软梯练习对初一学生平衡能力的影响

发布时间：2018-05-03 16:29

本文选题：平衡能力 + 软梯　；参考：《河北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：平衡能力是身体素质的一种,是人体的重要生理机能之一,对人体维持身体姿态起着关键的作用,尤其是保持身体在小的支撑面重心的稳定,对人体的站立和行走,以及人体协调地完成各种动作有着至关重要的作用。良好的平衡能力不仅有利于运动能力的提高,还可以预防损伤的发生。人的任何运动可以说几乎都是在维持身体平衡的状态下进行的,尤其是大肌肉的活动,更需要有较好的平衡能力才能胜任。初一学生年纪都差不多十二三、十三四岁,活泼好动,正处在各个身体素质发育的敏感期,这个时段的身体发育对青少年之后的成长至关重要。同时由于初中生还要面临中考,这其中的体育成绩代表了不小的权重,所以对初中生的身体素质提出了更高的要求。而平衡能力是初中生身体素质的一个重要的指标所以有必要对其进行锻炼,为以后学生身体的成长和长远发展提供保障。当前学生竞争激烈,初中生面临中考压力,体育教学课被大大缩减了。软梯练习是近年来国家体育总局从国外引进的新型的体能训练器材,主要运用在专业运动员的体能训练,针对改善运动员的脚步移动能力、协调能力有很好的效果。在训练中简单方便、训练方式灵活多变,深受教练员运动员的喜爱,已经普遍运用在体能训练当中。当前学生竞争激烈,初中生面临中考压力,体育教学课被大大缩减了。在学校体育中软梯的训练方式还没有普及,还需要进一步推广。本文通过文献资料法、实验法、数理统计法等进行了理论与实践探索,通过设计实验,对比试验前后两组样本的差异,得出经过软梯练习的实验组的学生的平衡能力明显强于对照组,从而得出结论:如下:(1)实验后,实验组与对照组在各项指标上产生明显的差异性,实验组静态平衡指标中的睁眼单脚站立、闭眼单脚站立、闭目单脚站立外展腿,得到改善,动态平衡指标中的闭目原地踏步、前庭ki测试、平衡木行走也得到改善。这就表明软梯练习能够改善初一学生平衡能力。(2)通过软梯练习我们发现男生在睁眼单脚站立、闭目单脚站立外展腿方面成绩要好于女生,这说明在初一阶段男生在腿部、躯干等力量上已经明显优于女生;而女生在平衡木行走方面则表现出了明显优于男生的成绩,这说明女生在初一阶段较男生身体平衡性、灵活性更强。
[Abstract]:The ability to balance is one of the important physiological functions of the human body. It plays a key role in maintaining the posture of the body, especially in maintaining the stability of the body's center of gravity on the small supporting surface, and in standing and walking on the human body. As well as the human body coordinated completion of a variety of actions have a vital role. Good balance is not only beneficial to the improvement of sports ability, but also to the prevention of injury. Any movement can be said to be carried out under the condition of maintaining the balance of the body, especially the activities of large muscles, and it requires a good balance ability to be competent. Junior high school students are almost 12. 3 and 13 years old. They are lively and active. They are in a sensitive period of physical development. The physical development in this period is very important to the growth of teenagers. At the same time, the junior high school students have to face the entrance examination, which represents the weight of physical performance, so the physical quality of junior high school students put forward higher requirements. Balance ability is an important index of junior high school students' physical quality, so it is necessary to exercise it to provide guarantee for the future students' growth and long-term development. At present, the competition of students is fierce, junior high school students are facing the pressure of entrance examination, and the physical education course has been greatly curtailed. Soft ladder exercise is a new type of physical training equipment introduced by the State Sports Administration from abroad in recent years. It is mainly used in the physical training of professional athletes. It has a good effect on improving the footwork movement ability and coordinating ability of athletes. In the training is simple and convenient, the training method is flexible and changeable, deeply loved by coaches and athletes, has been widely used in physical training. At present, the competition of students is fierce, junior high school students are facing the pressure of entrance examination, and the physical education course has been greatly curtailed. In school sports, the training method of soft ladder has not been popularized, it still needs to be further popularized. This paper explores the theory and practice through the methods of literature, experiment, mathematical statistics, etc. Through designing experiments, the differences between the two groups of samples before and after the experiment are compared. It is concluded that the balance ability of the experimental group is obviously stronger than that of the control group, and the conclusion is as follows: after the experiment, there are obvious differences between the experimental group and the control group in each index. In the experimental group, the standing with eyes on one foot, standing on one foot with eyes closed and standing outreaching legs with one foot were improved. The closed eyes in the dynamic balance index were fixed in situ, the vestibular ki test and the walking of balance beam were also improved. This shows that the soft ladder exercise can improve the balance ability of junior high school students. (2) through the practice of soft ladder, we found that boys achieved better results in standing with eyes open on one foot and standing on one foot with eyes closed than girls, which indicated that boys in the first stage of junior high achieved better results in legs. The strength of the trunk is obviously better than that of the girls, and the female students are obviously superior to the boys in walking on the balance beam, which shows that the girls are more flexible than the boys in the first stage of junior high school.
【学位授予单位】：河北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96

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