电子书包环境下基于问题解决的初中生物教学设计与实践研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 15:53

本文关键词： 电子书包问题解决初中生物教学设计　出处：《陕西师范大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：时代的诉求、教育改革的要求、初中生问题解决能力培养的现实需要都使得信息技术环境下问题解决能力的培养成为现今研究的一个不可回避的问题。电子书包以其便携性、互动性、富媒体性等特点广受关注,其承载的新的教育理念也使得个性化学习、自主学习以及新课改提倡的探究协作学习、基于问题的学习等新型的学习方式成为可能。国内外信息环境下的教学实践表明,新的媒体技术要想发挥作用,离不开新的教育理念以及先进的教育教学方法。只有三者有机结合,才能对课程教学实践产生积极的影响。现阶段,电子书包在生物学科教学中的应用研究还没有比较成熟的案例,特别是电子书包支持生物问题的解决,支持初中生问题解决能力的培养以及相关的教学活动的设计与应用成效等相关研究较少。因此,本研究从教学实际需求出发,以初中一年级学生为研究对象,选取人教版初中生物七年级上册为研究内容,对初中生物基于问题解决学习的核心问题及问题解决过程、基于问题解决的教学设计进行分析,旨在探讨电子书包环境下基于问题解决的初中生物教学设计并验证其教学应用成效,以期培养初中生生物问题解决能力。本研究首先对初中生所需解决的生物问题及问题解决能力的组成结构进行分析,得出初中生物问题解决能力的培养主要集中于以下四个方面：问题意识、问题表征能力、问题解决策略及问题解决过程中的元认知。其次,对问题解决能力的形成条件进行分析,认为问题解决能力的形成离不开问题解决的过程,即思维训练的过程。学生生物问题解决能力的形成来源于学生将已获得的生物知识、解决问题的方法策略进行不断概括化和内化的过程。在此基础上,对电子书包环境下基于问题解决的教学设计进行研究,深入挖掘问题解决的过程及已有的基于问题解决的教学设计研究,总结出问题解决教学过程应包含四个阶段：发现并明确问题阶段、问题表征阶段、选择并实施策略阶段、反思和评价阶段。最后,结合教师访谈及一线教师的教学实践,提出电子书包环境下基于问题解决的初中生物教学设计要以问题为主线,进行情境创设→提出问题,明确任务→分析并表征问题→制定计划,提供支架→自主学习,协作探究→交流展示,评价反思→拓展延伸,活学活用,在课堂中应根据教学的现实情况对教学活动环节进行适时调整。在此基础上,以陕西师范大学附属中学初一(3)班为研究对象,以《生物学》为研究课程,搭建电子书包教学实验环境,对参与实验的教师与学生进行电子书包教师端与学生端培训。之后,在人教版初中七年级上册生物教科书中选取合适的章节进行电子书包环境下基于问题解决的教学设计,开展生物教学实践。最后,通过准实验研究的方法,并结合问题解决能力调查问卷、实验探究报告、标准化考试测验及访谈等多方面数据,多层次多角度地验证电子书包环境下基于问题解决的初中生物问题解决教学设计的实施有助于初中生生物问题解决能力的提高。本研究的主要结论是：电子书包环境下基于问题解决初中生物教学设计的实施有助于初中生生物问题解决能力的提升,主要表现在问题表征及问题解决策略方面。同时,根据生物标准化考试测验的结果分析发现,本研究能够提升学生对综合分析性问题的答题能力。通过对实验报告的分析,说明本实验研究中,实验班学生能够在生活中发现问题,提出的问题有一定的创新性,且问题解决的途径更新颖。最后,结合教师访谈结果分析,电子书包环境下基于问题解决的课堂教学实践能够提高学习效率及学习者的学业成绩。
[Abstract]:The demands of the times, the requirements of the education reform, training of junior middle school students' problem solving ability makes practical need under the information technology environment problem solving ability has become an unavoidable problem in current research. E-Schoolbag with its portability, interactive features, such as rich media attention, the new the concept of education also makes personalized learning, autonomous learning and advocating the new curriculum to explore collaborative learning, possible problems learning new ways of learning. Based on the teaching practice that the domestic and foreign information environment, new media technology to play a role, cannot do without the new education idea and advanced teaching methods. Only the organic combination of the three, can have a positive impact on teaching practice. At present, research and application of e-Schoolbag in biology teaching is still not mature case, especially Is the solution of e-Schoolbag support biological problems, support for junior high school students problem solving ability of the related research and teaching activities related to the design and application of the results is less. Therefore, this study from the actual teaching needs, to the first grade junior middle school students as the research object, choosing the junior middle school biology of grade seven as the research content the junior middle school biology and problems, to solve the core problem based learning in the solving process, analyzes the teaching design based on problem solving, aims to explore the e-Schoolbag environment of junior middle school biology teaching design problems and verify its effectiveness based on the application of teaching, in order to solve the problem of cultivating junior high school students' biological ability. Analyze the structure of this paper junior high school students to solve biological problems and problem solving ability, cultivate the ability to solve problems that junior middle school biology mainly focused on the following four Aspects: problem awareness, problem representation, problem solving strategy and meta cognition in the process of solving problems. Secondly, by analyzing the forming conditions of the ability to solve problems, think the problem solving ability cannot do without the problem solving process, namely the process of thinking training. Students' biology problem solving ability formed from the students will have access to biological knowledge, strategies of problem solving methods are summarized and the continuous process of internalization. On this basis, the study on the teaching design based on problem solving e-Schoolbag environment, in-depth excavation process and existing problems of the research on Instructional Design Based on problem solving, summed up the problem solving teaching process should be four a stage includes: to find and clear stage, problem representation stage, selecting and implementing strategies, reflection and evaluation stage. Finally, combined with the teacher interviews and a The teaching practice of teachers' line, put forward the E-Book Package under the environment of the junior middle school biology teaching design problems to the main problem based on createsituations to ask questions, make clear the task, problem analysis and characterization, plans to provide support to autonomous learning, collaborative inquiry, communication, evaluation and reflection to expand, in. The classroom should be timely adjustment of teaching activities according to the reality of teaching. On this basis, the First Affiliated Middle School of Shaanxi Normal University (3) class as the research object, to study the course of biology < >, build the e-Schoolbag experimental teaching environment, teachers and students to participate in the experiment of e-Schoolbag teachers and students training end end. After that, in the teaching design based on problem solving e-Schoolbag environment appropriate section selects seven grade biology textbooks in junior high school pep edition, Biology teaching practice. Finally, through quasi experimental research methods, combined with the ability to solve problems questionnaire, experimental research report, standardized tests and interviews and other aspects of the data, multi-level and multi angle verification e-Schoolbag environment teaching design to solve biological problems early in problem solving based on help junior high school biological problem solving ability. The main conclusions of this study are: to solve the problem of the implementation of e-books improve junior middle school biology teaching design is helpful to junior high school students' problem solving ability based on biological package environment, main performance in the problem solving strategy: characterization and problems. At the same time, according to the standard test results analysis in this study, can enhance students' comprehensive analysis on the problem of answering ability. Through the analysis of the experimental report, the experimental study, the experimental class students Enough to find problems in life, the problems raised are innovative and problem-solving ways are more innovative. Finally, combined with teacher interview results, classroom teaching practice based on problem solving in E-Book Package environment can improve learning efficiency and learners' academic achievement.

【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G434;G633.91

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