中日两国高中物理教材中实验部分的对比研究

发布时间：2018-01-04 21:17

本文关键词：中日两国高中物理教材中实验部分的对比研究　出处：《华中师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人类自进入21世纪以来,高新技术日新月异、突飞猛进。高新技术的研发和掌握程度已成为衡量一个国家综合实力的标准之一。高新技术的研发和掌握,一方面与物理学的发展,特别是与实验物理学的发展有着密切的联系；另一方面,又需要众多的优秀人才,这些优秀人才的培养又依赖于基础物理教育的发展。因此,面对激烈的世界竞争,我们更需要放眼世界,探讨不同国家物理教材中的实验设置,分析其异同点,借鉴其长处,努力搞好基础物理教育,培养更多优秀的高新技术人才。中日两国虽同处亚洲,互为邻邦,亦都属于东亚文化圈,但在教育理念上仍有所不同,在教育方法上也存在一些差异,这两点可在两国的教材编写方面得到印证。本文主要是针对中日两国高中物理教材中实验部分进行较为详细的对比研究,希望可以帮助我们更加直接地了解两国在物理教育理念和教学方法等方面的差异,给我国的高中物理教材编写提供一些有价值的参考。本文在文献综述的基础上,对中国和日本这两个国家物理主流教材中的实验部分进行了比较分析,着重在其实验类型、实验结构及实验呈现设置等几方面进行了比较研究,并用文字和图表等方式加以展现和归纳,最后给出结论和建议。全文共有五部分：第一部分为绪论部分,首先介绍针对本次研究所提出的问题,随后是介绍其研究背景,研究现状,研究目的和研究意义,以及研究的思路和方法。第二部分讨论了本研究的理论基础。第三部分步入正题,全面对比分析了中日两国高中物理教材中的实验设置部分。第四部分给出了本研究的结论与建议,主要是在论文第三部分的基础上进行了总结,并提出了一些建议。第五部分是总结与思考,主要工作为就本次研究进行了归纳总结,并对相关方面工作的未来开展和进程进行了展望。对比研究发现：两国高中物理教材中实验类型和实验结构基本相同,但侧重点不同；日本教材中的实验设置更为分散,实验呈现的栏目较少：两国在实验数量和分布方面相差较大,实验内容上亦不统一；其插图及语言方面差异也较为明显,日本教材更加生动形象；实验器材方面,两者虽均着眼于基础仪器的使用,但日本教材更注重与现代高新技术的结合；两国实验方式的特点不同,同种实验中所采取的方法不尽相同。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, the development and mastery of high and new technology has become one of the standards to measure the comprehensive strength of a country. On the one hand, it is closely related to the development of physics, especially the development of experimental physics; On the other hand, we need a lot of excellent talents, and the cultivation of these talents depends on the development of basic physics education. Therefore, in the face of fierce world competition, we need to look around the world. This paper probes into the experimental setup in physics textbooks of different countries, analyzes its similarities and differences, draws lessons from its strengths, makes great efforts to do a good job in basic physics education, and trains more excellent hi-tech talents. Although China and Japan are in the same Asia, they are neighbors to each other. They also belong to the East Asian cultural circle, but there are still some differences in educational concepts and methods. These two points can be confirmed in the compilation of textbooks in the two countries. This paper mainly focuses on the experimental part of senior high school physics textbooks in China and Japan for a more detailed comparative study. The hope can help us to understand more directly the differences between the two countries in the concept of physics education and teaching methods. On the basis of literature review, this paper makes a comparative analysis of the experimental parts in the mainstream physics textbooks of China and Japan. It focuses on its experimental type, experimental structure and experimental presentation settings, and makes a comparative study, and presents and induces it by the way of text and chart. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations are given. There are five parts in this paper: the first part is the introduction, the first part is the introduction to the problems raised in this study, then the background of the research, the status quo of the research. The purpose and significance of the research, as well as the ideas and methods of the study. The second part discusses the theoretical basis of this study. Part 4th gives the conclusions and recommendations of this study, mainly on the basis of the third part of the paper. And put forward some suggestions. 5th part is a summary and thinking, the main work is to sum up the research. And the future development and progress of the related work are prospected. The comparative study shows that the experimental types and experimental structure are basically the same in the physics teaching materials of senior high school in the two countries, but the emphases are different; The experimental settings in Japanese textbooks are more scattered, and there are fewer columns in the experiment: the number and distribution of experiments in the two countries are quite different, and the contents of the experiments are not uniform; The differences in illustrations and language are also obvious, and the Japanese textbooks are more vivid; In terms of experimental equipment, both of them focus on the use of basic instruments, but Japanese textbooks pay more attention to the combination of modern high and new technology; The characteristics of the two experimental methods are different, and the methods used in the same experiment are different.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.7

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