以玉米秸秆为粗料的绵羊日粮中添加多聚包被尿素以及膨润土的影响
发布时间：2021-07-15 19:02
本试验旨在研究以玉米秸秆为粗料的绵羊日粮中添加多聚物包被尿素以及膨润土对绵羊生产性能的影响。试验一：采用4只装有瘤胃瘘管的杜泊×小尾寒羊杂交羯羊,按照4×4拉丁方试验,研究以玉米秸秆为主的粗料型日粮中添加多聚物包被尿素（Optigen Ⅱ）以及膨润土对绵羊采食量、营养物质消化率、氮沉积、瘤胃发酵以及微生物蛋白质合成量的影响。试验羊只单栏独饲,每期试验持续24天,包括14天的适应期以及10天的采样期（第l到5天进行消化代谢试验,第6天羊只休息,第7天采瘤胃液,第8到10天进行尼龙袋试验）,消化代谢试验开始前4天将试验羊只上代谢笼进行环境适应。试验设计了4种等氮等能日粮,均含60%玉米秸秆和40%精料（干物质基础）。各处理间精料组成均不同：对照组（CON）包含大麦、麸皮和豆粕；多聚物包被尿素（PCU）组包含大麦、麸皮、玉米和Optigen;豆粕添加组（SB）在CON基础上额外补充2%的豆粕；多聚包被尿素-豆粕组（PCUSB）在PCU基础上额外补充2%的豆粕。试验数据按4×4拉丁方数据,使用SAS的MIXED模型（SAS,1999）进行方差分析。试验结果表明,PCU组的有机物（OM）表观消化...
【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】：116 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
CHAPTER Ⅰ Literature Reviews
1.1 Nutritive quality of corn stalk
1.2 Possible strategies to improve corn stalk utilization
1.2.1 Physical treatment
1.2.2 Chemical treatment
1.2.3 Biological methods
1.2.4 Enzymatic treatment
1.2.5 Feeding corn stalk supplemented with other components
1.3 Effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and protein supply on rumen fermentation
1.4 Utilization of urea by ruminants
1.5 Role of ammonia in ruminant's rumen
1.6 Urea recycling in ruminant
1.7 Disadvantages of Urea Utilization for Ruminants
1.8 Usage of new urea products (slow releasing urea) in ruminant's diets
1.8.1 Influence of slow releasing urea on feed consumption and digestibility
1.8.2 Influence of slow releasing urea on rumen fermentation
1.8.3 Influence of slow releasing urea on ruminal microbial protein synthesis
1.8.4 Influence of slow releasing urea on performance of feedlot animals
1.9 Optigen Ⅱ as a polymer coated Urea
1.10 Use of sodium bentonite in animal nutrition
1.10.1 Chemical composition of sodium bentonite
1.10.2 Effect of bentonite on DMI and digestibility in ruminants
1.10.3 Effect of bentonite on rumen fermentation
1.10.4 Effect of bentonite on growth performance
1.11 The key problem needed to address
1.12 Hypothsis
1.13 Objectives of the Project
CHAPTER Ⅱ Effects of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite onnutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yields in sheepfed high levels of corn stalk
Summary
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.2.1 Animals, diets, experimental design, and management
2.2.2 Sample Collection
2.2.3 Chemical analyses
2.2.4 Calculations and statistical analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Intake, Digestibility and Nitrogen Balance
2.3.2 Urinary purine derivatives
2.3.3 Ruminal fermentation characteristics
2.3.4 Rumen degradability
2.4 Discussion
2.4.1 The effect of polymer-coated urea (PCU)
2.4.2 The effect of sodium bentonite (SB)
2.4.3 The effect combination of PCU and SB
2.5 Chapter conclusion
CHAPTER Ⅲ Effect of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite ondigestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yield in sheep fed highlevels of concentrate, and corn stalk as basal roughage diet
Summary
3.1 Introduction
3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.2.1 Animals, diets, housing and experimental design
3.2.2 Sample Collection
3.2.3 Chemical analyses
3.2.4 Calculations and statistical analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Dry matter intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance
3.3.2 Urinary purine derivatives
3.3.3 Ruminal characteristics
3.3.4 Rumen degradability
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.4.1 The effect of polymer-coated urea(PCU)
3.4.2 The effect of Sodium bentonite(SB)
3.4.3 The combination effect of PCU and SB
3.5 CHAPTER CONCLUSION
CHAPTER Ⅳ Substitution of polymer coated urea for soybean meal on growthperformance and blood parameters in feedlot lambs fed corn stalk as basalroughages diet
Summary
4.1 Introduction
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Experimental design
4.2.2 Receiving and processing
4.2.3 Diets,feeding and sample collection
4.2.4 Slaughtering process
4.2.5 Carcass characteristics
4.2.6 Instrumental meat quality analyses
4.2.7 Blood metabolites
4.2.8 Laboratory analyses
4.2.9 Calculations and Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Dry matter intake and growth performance
4.3.2 Carcass characteristics
4.3.3 Meat quality
4.3.4 Blood metabolite parameters
