延安市区高中生批判性思维能力现状调查及培养策略研究

发布时间：2018-03-03 15:19

本文选题：批判性思维　切入点：高中生　出处：《延安大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：批判性思维能力是信息时代要求公民必备的基本素养之一,近30年来,国外学者对如何培养学生的批判性思维展开了深入的研究。我国自80年代引入批判性思维研究,主要在文献翻译、概念的界定,以及培养策略的方面,形成了国内相关工作的初步文献。国内学者对于中学生批判性思维能力的实证研究做的较少,为此选择教育欠发达的延安市区为例进行研究。课题采用问卷调查法和访谈法对延安市区高中生的批判性思维能力现状及其影响因素进行了探查。调查结果显示,高中生批判性思维能力状况呈现如下特点:第一,不同年级之间,学生的批判性意向与批判性思维能力不同,高二学生在两个方面都强于高一和高三学生,且批判性思维能力存在显著差异;第二,学生的学业成绩可以反映批判性思维能力的强弱。成绩优异的学生,批判性思维能力明显强于成绩中下的学生。同时,物理成绩也可以反映学生分析与归纳的能力;第三,学生的性别差异,使得批判性思维能力有所不同,但不存在显著性差异。分析其主要影响因素有:学生的学习环境、教师的批判性思维意向与教学能力、学生自身的个性特征三个方面。对此,提出培养学生批判性思维能力的三个策略:一是,创设有利于学生批判性思维能力发展的环境;二是,提升教师自身的批判性思维意识和实践能力;三是,引导学生正确认识批判性思维的重要性并养成批判性思维习惯和良好人格品质。
[Abstract]:Critical thinking ability is one of the basic qualities required by citizens in the information age. In the past 30 years, foreign scholars have carried out in-depth research on how to cultivate students' critical thinking. Mainly in literature translation, the definition of concepts, as well as the training strategy, has formed the domestic related work preliminary literature. The domestic scholar to the high school student critical thinking ability empirical research to do less, For this reason, we choose the less developed urban area of Yanan as an example to study. The present situation of critical thinking ability of senior high school students in Yanan city and its influencing factors are investigated by questionnaire and interview. The results show that the present situation of the critical thinking ability of senior high school students in Yanan city is very important. The critical thinking ability of senior high school students shows the following characteristics: first, between different grades, the students' critical intention and critical thinking ability are different. Senior two students are better than the first and third grade students in both aspects. There are significant differences in critical thinking ability. Second, students' academic achievement can reflect the strength of critical thinking ability. The results of physics can also reflect the students' ability of analysis and induction. Thirdly, the gender difference of students makes the critical thinking ability different, but there is no significant difference. There are three aspects of teachers' critical thinking intention and teaching ability and students' personality characteristics. Three strategies for cultivating students' critical thinking ability are put forward: first, creating an environment conducive to the development of students' critical thinking ability; The second is to improve the teachers' critical thinking consciousness and practical ability, the third is to guide students to understand the importance of critical thinking and develop the habit of critical thinking and good personality quality.
【学位授予单位】：延安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

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