五华鸡肉用性能、血脂指标及脂肪候选基因表达规律研究
发布时间：2019-06-20 09:38
【摘要】：地方鸡遗传资源在肉用性能和肌肉品质方面存在差异,且受性别、日龄等因素影响;肌内脂肪(Intramuscular Fat,IMF)含量是重要的肉品性状,其沉积受多个基因调控。为探索五华鸡肉用性能和肌苷酸(Inosine Monophosphate,IMP)、IMF的沉积规律,以及肌内脂肪候选基因的表达规律,本试验选取同一批次于相同条件下饲养的健康公、母鸡各80只,分别在90、120、150、180日龄时各随机抽取10只,进行屠宰测定;取样测定胸、腿肌IMP含量、IMF含量和血脂指标;分析肌内脂肪候选基因L-FABP、A-FABP、FAS、APOB、PPAR-γ在肝脏、胸肌和腿肌组织的表达量,并分析其与肌内脂肪的相关性。研究结果如下:1.五华鸡的肉用性能90-120日龄,五华鸡活体重、屠体重、半净膛重、全净膛重、肌胃重以及公鸡胸肌重、腿肌重、心肌重、肝脏重无明显变化,150日龄时极显著增加(P0.01),180日龄时趋于稳定;母鸡胸肌重、腿肌重、心肌重、肝脏重120日龄后显著增加(P0.05);公鸡90日龄时腹脂平均重量为3.85g,120日龄时为5.85g,150日龄时为1.00g,180日龄时试验组均无可见腹脂;母鸡90日龄和120日龄时无可见腹脂,150和180日龄时腹脂平均重量分别37.70g和47.67g,差异不显著。四个阶段胸肌IMP含量差异均不显著;母鸡腿肌IMP含量120日龄后极显著增加(P0.01);公鸡腿肌IMP含量随着日龄的增长先上升后下降(P0.05),150日龄时达到峰值0.78mg/g。母鸡胸肌和腿肌IMF含量随日龄显著增加,150日龄后趋于稳定,胸肌各日龄间IMF含量差异均显著(P0.05),腿肌IMF各日龄间差异极显著(P0.01)。公鸡胸肌IMF含量随日龄无显著性变化;腿肌IMF含量随日龄显著性增加(P0.05),120日龄后无显著性变化。相同日龄时胸肌IMF和腿肌IMF含量在公母间差异均不显著;公鸡、母鸡均表现出腿肌IMF极显著高于胸肌(P0.01)。2.血脂指标变化规律及其与IMF相关性母鸡血清中极低密度脂蛋白(Very Low Density Lipoprotein,VLDL)浓度随日龄极显著增大(P0.01),180日龄时达到最大值194.79mg/ml;甘油三酯(Triglycerides,TG)浓度90和120日龄时无显著性变化,150日龄时显著上升(P0.05);血清中高密度脂蛋白(High Density Lipoprotein,HDL)、总胆固醇(Total Cholesterol,TC)、脂肪酸(FFA)浓度随日龄均无显著性变化。公鸡各日龄间血脂指标差异均未达到显著水平。各血脂指标在性别间的对比分析可得,90日龄时,母鸡血清中TC含量(2.75nmol/L)极显著低于(P0.01)公鸡(3.27nmol/L);120日龄后,母鸡各日龄VLDL含量均极显著高于(P0.01)公鸡;TG浓度在150日龄时(0.91nmol/L)和180日龄时(1.30nmol/L)显著高于公鸡(0.34nmol/L、0.30nmol/L);LDL含量(0.75nmol/L)极显著低于公鸡(1.35nmol/L)。公母之间其他各指标均无显著性差异。母鸡腿肌IMF与血清中LDL和TC呈显著负相关(R=-0.581,R=-0.433);公鸡胸肌与血清中LDL呈极显著的负相关(R=-0.576),与TC呈显著的负相关(R=-0.448)。母鸡胸肌和公鸡腿肌IMF与血清中各生化指标都无显著相关性。3.肌内脂肪代谢候选基因表达规律及相关性母鸡胸肌Apo-B、A-FABP表达量均随日龄显著性上升(P0.01),Apo-B表达量150日龄时达到峰值,A-FABP表达量120日龄时达到峰值;母鸡腿肌PPAR-γ和Apo-B表达量随日龄先上升后下降(P0.01),120日龄时达到峰值;母鸡肝脏FAS、Apo-B和L-FABP表达量均先上升后下降(P0.01),150日龄时达到峰值;公鸡Apo-B表达量随日龄极显著上升(P0.01),150日龄后不变。肝脏FAS、Apo-B、L-FABP,肌肉Apo-B、A-FABP、PPAR-γ表达的上调可促进五华鸡母鸡IMF的沉积。研究结果表明,可以通过血脂指标VLDL、HDL、TG等对五华鸡进行脂肪代谢的选育;肝脏FAS、Apo-B、肌肉Apo-B、A-FABP、PPAR-γ是调控五华鸡肌内脂肪代谢的重要基因。
[Abstract]:The genetic resources of local chicken are different in terms of meat performance and muscle quality, and are affected by the factors such as sex and age. The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important meat character, and its deposition is regulated by a plurality of genes. In order to study the performance of Wuhua chicken and the regulation of the deposition of Inosine Monophate (IMP) and the IMF, as well as the expression of the candidate genes of intramuscular fat, the healthy male and the hens fed under the same conditions were selected from the same batch, and 80 of the hens were randomly selected at the time of 90,120,150 and 180 days, respectively. The content of IMP, the content of the IMF and the index of blood lipid were determined by sampling, and the expression of L-FABP, A-FABP, FAS, APOB, PPAR-2 in the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle were analyzed and the correlation with the intramuscular fat was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows:1. The meat performance of the Wuhua chicken was 90-120 days, the body weight of the five Chinese chickens, the body weight, the half-net bore weight, the total clear bore weight, the muscle and stomach weight, the weight of the pectoral muscle of the rooster, the weight of the leg muscles, the weight of the myocardium and the weight of the liver. The average weight of the abdominal fat at the age of 90 days was 3.85 g, 5.85 g at the age of 120 and 1.00 g at the age of 150, and no abdominal fat was found in the test group at the age of 180 days. The average weight of the abdominal fat was 37.70 g and 47.67 g at the age of 90 and 120 days, and the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in the content of IMP in the four stages of the pectoral muscle, and the IMP content of the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased after the age of 120 days (P0.01); the IMP content of the leg of the rooster decreased with the increase of the age of the day (P0.05), and reached the peak of 0.78mg/ g at the age of 150 days. The IMF content of the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased at the age of 150 days, and the content of the IMF in the pectoral muscle was significantly different after the age of 150 days (P0.05). There was no significant change in the IMF content of the pectoral muscle of the rooster (P0.05), and there was no significant change after 120 days