枯草芽孢杆菌联合苜蓿多糖对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血液指标及粪和肠道微生物区系的影响

发布时间：2019-06-20 21:55

【摘要】：本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联用对蛋鸡生产性能、蛋品质、血液指标及粪和肠道微生物区系的影响,并观察枯草芽孢杆菌联合苜蓿多糖相较于枯草芽孢杆菌单独使用是否具有更优的效果。试验选用288只27周龄健康海兰褐蛋鸡随机分为4个组,每组6个重复,每个重复12只鸡。1组为对照组,饲喂基础饲粮;2~4组分别在基础饲粮中添加1.0×10~7CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌、1.0×10~7CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌+250 mg/kg苜蓿多糖、1.0×10~7CFU/g枯草芽孢杆菌+4 000 mg/kg苜蓿多糖,试验期为24周。结果表明:1)各组间采食量、蛋重、只产蛋量及死淘率无显著差异(P0.05),但与对照组相比,3、4组第9~16周的产蛋率显著提高(P0.05),2、3、4组第9~16、17~24、1~24周的料蛋比显著降低(P0.05)。2)饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用对蛋壳颜色、蛋壳厚度、蛋壳强度、蛋形指数、蛋白高度和哈夫单位无显著改善作用(P0.05),但显著提高第1、2、4、12周蛋黄颜色(P0.05)。3)饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用对第2、3、4、12、16、20周血清葡萄糖和第2、3、8、12、20周血清尿素含量有显著改善作用(P0.05),且3组第2、3、4、8周和4组第3、4、8、20周血清葡萄糖含量显著高于2组(P0.05);饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用显著提高血液白细胞、淋巴细胞、中间细胞和中性粒细胞数目(P0.05),3组第1、3、4、8、12周和4组第3周中间细胞数目显著高于2组(P0.05),3组第1、3、4、8周和4组第1、3、8周组中性粒细胞数目显著高于2组(P0.05);饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用显著提高了第3、16、24周血小板数目(P0.05)。饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用显著提高血清第16周免疫球蛋白A,第1和4周免疫球蛋白G和第2、4、8周免疫球蛋白M含量(P0.05),且3、4组优于试验2组(P0.05)。4)饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用显著降低了粪中大肠杆菌数量和盲肠大肠杆菌/乳酸菌值(P0.05),显著提高了空肠、回肠和盲肠双歧杆菌数量(P0.05)。综上,饲粮中添加枯草芽孢杆菌及其与苜蓿多糖联合使用能够改善蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质,降低粪和盲肠大肠杆菌数量,增加肠道双歧杆菌数量,且联合使用效果在改善血清生化指标、调节机体免疫功能方面较单独使用枯草芽孢杆菌有一定优势
[Abstract]:The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of Bacillus subtilis and its combination with Medicago subtilis on performance, egg quality, blood index and fecal and intestinal microbial flora of laying hens, and to observe whether Bacillus subtilis combined with Medicago subtilis alone has better effect than Bacillus subtilis alone. Twenty-eight 27-week-old healthy Hailan brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 repeats in each group, 12 chickens in each group. Group 1 was fed with basic diet, and group 2 was fed with 1.0 脳 10~7CFU/g Bacillus subtilis, 1.0 脳 10 ~ 7CFU/g Bacillus subtilis 250 mg/kg polysaccharide and 1.0 脳 10 ~ 7CFU/g Bacillus subtilis 4 000 mg/kg respectively for 24 weeks. The results showed that: 1) there was no significant difference in feed intake, egg weight, egg production and death rate among the three groups (P 0.05), but compared with the control group, the egg laying rate in group 4 was significantly higher than that in the control group (P 0.05). The egg laying rate in group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 4 (P 0.05). 2) the egg shell color, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg shape index were significantly decreased after adding Bacillus subtilis and its combination with Medicago sativa polysaccharide to the diet (P 0.05), 2) the egg shell color, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength and egg shape index were significantly decreased in 2, 3, 4, 4 groups (P < 0.05). 2) the egg shell color, eggshell thickness, eggshell strength, egg shape index, Protein height and Hafu unit had no significant improvement (P 0.05), but significantly increased egg yolk color at 12 weeks (P 0.05). 3) adding Bacillus subtilis and its combined use with Medicago sativa polysaccharide significantly improved serum glucose and serum urea levels in groups 2, 4, 12, 20, 12 and 20 weeks (P 0.05), and groups 2, 3, 4, 8, 4 and 3, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 4, 8, the content of serum glucose in 20 weeks was significantly higher than that in the two groups (P 0.05). The number of leukocytes, lymphocytes, intermediate cells and neutrophils in group 3, 4, 8, 12 and 3 weeks was significantly higher than that in group 2 (P 0.05), and the number of neutrophils in group 3 was significantly higher than that in group 2 (P 0.05), and the number of neutrophils in group 3, group 4, group 8 and group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 2 at the 1st, 3rd, 8th week and 1st and 3rd week (P 0.05), and the number of neutrophils in group 3 and group 4 was significantly higher than that in group 2 (P 0.05). The addition of Bacillus subtilis and its combination with Medicago sativa polysaccharide significantly increased the platelet count at the 3rd and 16th weeks (P 0.05). The addition of Bacillus subtilis and its combination with Medicago sativa polysaccharide significantly increased the contents of immunoglobulin A in serum at the 16th week, immunoglobulin G and immunoglobulin G at the 1st and 4th week, and immunoglobulin M at the 8th week (P 0.05). And 3, 4) the addition of Bacillus subtilis and its combination with alfalfa polysaccharide significantly decreased the number of E. coli and cecal Escherichia coli / lactic acid bacteria in feces (P 0.05), and significantly increased the number of Bifidobacterium in Jejunum, ileum and cecum (P 0.05). In summary, the addition of Bacillus subtilis and its combined use with clover polysaccharide can improve the performance and egg quality of laying hens, reduce the number of fecal and cecal Escherichia coli and increase the number of Bifidobacterium in intestinal tract. The combined use of Bacillus subtilis has some advantages over Bacillus subtilis alone in improving serum biochemical indexes and regulating the immune function of the body.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所;
【基金】：“十二五”国家科技支撑计划课题(2013BAD10B04) 国家蛋鸡产业技术体系建设专项经费(CARS-41-K16) 中国农业科学院科技创新工程(ASTIP-IAS08)
【分类号】：S831.5

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