初中数学课堂教学中渗透模型思想的策略研究
发布时间：2018-07-13 08:54
【摘要】：数学与生活紧密联系,真正的数学课堂是应该建立在生活的基础上进行的,而要做到这一点就要切实的渗透数学模型思想。随着新课改的进一步实施,模型思想这一概念逐渐被重视起来, 《义务教育数学课程标准(2011年版)》和初中教材都从不同的角度对渗透模型思想提出了要求,模型思想的渗透,其目的就是要让学生感受到数学不是凭空产生的,而是与实际紧密联系的。数学公式、运算法则的出现都是我们的祖先在实际生产生活中逐渐总结积累下来的生活经验,把它抽象为数学语言,供我们后人学习的。虽然很多专家学者已经开始关注模型思想的渗透,并且也做了相关的研究论述,但大多数都集中在高等教育上,对义务教育阶段研究的较少。其实初中就应该适时的向学生渗透模型思想,让学生逐渐感受生活的数学化。因此,本人从当前的教育现状和新课标的要求入手,以建构主义理论、弗赖登塔尔的数学教育理论、元认知理论为研究的理论依据,通过对模型思想的应然要求和调查分析,给出可行性的策略,并对提出的策略是否可行进行了行动研究,希望能给众多教师以启示。本文主要采用了三种研究方法：文献研究法、问卷调查法和访谈法。首先对《标准》和初中数学教材中对渗透模型思想要求的进行了分析,接着通过问卷调查和教师访谈来探究初中数学课堂渗透模型思想的现状,从而来分析现实教学中存在的问题。根据调查出现的问题,有针对性的提出了渗透模型思想的原则和具体策略,主要从教学准备、教学实施、教学评价几个方面提出具体的策略以及教师在教学中要注意的问题。通过行动研究,主要检验了提出的策略是否有效。首先对一节完整的初中数学课进行了课堂实录,课后对学生及教师进行了访谈,学生和教师都表示渗透模型思想对学习和教学的帮助很大。其次又进行了对比测验。这些都充分体现了所提出策略的有效性。本文的研究思路就是通过调查发现问题,根据问题提出具体的解决策略,进而检验策略的有效性,为渗透模型思想提供可行性的方案。本文中还存在一些不足之处,还需要在今后的研究中进一步完善。论文旨在通过对现实情况的研究,提出渗透模型思想的有效策略,为初中教师提供意见和方向,希望能够帮助他们在教学中更好的渗透模型思想。渗透模型思想不是一时的事情,需要教师根据方法循序渐进的进行,让学生学会学习而不仅仅是学会知识,让学生不再为数学而烦恼,使他们能真正感受到数学与实际生活的联系,从而提高学生数学学习的能力。
[Abstract]:Mathematics is closely related to life, the real mathematics classroom should be based on life, and to achieve this, we must really infiltrate the mathematical model thought. With the further implementation of the new curriculum reform, the concept of model thought has been paid more and more attention to. Both the Mathematical Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) and the junior high school textbooks have put forward the requirements for the permeation of the model from different angles. The aim is to make students feel that mathematics is not born out of thin air, but closely related to reality. The emergence of mathematical formulas and algorithms is the life experience accumulated by our ancestors in actual production and life, which is abstracted as a mathematical language for our future generations to learn. Although many experts and scholars have begun to pay attention to the infiltration of model ideas, and have also done relevant research, but most of them are concentrated on higher education, the study of compulsory education stage is less. In fact, junior middle school should infiltrate the model thought to the student timely, let the student feel the mathematics of life gradually. Therefore, starting with the current educational situation and the requirements of the new curriculum standard, taking the constructivism theory, Friedenthal's mathematical education theory and metacognitive theory as the theoretical basis of the research, through the analysis of the requirements of the model thought and the investigation and analysis, The feasible strategy is given, and the action research is carried out on whether the proposed strategy is feasible, hoping to enlighten many teachers. This paper mainly adopts three research methods: literature research, questionnaire and interview. First of all, it analyzes the requirements of infiltrating model in the standard and junior high school mathematics textbooks, and then explores the present situation of the infiltration model in junior high school mathematics classroom through questionnaire survey and teachers' interview. In order to analyze the existing problems in practical teaching. According to the problems in the investigation, this paper puts forward the principles and specific strategies of infiltrating model thought, mainly from the aspects of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching evaluation, and the problems that teachers should pay attention to in teaching. Through action research, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is mainly tested. First of all, a complete middle school math class is recorded in class, and the students and teachers are interviewed after class. Both students and teachers show that the permeation of the model idea is of great help to learning and teaching. Secondly, a comparative test was conducted. All these fully reflect the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The research train of thought of this paper is to find out the problem through the investigation, put forward the concrete solution strategy according to the problem, then test the effectiveness of the strategy, and provide the feasible scheme for the permeation model thought. There are still some deficiencies in this paper, which need to be further improved in the future research. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the effective strategy of infiltrating the model thought through the research of the actual situation, and to provide advice and direction for the junior middle school teachers, hoping to help them to better infiltrate the model thought in the teaching. It is not a temporary thing to infiltrate the thought of model. It needs teachers to proceed step by step according to the method, so that students can learn to learn, not just learn knowledge, so that students will no longer worry about mathematics. So that they can really feel the relationship between mathematics and real life, so as to improve the students' ability to learn mathematics.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.6
