高中历史开放性习题的课堂教学应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-10 08:12

本文选题：高中历史开放性习题　切入点：课堂教学　出处：《内蒙古师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：历史开放性习题是指以考察学生的综合素质为目的,在解题过程中要求学生发散思维,从习题的材料设置、问题设置、到答案设置、评价标准设置都十分开放的一种习题类型。在高中历史教学中对其进行恰切应用,能够提升学生的历史学科素养,提高学生的历史思维能力。新课改以来,历史开放性习题在高中历史教学中的应用日益普遍,具体体现在其越来越多地出现于练习题与各类考试题中。但是,调查发现,它在课堂教学中应用的现状并不理想,并未能有效地发挥它能提升学生学科历史素养的重要作用。如何发挥历史开放性习题的重要作用,让其更好地服务于高中历史课堂教学,已引起一线教师、广大科研工作者及高校师范生的重视与研究。本研究从历史开放性习题的概念、类型、特点、在课堂教学中的应用等方面系统研究高中历史开放性习题,将其从解题形式上分为纸笔类与非纸笔类两大类型;并从习题设置、考察方向与立意上概括出其所具有的习题特点如:开放性、复杂性、新颖性、高远性等高中历史开放性习题作业与高中历史开放性习题课,作为历史开放性习题在课堂教学中两种常见的应用类型,笔者在本文中对如何将他们应用于课堂教学做了具体研究。指出作业应用应遵循主体性、趣味性、互补性等布置原则以及肯定性、及时性两大评价原则;习题课应用要遵循围绕“主线”展开的组织策略、开放式教学的传递策略、民主平等的管理策略等。最后,为更好的将高中历史开放性习题应用于课堂教学中,笔者指出在应用中应该注意的问题,如:注意与封闭式历史习题相互补充;避免题海战术;习题课的开放要课前、课中、课后保持一致;不能将开放性习题课与开放式教学混为一谈等,以期在教学中更为有效地利用开放性习题,发挥它的功效。
[Abstract]:In order to investigate the students' comprehensive quality, the historical open exercise refers to a type of exercise that requires students to think differently in the process of solving the problem, from the material setting, question setting, answer setting and evaluation standard setting of the exercises.The proper application of it in senior high school history teaching can improve students' history literacy and students' historical thinking ability.Since the reform of the new curriculum, the application of historical open exercises in senior high school history teaching has become more and more common, which is embodied in the fact that more and more of them appear in exercises and all kinds of test questions.However, it is found that the present situation of its application in classroom teaching is not ideal, and it fails to play an important role in improving the students' history literacy.How to give full play to the important role of historical open exercises and make them better serve the history teaching in senior high school has aroused the attention and research of teachers, scientific research workers and normal students in colleges and universities.In this study, the concept, type, characteristics and application in classroom teaching of historical open exercises in senior high school are systematically studied, which can be divided into two types: pen and paper type and non-paper pen type, and set up exercises.The characteristics of the exercises, such as opening, complexity, novelty, high distance and so on, are summarized.As two common application types of historical open exercises in classroom teaching, the author makes a concrete research on how to apply them to classroom teaching.It is pointed out that the application of homework should follow the principles of subjectivity, interest and complementarity, as well as the evaluation principles of certainty and timeliness, and the application of exercises should follow the organizational strategy around the "main line" and the transmission strategy of open teaching.A democratic and equal management strategy, etc.Finally, in order to better apply the high school history opening exercises to the classroom teaching, the author points out the problems that should be paid attention to in the application, such as: attention and closed history exercises complement each other; avoid the sea of questions tactics;In class, the class is consistent after class, and the open problem course and the open teaching should not be confused, in order to make more effective use of the open exercise in the teaching, and bring its effect into full play.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.51

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