老年患者人工股骨头置换的三维有限元分析

发布时间：2018-10-16 20:00

【摘要】：目的对人工股骨头置换治疗的老年股骨转子间不稳定骨折有限元模型进行生物力学分析。方法对1名健康老年男性志愿者左侧股骨行螺旋CT断层扫描后将数据导入Mimics14.0软件得到股骨实体,获得左侧股骨转子间不稳定骨折模型。根据AML生物型假体及Muller骨水泥假体的设计参数,制作AML普通柄、加长柄及骨水泥柄模型,并植入骨折模型中模拟3种不同材料的人工股骨头置换术。将人工股骨头置换模型与正常股骨模型导入Ansys13.0软件中,对各部分材料赋值后加载负荷并作应力分析。结果正常股骨自近端至远端不断增加,并于中下段达到峰值。人工股骨头置换后并未改变股骨总体的应力趋势,同样是由近端到远端逐渐增加,应力集中部位为全长股骨中段,但股骨近端的受力小于正常股骨,同时股骨上最大等效应力增加。3种假体受力集中部位均为骨髓腔峡部与假体连接处,假体的最大等效应力相近;3种假体对股骨受力的影响趋势相同,但加长柄对股骨下端应力的改变小于普通柄,股骨的最大等效应力由高到低依次为加长柄、普通柄和骨水泥柄。结论人工股骨头置换术用于Tronzo-Evans IV型股骨转子间不稳定骨折可提高股骨的最大等效应力。
[Abstract]:Objective to analyze the finite element model of unstable femoral intertrochanteric fracture treated by artificial femoral head replacement. Methods the left femur of a healthy old man was scanned by spiral CT tomography and the data were transferred into Mimics14.0 software to obtain the femoral entity and the model of unstable intertrochanteric fracture of the left femur was obtained. According to the design parameters of AML biological prosthesis and Muller bone cement prosthesis, the models of AML ordinary handle, lengthened handle and bone cement handle were made, and three kinds of artificial femoral head replacement were simulated in the fracture model. The artificial femoral head replacement model and the normal femur model were imported into Ansys13.0 software. Results the normal femur increased from proximal to distal, and reached the peak in the middle and lower segment. After artificial femoral head replacement, the overall stress trend of the femur was not changed, and the stress concentration was gradually increased from proximal to distal femur, but the stress at the proximal end of the femur was smaller than that of the normal femur. At the same time, the maximum equivalent stress on the femur was increased. The stress concentration of the three kinds of prosthesis was located at the junction of the isthmus of the medullary cavity and the prosthesis, the maximum equivalent stress of the prosthesis was similar, and the effect of the three kinds of prosthesis on the femoral force was the same. Conclusion artificial femoral head replacement for Tronzo-Evans IV type intertrochanteric unstable fracture can increase the maximum equivalent stress of femur.
【作者单位】：天津医科大学;天津市天津医院创伤骨科;
【分类号】：R687.3

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