of age. The IMF and the IMF content of the pectoral muscles at the same age were not significant between the male and the female, and the rate of the IMF was significantly higher than that of the pectoral muscle (P 0.01). The changes of blood lipid index and the concentration of low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in serum with the IMF-related hens increased significantly with age (P0.01), and reached a maximum of 194.79 mg/ ml at the age of 180 days, and Triglycerides, The concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and fatty acid (FFA) in serum were not significantly changed at the age of 150 days. There was no significant difference in the index of blood lipid in each day of the rooster. The results showed that the content of TC (2.75 nmol/ L) in the serum of the hen was significantly lower than that of the rooster (3.27 nmol/ L) at the age of 90 days, and the content of VLDL at the age of 120 days was significantly higher than that of the rooster (P0.01). The TG concentration was significantly higher at 150 days (0.91 nmol/ L) and 180 days (1.30 nmol/ L) than in the rooster (0.34 nmol/ L, 0.30 nmol/ L), and the LDL content (0.75 nmol/ L) was significantly lower than that of the rooster (1.35 nmol/ L). There was no significant difference in other indexes between the male and female. There was a significant negative correlation between the IMF and the serum LDL and TC (R =-0.581, R =-0.433), and there was a significant negative correlation between the pectoral muscle of the rooster and the serum of the serum (R =-0.576), and a significant negative correlation with the TC (R =-0.448). There was no significant correlation between the IMF and the biochemical indexes in the pectoral muscle of the hen and the leg of the rooster. The expression of the candidate gene of intramuscular fat metabolism and the expression of Apo-B and A-FABP in the pectoral muscle of the hens increased significantly with the age of day (P0.01). The expression of Apo-B reached the peak at the age of 150 days, and the expression of A-FABP reached the peak at the age of 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and Apo-B in the legs of the hen's legs decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and L-FABP in the liver of the hens decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at the age of 150 days. The expression of Apo-B in the rooster increased significantly with the age of the day (P0.01), and the expression of Apo-B in the rooster was unchanged after the age of 150 days. Up-regulation of the expression of FAS, Apo-B, L-FABP, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-FABP in the liver can promote the IMF's deposition. The results show that the fat metabolism of Wuhua chicken can be selected by the blood lipid index VLDL, HDL, TG and the like; the liver FAS, Apo-B, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-B are important genes for regulating the intramuscular fat metabolism of the Wuhua chicken.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831
本文编号：2503117
[Abstract]:The genetic resources of local chicken are different in terms of meat performance and muscle quality, and are affected by the factors such as sex and age. The content of intramuscular fat (IMF) is an important meat character, and its deposition is regulated by a plurality of genes. In order to study the performance of Wuhua chicken and the regulation of the deposition of Inosine Monophate (IMP) and the IMF, as well as the expression of the candidate genes of intramuscular fat, the healthy male and the hens fed under the same conditions were selected from the same batch, and 80 of the hens were randomly selected at the time of 90,120,150 and 180 days, respectively. The content of IMP, the content of the IMF and the index of blood lipid were determined by sampling, and the expression of L-FABP, A-FABP, FAS, APOB, PPAR-2 in the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the liver, the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle were analyzed and the correlation with the intramuscular fat was analyzed. The results of the study are as follows:1. The meat performance of the Wuhua chicken was 90-120 days, the body weight of the five Chinese chickens, the body weight, the half-net bore weight, the total clear bore weight, the muscle and stomach