[Abstract]:Mathematics is closely related to life, the real mathematics classroom should be based on life, and to achieve this, we must really infiltrate the mathematical model thought. With the further implementation of the new curriculum reform, the concept of model thought has been paid more and more attention to. Both the Mathematical Curriculum Standard for compulsory Education (2011 Edition) and the junior high school textbooks have put forward the requirements for the permeation of the model from different angles. The aim is to make students feel that mathematics is not born out of thin air, but closely related to reality. The emergence of mathematical formulas and algorithms is the life experience accumulated by our ancestors in actual production and life, which is abstracted as a mathematical language for our future generations to learn. Although many experts and scholars have begun to pay attention to the infiltration of model ideas, and have also done relevant research, but most of them are concentrated on higher education, the study of compulsory education stage is less. In fact, junior middle school should infiltrate the model thought to the student timely, let the student feel the mathematics of life gradually. Therefore, starting with the current educational situation and the requirements of the new curriculum standard, taking the constructivism theory, Friedenthal's mathematical education theory and metacognitive theory as the theoretical basis of the research, through the analysis of the requirements of the model thought and the investigation and analysis, The feasible strategy is given, and the action research is carried out on whether the proposed strategy is feasible, hoping to enlighten many teachers. This paper mainly adopts three research methods: literature research, questionnaire and interview. First of all, it analyzes the requirements of infiltrating model in the standard and junior high school mathematics textbooks, and then explores the present situation of the infiltration model in junior high school mathematics classroom through questionnaire survey and teachers' interview. In order to analyze the existing problems in practical teaching. According to the problems in the investigation, this paper puts forward the principles and specific strategies of infiltrating model thought, mainly from the aspects of teaching preparation, teaching implementation, teaching evaluation, and the problems that teachers should pay attention to in teaching. Through action research, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy is mainly tested. First of all, a complete middle school math class is recorded in class, and the students and teachers are interviewed after class. Both students and teachers show that the permeation of the model idea is of great help to learning and teaching. Secondly, a comparative test was conducted. All these fully reflect the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. The research train of thought of this paper is to find out the problem through the investigation, put forward the concrete solution strategy according to the problem, then test the effectiveness of the strategy, and provide the feasible scheme for the permeation model thought. There are still some deficiencies in this paper, which need to be further improved in the future research. The purpose of this paper is to put forward the effective strategy of infiltrating the model thought through the research of the actual situation, and to provide advice and direction for the junior middle school teachers, hoping to help them to better infiltrate the model thought in the teaching. It is not a temporary thing to infiltrate the thought of model. It needs teachers to proceed step by step according to the method, so that students can learn to learn, not just learn knowledge, so that students will no longer worry about mathematics. So that they can really feel the relationship between mathematics and real life, so as to improve the students' ability to learn mathematics.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.6
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