2012-2014年住院患者抗菌药物应用及耐药性分析

发布时间：2018-05-06 02:19

本文选题：抗菌药物 + 用药频度　；参考：《中华医院感染学杂志》2016年19期

【摘要】：目的了解医院2012年1月-2014年12月抗菌药物的用药频度和细菌对药物的耐药性,为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供参考。方法调取医院2012年1月-2014年12月抗菌药物应用相关数据,分析3年病原菌的检出率,采用用药频度(DDDs)分析抗菌药物应用情况,根据药物敏感率监测数据,采用Pearson相关分析法对抗菌药物的使用以及常见病原菌的耐药性进行分析。结果 2012年1月-2014年12月医院共分离出病原菌13362株,主要以革兰阴性菌为主,3年革兰阴性菌构成比分别占58.0%、59.3%、58.2%;住院患者使用的抗菌药物以β-内酰胺类抗菌药物最多,其耐药率随DDDs的升降而波动;鲍氏不动杆菌(ICU)对亚胺培南显示较高的耐药率,分别为89.4%、85.1%、80.6%,金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺100.0%的敏感,但已有对万古霉素耐药的屎肠球菌存在;左氧氟沙星DDDs与大肠埃希菌(ESBLs)耐药率高度相关(r=0.997,P0.05)。结论医院应继续加强细菌耐药监测和抗菌药物临床应用管理,促进临床合理使用抗菌药物。
[Abstract]:Objective to understand the frequency of antimicrobial agents and the drug resistance of bacteria in hospital from January 2012 to December 2014, and to provide reference for rational use of antibiotics in clinic. Methods the data of antimicrobial application in hospital from January 2012 to December 2014 were collected, and the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria in 3 years was analyzed. The use of antimicrobial agents was analyzed by DDDs. According to the monitoring data of drug sensitivity rate, the detection rate of antimicrobial agents was analyzed. The use of antimicrobial agents and drug resistance of common pathogens were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis. Results A total of 13362 strains of pathogenic bacteria were isolated from hospitals from January 2012 to December 2014, mainly Gram-negative bacteria. The proportion of Gram-negative bacteria in 3 years was 58.0% and 59.3%, respectively. The drug resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii fluctuated with the rise and fall of DDDs, and the resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii to imipenem was higher than that of imipenem, which was 89.44.41% and 80.6%, respectively, and the sensitivity of Staphylococcus aureus to vancomycin and linazolamide was 100.0%. Levofloxacin DDDs was highly correlated with the resistance rate of Escherichia coli (ESBLs) to vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium, and the drug resistance rate of levofloxacin (DDDs) was highly correlated with that of Escherichia coli (ESBLs). Conclusion the hospital should continue to strengthen the monitoring of bacterial drug resistance and the management of clinical application of antimicrobial agents to promote the rational use of antimicrobial agents.
【作者单位】：中山大学附属第一医院药学部;
【基金】：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(81503156,81270836)
【分类号】：R978.1

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