培养高中生非线性思维品质的思考与实践

发布时间：2018-05-18 21:11

本文选题：高中物理 + 非线性思维　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：基础教育课程改革深化的重要举措是着力学科核心素养的培养,物理学科承载着培养学生科学创新思维素养的使命。非线性思维作为科学创新的突破口在现代科学发明发现中有着十分重要的作用,因此,发展非线性思维对培养学生的创新思维素养的重要性不言而喻。本文首先通过研究界定非线性思维的含义,分析归纳其特点,建立了非线性思维品质的立体概念。在此基础上,本文设计了非线性思维品质的观察量表,通过问卷调查的方式诊断了高中生非线性思维品质的现状,并提出了培养高中生非线性思维品质原则、途径与方法。根据以上研究内容,本文进一步从物理课堂教学内容中选择设计与建议以及课内外四个教学内容进行实践初探。最终,本文得到了以下几个方面的研究结论:首先从整体上来看,高中生物理思维品质尤其是非线性思维品质现状不容乐观,所以在高中阶段针对学生非线性思维品质的培养是必要且刻不容缓的。其次,教师在培养学生非线性思维品质时,应遵循综合性、适切性、差异性和渗透性四大原则,并可参考本文提出的三大途径与方法。最后,本文挑选了人教版高中物理必修教材中部分可以进行课堂渗透的内容,提出一些教学的设想,给出了培养意图,并基于本人的实践经历,整理了四个主要的实践内容,从数据和反馈来看均显示实践效果较好,可供一线教师借鉴。
[Abstract]:The important measure to deepen the reform of the basic education curriculum is to focus on the cultivation of the core accomplishment of the subject, and the physics subject is carrying the mission of cultivating the students' scientific creative thinking literacy. As a breakthrough in scientific innovation, nonlinear thinking plays a very important role in the discovery of modern scientific inventions. Therefore, the importance of developing nonlinear thinking in cultivating students' creative thinking literacy is self-evident. In this paper, we first define the meaning of nonlinear thinking, analyze its characteristics, and establish a three-dimensional concept of nonlinear thinking quality. On this basis, this paper designs the observation scale of nonlinear thinking quality, diagnoses the present situation of nonlinear thinking quality of senior high school students by questionnaire, and puts forward the principles, ways and methods of cultivating nonlinear thinking quality of senior high school students. According to the above research content, this article further selects the design and suggestion from the physics classroom teaching content as well as four teaching contents inside and outside the class carries on the practice preliminary exploration. Finally, this paper draws the following conclusions: first of all, from the overall point of view, high school students' physical thinking quality, especially the nonlinear thinking quality, is not optimistic. So it is necessary and urgent to cultivate students'nonlinear thinking quality in senior middle school. Secondly, teachers should follow the four principles of comprehensiveness, appropriateness, difference and permeability when cultivating students' nonlinear thinking quality, and can refer to the three approaches and methods proposed in this paper. Finally, this paper selects some of the contents that can be infiltrated in the required teaching material of senior high school physics, puts forward some teaching ideas, gives the training intention, and arranges four main practical contents based on my practical experience. From the point of view of data and feedback, the practical effect is good, which can be used for reference by teachers.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.7

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