乌鲁木齐市维吾尔族和汉族中学生近视遗传度调查

发布时间：2018-05-21 21:09

本文选题：维吾尔族 + 中学生　；参考：《中国公共卫生》2015年02期

【摘要】：目的了解乌鲁木齐维吾尔族、汉族中学生近视状况,探讨新疆维、汉中学生近视遗传的影响因素。方法采用整群抽样方法抽取乌鲁木齐市中学生2 380人进行近视筛查和问卷调查,用Falconer法计算维汉近视与非近视学生一、二级亲属的近视遗传度。结果中学生总体近视患病率为60.12%,维吾尔族中学生近视患病率为37.80%,明显低于汉族中学生的77.36%(P0.05);维吾尔族男生近视患病率为31.31%,低于女生的42.08%(P0.05),汉族女生近视患病率为82.40%,高于男生的71.61%(P0.05);维吾尔族中学生近视组一级亲属的近视患病率为10.23%,高于对照组一级亲属的4.87%(OR=1.921),汉族中学生近视组一级亲属的近视患病率为18.90%,高于对照组一级亲属的10.82%(OR=2.225),一级亲属近视是中学生近视的危险因素;汉族中学生一级亲属近视遗传度为36.86%,维吾尔族中学生一级亲属近视遗传度为36.27%。结论中学生近视的病因十分复杂,是遗传和环境多种因素综合作用的结果。
[Abstract]:Objective to investigate the myopia of Uygur and Han students in Urumqi, and to explore the factors influencing the inheritance of myopia in Uygur and Hanzhong students in Xinjiang. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 2 380 middle school students from Urumqi for myopia screening and questionnaire investigation. The heritability of myopia in Uighur and non-myopia students was calculated by Falconer method. Results the overall prevalence rate of myopia in middle school students was 60.12. The prevalence rate of myopia in Uygur middle school students was 37.80, which was significantly lower than that in middle school students of Han nationality (P 0.05), while the prevalence rate of myopia in Uygur boys was 31.31, which was lower than that in girls (42.08%), and the prevalence rate of myopia in female students of Han nationality was 82.40. The prevalence rate of myopia in the myopia group of Uygur middle school students was 10.233.It was higher than that of the first-degree relatives of the control group, and the prevalence rate of myopia in the first-degree relatives of Han school students was 18.90, which was higher than that of the first-degree relatives of the control group. Myopia of grade I relatives is the risk factor of myopia in middle school students. The heritability of first-degree myopia was 36.86 in Han middle school students and 36.27 in Uygur middle school students. Conclusion the etiology of myopia in middle school students is very complicated, which is the result of multiple factors of heredity and environment.
【作者单位】：新疆医科大学公共卫生学院儿少与妇幼保健学教研究室;新疆医科大学第一附属医院眼科;乌鲁木齐市中小学卫生保健所;
【基金】：新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研项目(XJEDU2012S22)
【分类号】：R778.11

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