孕期健康教育对妊娠结局影响的研究

发布时间：2018-01-22 10:03

本文关键词： 孕妇健康教育妊娠结局　出处：《山西医科大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：研究目的:通过对接受孕期健康教育和未接受孕期健康教育两组孕妇的足月妊娠体重指数、并发症发生情况、分娩方式、产程时间、产后出血发生率、新生儿Apgar评分、巨大儿出生率及产后24小时母乳喂养率进行对比分析,评估孕期健康教育对妊娠结局的影响,为孕妇学校的开展提供有力依据,为增进母婴健康提供参考依据,保障孕妇健康及新生儿质量,实现安全分娩和优生优育。研究方法:选取山西医科大学第一医院2015年06月至2016年06月自愿接受孕妇学校健康教育且于我院住院分娩的符合入选标准的孕妇411例作为观察组,选取同时间段未接受孕期健康教育且于我院住院分娩的符合入选标准的孕妇406例作为对照组。入选标准为:(1)年龄为20-35岁;(2)身高为155-175cm;(3)分娩孕周为37-42周;(4)均为初产妇;(5)均为单胎、头位;(6)孕前无合并症及并发症;(7)受教育程度为初中及以上。排除标准为:精神障碍及脊柱畸形、骨盆畸形等患者。对两组孕妇的足月妊娠体重指数、并发症发生情况、分娩方式、产程时间、产后出血发生率、新生儿Apgar评分、巨大儿出生率及产后24小时母乳喂养率进行比较,评估孕妇接受孕期健康教育对妊娠结局的影响。结果:(1)两组孕妇足月妊娠体重指数比较接受健康教育组孕妇足月妊娠体重指数明低于未接受孕期健康教育组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)两组孕妇并发症发生情况比较接受孕期健康教育组孕妇发生贫血、妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠期高血压疾病的发生率明显低于未接受健康教育组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。(3)两组孕妇分娩方式情况比较接受健康教育组孕妇自然分娩率明显高于未接受健康教育组,阴道助产率及剖宫产率明显低于未接受健康教育组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。(4)两组孕妇剖宫产原因比较接受孕期健康教育组剖宫产孕妇中,无医学指征剖宫产(即社会因素剖宫产)发生率低于未接受孕期健康教育组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。(5)两组孕妇产程时间情况比较接受孕期健康教育组孕妇第一产程时间、第二产程时间及总产程时间均短于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(p0.05)。(6)两组新生儿情况比较接受孕期健康教育组新生儿apgar评分小于8分者占1.95%,未接受孕期健康教育组占3.16%,两组比较p0.05,无统计学意义;接受孕期健康教育组巨大儿占5.60%,未接受健康教育组巨大儿占8.27%,两组比较p0.05,无统计学意义。考虑可能与样本含量少有关,有待加大样本量进一步研究。(7)两组孕妇产后出血及产后24小时母乳喂养情况比较接受健康教育组孕妇产后出血发生率低于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。接受健康教育组孕妇产后24小时母乳喂养率明显高于对照组,两组比较差异有统计学意义(p0.05)。结论:接受孕期健康教育可以改善妊娠结局:1.通过孕期健康指导,可减少孕妇肥胖的发生,降低妊娠合并症及并症的发生。2.通过孕期健康教育可提高自然分娩率,降低剖宫产率,尤其是社会因素剖宫产。3.通过孕期健康教育能达到缩短产程,减少难产、助产及产后出血发生的目的。4.通过孕期健康教育可提高母乳喂养率。
[Abstract]:Objective: through the acceptance of health education during pregnancy and no pregnancy health education of two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy body mass index, incidence of complications, mode of delivery, labor time, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal Apgar score, postpartum 24 hours and the rate of breast feeding rate were analyzed macrosomia at birth, impact assessment of health education during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes of pregnant women, provide a strong basis for the school, and to provide evidence to improve maternal and child health, the health of pregnant women and neonatal quality guarantee, to achieve safe delivery and eugenics. Research methods: the first hospital of Shanxi Medical University from 2015 06 to 2016 06 months pregnant and voluntarily accept the school health education in our hospital the selected 411 cases of pregnant women as the observation group, select the same period of time did not receive health education during pregnancy and childbirth in our hospital with Choose the standard 406 cases of pregnant women as the control group. Inclusion criteria were: (1) age 20-35; (2) the height of 155-175cm; (3) delivery 37-42 weeks of pregnancy; (4) were primipara; (5) were singleton, head position; (6) pregnancy without complications complications; (7) education for junior high school and above. The exclusion criteria were: mental disorders and deformity of the spine, pelvic deformity patients. The two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy body mass index, incidence of complications, mode of delivery, labor time, postpartum hemorrhage, neonatal Apgar score, macrosomia birth rate and 24 hours postpartum breastfeeding rate were compared, to assess the effect of health education of pregnant women during pregnancy on pregnancy outcomes. Results: (1) the two groups of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy BMI compared to health education group of pregnant women of full-term pregnancy BMI than missed pregnancy Ming health education group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05) . (2) complications were compared between the two groups of pregnant women received health education during pregnancy pregnant women anemia, gestational diabetes, gestational hypertension disease incidence was significantly lower than that without health education group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). (3) the two groups of pregnant women to receive health education mode of delivery the rate of natural childbirth group of pregnant women was significantly higher than that in non health education group, the rate of vaginal delivery and cesarean section were significantly lower than that of non health education group, with significant differences between the two groups (P0.05). (4) the two groups of pregnant women for cesarean section because of more accepted health education during pregnancy cesarean section in pregnant women, without medical means cesarean section (social factors of cesarean section) and lower incidence of not receiving health education during pregnancy group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). (5) two groups of pregnant women in labor time compared with the pregnancy health education group. And the time of the first stage of labor, the second stage of labor time and the total labor time is shorter than the control group, with significant differences between the two groups (P0.05). (6) in two groups compared to accept health education during pregnancy group Apgar score less than 8 points accounted for 1.95%, non pregnancy health education group accounted for 3.16% the comparison between the two groups, P0.05, no statistical significance; prenatal health education group and macrosomia accounted for 5.60%, without health education group and macrosomia accounted for 8.27%, compared with two group P0.05, no statistical significance. Consideration may be less related to the sample content, to increase the sample size to further study. (7) two groups of pregnant women, postpartum hemorrhage and postpartum 24 hours of breastfeeding compared to health education group of pregnant women, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage was lower than the control group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). Health education group and 24 hours postpartum breastfeeding was significantly higher than that of control Group, there was significant difference between two groups (P0.05). Conclusion: health education can improve the pregnancy outcome in pregnancy: 1. through health education during pregnancy can reduce the occurrence of obesity in pregnant women, pregnancy complications and reduce the occurrence of.2. and disease through health education during pregnancy can improve the natural delivery rate, reduce the rate of cesarean section, especially is the social factors of cesarean section by.3. health education during pregnancy can shorten birth process, reduce dystocia, through health education during pregnancy can increase the breast-feeding rate of postpartum hemorrhage and.4. midwifery.

【学位授予单位】：山西医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R715.3

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