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 DMI, Performance and carcass quality
4.4.2 Meat quality
4.4.3 Blood metabolite characteristics
CHAPTER CONCLUSION
GENERAL CONCLUSION
INNOATION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CV
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]纤维素复合酶在饲料中的作用及其应用的研究[J]. 王安. 东北农业大学学报. 1998(03)
本文编号：3286284
【文章来源】：中国农业科学院北京市
【文章页数】：116 页
【学位级别】：博士
【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
CHAPTER Ⅰ Literature Reviews
1.1 Nutritive quality of corn stalk
1.2 Possible strategies to improve corn stalk utilization
1.2.1 Physical treatment
1.2.2 Chemical treatment
1.2.3 Biological methods
1.2.4 Enzymatic treatment
1.2.5 Feeding corn stalk supplemented with other components
1.3 Effects of synchronization of carbohydrate and protein supply on rumen fermentation
1.4 Utilization of urea by ruminants
1.5 Role of ammonia in ruminant's rumen
1.6 Urea recycling in ruminant
1.7 Disadvantages of Urea Utilization for Ruminants
1.8 Usage of new urea products (slow releasing urea) in ruminant's diets
1.8.1 Influence of slow releasing urea on feed consumption and digestibility
1.8.2 Influence of slow releasing urea on rumen fermentation
1.8.3 Influence of slow releasing urea on ruminal microbial protein synthesis
1.8.4 Influence of slow releasing urea on performance of feedlot animals
1.9 Optigen Ⅱ as a polymer coated Urea
1.10 Use of sodium bentonite in animal nutrition
1.10.1 Chemical composition of sodium bentonite
1.10.2 Effect of bentonite on DMI and digestibility in ruminants
1.10.3 Effect of bentonite on rumen fermentation
1.10.4 Effect of bentonite on growth performance
1.11 The key problem needed to address
1.12 Hypothsis
1.13 Objectives of the Project
CHAPTER Ⅱ Effects of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite onnutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yields in sheepfed high levels of corn stalk
Summary
2.1 INTRODUCTION
2.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.2.1 Animals, diets, experimental design, and management
2.2.2 Sample Collection
2.2.3 Chemical analyses
2.2.4 Calculations and statistical analysis
2.3 RESULTS
2.3.1 Intake, Digestibility and Nitrogen Balance
2.3.2 Urinary purine derivatives
2.3.3 Ruminal fermentation characteristics
2.3.4 Rumen degradability
2.4 Discussion
2.4.1 The effect of polymer-coated urea (PCU)
2.4.2 The effect of sodium bentonite (SB)
2.4.3 The effect combination of PCU and SB
2.5 Chapter conclusion
CHAPTER Ⅲ Effect of dietary polymer coated urea and sodium bentonite ondigestibility, rumen fermentation, and microbial nitrogen yield in sheep fed highlevels of concentrate, and corn stalk as basal roughage diet
Summary
3.1 Introduction
3.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
3.2.1 Animals, diets, housing and experimental design
3.2.2 Sample Collection
3.2.3 Chemical analyses
3.2.4 Calculations and statistical analysis
3.3 RESULTS
3.3.1 Dry matter intake,digestibility and nitrogen balance
3.3.2 Urinary purine derivatives
3.3.3 Ruminal characteristics
3.3.4 Rumen degradability
3.4 DISCUSSION
3.4.1 The effect of polymer-coated urea(PCU)
3.4.2 The effect of Sodium bentonite(SB)
3.4.3 The combination effect of PCU and SB
3.5 CHAPTER CONCLUSION
CHAPTER Ⅳ Substitution of polymer coated urea for soybean meal on growthperformance and blood parameters in feedlot lambs fed corn stalk as basalroughages diet
Summary
4.1 Introduction
4.2 MATERIALS AND METHODS
4.2.1 Experimental design
4.2.2 Receiving and processing
4.2.3 Diets,feeding and sample collection
4.2.4 Slaughtering process
4.2.5 Carcass characteristics
4.2.6 Instrumental meat quality analyses
4.2.7 Blood metabolites
4.2.8 Laboratory analyses
4.2.9 Calculations and Statistical Analysis
4.3 RESULTS
4.3.1 Dry matter intake and growth performance
4.3.2 Carcass characteristics
4.3.3 Meat quality
4.3.4 Blood metabolite parameters
4.4 Discussion
4.4.1 DMI, Performance and carcass quality
4.4.2 Meat quality
4.4.3 Blood metabolite characteristics
CHAPTER CONCLUSION
GENERAL CONCLUSION
INNOATION
REFERENCES
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
CV
【参考文献】：
期刊论文
[1]纤维素复合酶在饲料中的作用及其应用的研究[J]. 王安. 东北农业大学学报. 1998(03)
本文编号：3286284
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