weight, the weight of the pectoral muscle of the rooster, the weight of the leg muscles, the weight of the myocardium and the weight of the liver. The average weight of the abdominal fat at the age of 90 days was 3.85 g, 5.85 g at the age of 120 and 1.00 g at the age of 150, and no abdominal fat was found in the test group at the age of 180 days. The average weight of the abdominal fat was 37.70 g and 47.67 g at the age of 90 and 120 days, and the difference was not significant. There was no significant difference in the content of IMP in the four stages of the pectoral muscle, and the IMP content of the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased after the age of 120 days (P0.01); the IMP content of the leg of the rooster decreased with the increase of the age of the day (P0.05), and reached the peak of 0.78mg/ g at the age of 150 days. The IMF content of the pectoral muscle and the leg muscle of the hen was significantly increased at the age of 150 days, and the content of the IMF in the pectoral muscle was significantly different after the age of 150 days (P0.05). There was no significant change in the IMF content of the pectoral muscle of the rooster (P0.05), and there was no significant change after 120 days of age. The IMF and the IMF content of the pectoral muscles at the same age were not significant between the male and the female, and the rate of the IMF was significantly higher than that of the pectoral muscle (P 0.01). The changes of blood lipid index and the concentration of low density lipoprotein (VLDL) in serum with the IMF-related hens increased significantly with age (P0.01), and reached a maximum of 194.79 mg/ ml at the age of 180 days, and Triglycerides, The concentrations of high density lipoprotein (HDL), total cholesterol (TC) and fatty acid (FFA) in serum were not significantly changed at the age of 150 days. There was no significant difference in the index of blood lipid in each day of the rooster. The results showed that the content of TC (2.75 nmol/ L) in the serum of the hen was significantly lower than that of the rooster (3.27 nmol/ L) at the age of 90 days, and the content of VLDL at the age of 120 days was significantly higher than that of the rooster (P0.01). The TG concentration was significantly higher at 150 days (0.91 nmol/ L) and 180 days (1.30 nmol/ L) than in the rooster (0.34 nmol/ L, 0.30 nmol/ L), and the LDL content (0.75 nmol/ L) was significantly lower than that of the rooster (1.35 nmol/ L). There was no significant difference in other indexes between the male and female. There was a significant negative correlation between the IMF and the serum LDL and TC (R =-0.581, R =-0.433), and there was a significant negative correlation between the pectoral muscle of the rooster and the serum of the serum (R =-0.576), and a significant negative correlation with the TC (R =-0.448). There was no significant correlation between the IMF and the biochemical indexes in the pectoral muscle of the hen and the leg of the rooster. The expression of the candidate gene of intramuscular fat metabolism and the expression of Apo-B and A-FABP in the pectoral muscle of the hens increased significantly with the age of day (P0.01). The expression of Apo-B reached the peak at the age of 150 days, and the expression of A-FABP reached the peak at the age of 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and Apo-B in the legs of the hen's legs decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at 120 days. The expression of PPAR-B and L-FABP in the liver of the hens decreased (P0.01) and reached the peak at the age of 150 days. The expression of Apo-B in the rooster increased significantly with the age of the day (P0.01), and the expression of Apo-B in the rooster was unchanged after the age of 150 days. Up-regulation of the expression of FAS, Apo-B, L-FABP, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-FABP in the liver can promote the IMF's deposition. The results show that the fat metabolism of Wuhua chicken can be selected by the blood lipid index VLDL, HDL, TG and the like; the liver FAS, Apo-B, muscle Apo-B, A-FABP and PPAR-B are important genes for regulating the intramuscular fat metabolism of the Wuhua chicken.
【学位授予单位】：安徽农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：S831
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