民国时期（1912-1949）中学体育课程改革的历史演变及当代启示

发布时间：2018-04-13 02:33

本文选题：民国时期 + 体育　；参考：《西华师范大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：中学教育长期以来在教育体系中占主导地位,因此针对中学体育教育的进一步研究显得尤为重要。民国时期代表了我国新教育的初阶,为培养适应社会发展需要的人才出现了学校教育,随着教育改革继续深化,体育课程改革过程中我们尽力做到“继承历史”且“以史为鉴”,相信当今体育课程改革会成为百年后的科学化借鉴。本文以20世纪中学课程标准为主要线索,以申报、大公报之类的民国报刊杂志以及教育史相关文献为研究基础,通过文献资料法、历史研究法、比较分析法、专家访谈法对民国时期(1912-1949)中学体育课程改革方面进行研究,总结出民国时期体育课程建立以来课程标准经历了七次正式改革,经过对民国时期中学体育课程改革史料的全方面分析,从体育课程设置、课程目标、课程内容、课程管理、体育课程评价制度等方面进行系统化的比较分析,发现了体育课程改革以学校体育课程和教会传播为主要途径,具有时代性、实用性、针对性、开放性、专业性五大特征。通过对民国时期(1912-1949)中学体育课程的研究,阐述了体育课程改革中优点是:1.兼顾世界性与民族性;2.汲取域外先进教育思想;3.注重体育游戏的开发;4.注重课程的科学性与民主性;5.注重“立德树人”的课程改革思想;6.重视课外体育活动;7.发展了多元化的课程目标;8.建立了较为系统科学的课程评价机制。不足之处表现在:1.体育课程改革理念狭隘;2.课程改革实施力度不够;3.课程改革实施监督不力;4.体育课程改革未能摆脱政治工具的命运。综合其优点和不足,本文提出当代体育课程改革的启示:1.体育课程改革应实时更新;2.体育教学过程中应首先注重“立德”;3.课程改革应注重体育课程的实用性;4.体育课程改革应坚持从国情出发;5.体育教学中注重体育游戏的开发应用;6.课程资源开发应注重传统体育;7.课外体育活动纳入正式课时;8.建立完善体育课程监督机制;9.体育课程改革强调体育负荷和练习密度。
[Abstract]:Middle school education has been dominant in the education system for a long time, so it is very important to study the physical education in middle school.The period of the Republic of China represented the first stage of new education in our country. School education appeared in order to train people to meet the needs of social development.In the course of physical education curriculum reform, we try our best to "inherit history" and "learn from history". We believe that today's physical education curriculum reform will become a scientific reference in a hundred years' time.This article takes the curriculum standard of middle school in the 20th century as the main clue, takes the Republic of China newspapers and magazines such as declaration, Ta Kung Pao and other relevant documents of educational history as the research foundation, through the literature material method, the history research method, the comparative analysis method,The method of expert interview studies the reform of physical education curriculum in middle school during the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), and concludes that the curriculum standard has undergone seven formal reforms since the establishment of the curriculum in the Republic of China.Through the analysis of the historical data of the middle school physical education curriculum reform in the Republic of China, this paper makes a systematic comparative analysis from the aspects of physical education curriculum setup, curriculum objectives, curriculum content, curriculum management, physical education curriculum evaluation system and so on.It is found that the reform of physical education curriculum takes the school physical education curriculum and the church communication as the main way, and has five characteristics of times, practicability, pertinence, openness and professionalism.Based on the study of physical education curriculum in middle school during the period of the Republic of China (1912-1949), this paper expounds that the advantage of PE curriculum reform is: 1: 1.Give consideration to both cosmopolitan and national character.Learn from the thought of foreign advanced education.Pay attention to the development of sports games.Pay attention to the scientific and democratic nature of the curriculum.Pay attention to the idea of curriculum reform.Attach importance to extracurricular sports activities.Developed a diversified curriculum goal.A systematic and scientific course evaluation mechanism is established.The deficiency is in the form of 1: 1.The concept of physical education curriculum reform is narrow.The implementation of curriculum reform is not enough.The implementation of curriculum reform and supervision is weak.The reform of physical education curriculum has not escaped the fate of political tools.Synthesizing its advantages and disadvantages, this paper puts forward the enlightenment of contemporary PE curriculum reform: 1.The reform of physical education curriculum should be updated in real time.In the process of physical education teaching, we should first pay attention to "setting up morality".Curriculum reform should pay attention to the practicability of physical education curriculum.The reform of physical education curriculum should be based on the national conditions.Pay attention to the development and application of sports games in physical education teaching.The development of curriculum resources should pay attention to traditional sports.Extracurricular sports activities are included in the official class hours.The establishment and perfection of physical education curriculum supervision mechanism.The reform of physical education curriculum emphasizes sports load and practice density.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.96

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