型。遗传效应分析发现,不同联合基因型的134天体重、65周体重、300天产蛋量、65周产蛋量均无显著差异(P0.05)。7.鸡群产蛋性状间的相关性分析表明,体重与产蛋量呈负相关,其中65周产蛋量与134天体重(P0.05)和65周体重(P0.05)呈负相关；134天体重和65周体重呈极显著的正相关,相关系数达到0.9129(P0.01)。
[Abstract]:There are abundant local chicken genetic resources in China, but most of China's local breeds have low reproductive performance, especially the poor laying performance, which closely affects the development of high-quality chicken breeding industry. But the reproductive traits are of low heritability, and the conventional breeding method is not ideal. With the development of a large number of molecular marker technology and multiple detection methods, the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been developed and applied rapidly, and a new method is provided for the improvement of the character of low heritability. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is the receptor of prolactin (PRL) that affects the egg-laying performance of poultry, and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is the main release factor of PRL. Both genes are closely related to the signal transduction pathway of PRL. A total of 134 days,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day egg-laying number were measured, and the candidate genes related to the egg-laying performance and body weight were selected for the whole group of 134-day body weight,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day laying number. Using the ligase reaction method (LDR) to detect the polymorphism of the gene, the SNP site selection and the genotyping, and using the SAS statistical software to analyze the correlation between the SNPs and the characters of the egg and the weight of the egg, the following main results were obtained:1. There were 4 polymorphisms in the PRLR gene in the four-Ming chicken B-line chicken: SNP1 (C11390G), SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C) and SNP4 (A14984G); and two polymorphic sites in the VIP gene: SNP5 (A-3458G) and SNP6 (C2099G). The linkage disequilibrium analysis found that SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C), SNP4 (A14984G) were completely linked. The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the PRLR gene of the chicken showed that the number of the SNP2/ SNP3/ SNP4 polymorphism on the egg number of 300 days was significant (P0.05), and the number of the G/ A/ G genotype 300 days was significantly higher than that of the A/ C/ A genotype (P0.05). There was no significant association between the polymorphism of SNP1 (C11390G) and the weight of chicken 134 days, body weight of 65 weeks, egg number of 300 days and laying number of 65 weeks (P0.05). The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the VIP gene showed that the body weight difference between the genotypes of the A-3458G locus was significantly higher than that of the GG genotype (P0.05), and the genetic polymorphism of the C2099G had no significant effect on the characters (P0.05). There are three haplotypes: H1 (CACA), H2 (GACA) and H3 (CGAG). The results of the analysis of the genetic effect showed that the number of the different haplotypes on the 300-day egg-laying was significant (P0.05), showing the trend of H3H2H1, and the number of the 300-day egg-laying of the H3 genotype was 7.33 (P0.05). It is indicated that H3 in the PRLR gene is the dominant haplotype and can be used as a potential molecular marker for improving the egg-laying performance of the chicken. A combination of genotype A-3458G and C2099G of chicken's VIP gene was carried out to form five combined genotypes. The genetic effect analysis found that there was no significant difference between the 134-day body weight, the 65-week body weight, the 300-day egg-laying and the 65-week egg-laying amount of the different combined genotypes (P0.05). The correlation between the egg-laying characters of the chicken group showed that the body weight was negatively correlated with the egg-laying amount, in which the egg-laying amount of 65 weeks was negatively correlated with the weight of 134 days (P0.05) and the weight of the 65-week body weight (P0.05), and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9129 (P0.01).
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831
本文编号：2494300
[Abstract]:There are abundant local chicken genetic resources in China, but most of China's local breeds have low reproductive performance, especially the poor laying performance, which closely affects the development of high-quality chicken breeding industry. But the reproductive traits are of low heritability, and the conventional breeding method is not ideal. With the development of a large number of molecular marker technology and multiple detection methods, the molecular marker-assisted selection (MAS) has been developed and applied rapidly, and a new method is provided for the improvement of the character of low heritability. Prolactin receptor (PRLR) is the receptor of prolactin (PRL) that affects the egg-laying performance of poultry, and the vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is the main release factor of PRL. Both genes are closely related to the signal transduction pathway of PRL. A total of 134 days,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day egg-laying number were measured, and the candidate genes related to the egg-laying performance and body weight were selected for the whole group of 134-day body weight,65-week weight and 65-week egg-laying number and 300-day laying number. Using the ligase reaction method (LDR) to detect the polymorphism of the gene, the SNP site selection and the genotyping, and using the SAS statistical software to analyze the correlation between the SNPs and the characters of the egg and the weight of the egg, the following main results were obtained:1. There were 4 polymorphisms in the PRLR gene in the four-Ming chicken B-line chicken: SNP1 (C11390G), SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C) and SNP4 (A14984G); and two polymorphic sites in the VIP gene: SNP5 (A-3458G) and SNP6 (C2099G). The linkage disequilibrium analysis found that SNP2 (A14952G), SNP3 (A14969C), SNP4 (A14984G) were completely linked. The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the PRLR gene of the chicken showed that the number of the SNP2/ SNP3/ SNP4 polymorphism on the egg number of 300 days was significant (P0.05), and the number of the G/ A/ G genotype 300 days was significantly higher than that of the A/ C/ A genotype (P0.05). There was no significant association between the polymorphism of SNP1 (C11390G) and the weight of chicken 134 days, body weight of 65 weeks, egg number of 300 days and laying number of 65 weeks (P0.05). The results of the genetic analysis of the unit point of the VIP gene showed that the body weight difference between the genotypes of the A-3458G locus was significantly higher than that of the GG genotype (P0.05), and the genetic polymorphism of the C2099G had no significant effect on the characters (P0.05). There are three haplotypes: H1 (CACA), H2 (GACA) and H3 (CGAG). The results of the analysis of the genetic effect showed that the number of the different haplotypes on the 300-day egg-laying was significant (P0.05), showing the trend of H3H2H1, and the number of the 300-day egg-laying of the H3 genotype was 7.33 (P0.05). It is indicated that H3 in the PRLR gene is the dominant haplotype and can be used as a potential molecular marker for improving the egg-laying performance of the chicken. A combination of genotype A-3458G and C2099G of chicken's VIP gene was carried out to form five combined genotypes. The genetic effect analysis found that there was no significant difference between the 134-day body weight, the 65-week body weight, the 300-day egg-laying and the 65-week egg-laying amount of the different combined genotypes (P0.05). The correlation between the egg-laying characters of the chicken group showed that the body weight was negatively correlated with the egg-laying amount, in which the egg-laying amount of 65 weeks was negatively correlated with the weight of 134 days (P0.05) and the weight of the 65-week body weight (P0.05), and the correlation coefficient reached 0.9129 (P0.01).
【学位授予单位】：浙江师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831
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