梁启超作文思想对高中作文教学的启示

发布时间：2018-07-22 10:27

【摘要】：语文是最重要的交际工具,是人类文化的重要组成部分。作文教学是语文教学的重要板块,良好的写作能力是个人成长的需要,也是学生进入社会后获取良好发展的需要。当今教育改革层出不穷,针对作文教学,众多语文教育专家都提出了不同看法,对高中作文教学进行了积极的探索,并取得了一定效果,如趣味作文法、五步作文法等等,这些成果促进了对作文教学的研究,但高中作文教学依然存在诸多问题。比如,很多教师缺乏对学生的写作指导,过分重视写作技巧而忽略学生的真实感受,作文评价方式单一等等。本论文正是针对这些状况,以梁启超作文教学法作指导,探究高中作文教学问题。文章主要从四个方面来探讨：一、调动学生的生活体验与感受：注重体验观察,培养个性思维。高中作文教学首先要调动学生对生活的体验,提高学生的感悟能力；营造阅读气氛,加强阅读指导。作文教学重要的环节之一是材料的积累,合理的阅读指导可以让学生形成自己的观点；明晰写作目的,树立读者意识。每篇文章的写作目的和读者对象都不尽相同,所以写作教学应指导学生揣摩读者阅读时的心理感受。二、注重文章的思想内容和结构：丰富文章内容,表达真情实感。写作是学生认识自我、表达自我的过程,表达真实的自我有助于学生身心的健康发展；重视结构章法,明确作文标准。高中阶段的写作教学对文体有要求,主要有记叙文和议论文两种形式,教师在日常的教学中应重视作文结构的讲授。三、作文教学的合理安排与技巧：精讲精练,循序渐进。教师应该制定科学的作文教学计划,每学期、每堂课的作文训练设计都力求合理、规范、清晰；重视合作、探究学习。高中生较之中小学生有较强的自主意识,教师可以在课堂上采用灵活的方式来组织教学。四、作文评改方法的科学与有效性：关注整体,忽略枝节。教师在评改学生作文时应确立统一的标准,将重点放在文章的结构上,对于枝节问题可以轻轻带过；以评促写,提高兴趣。在评改的过程中尊重学生的思想,重视学生的写作成果,从而提高学生的写作兴趣。
[Abstract]:Chinese is the most important communication tool and an important part of human culture. Composition teaching is an important part of Chinese teaching, good writing ability is the need of personal growth, and also the need for students to obtain good development after entering the society. Nowadays, education reform is emerging in endlessly. In view of composition teaching, many Chinese education experts have put forward different views, made positive exploration on composition teaching in senior high school, and achieved certain results, such as interesting composition method, five-step composition method and so on. These achievements promote the study of composition teaching, but there are still many problems in high school composition teaching. For example, many teachers lack of guidance for students' writing, pay too much attention to writing skills and ignore students' true feelings, single way of composition evaluation and so on. This thesis aims at these situations and explores the problem of composition teaching in senior high school under the guidance of Liang Qichao composition teaching method. The article mainly discusses from four aspects: first, arouse students' life experience and feeling: pay attention to experience observation, cultivate individual thinking. The composition teaching in senior high school should first arouse the students' experience of life, improve the students' comprehension ability, build the reading atmosphere and strengthen the reading guidance. One of the important links in composition teaching is the accumulation of materials. Reasonable reading guidance can make students form their own views, clarify the purpose of writing, and establish the reader's consciousness. The purpose of each article is different from that of the reader, so the teaching of writing should guide the students to understand the psychological feeling of the reader. Second, pay attention to the ideological content and structure of the article: enrich the content of the article, expressing true feelings. Writing is a process for students to know themselves and express themselves. Expressing true self is conducive to the healthy development of students' body and mind. Writing teaching in senior high school requires the writing style, mainly in narrative and argumentative forms. Teachers should pay attention to the teaching of composition structure in their daily teaching. Third, the reasonable arrangement and skill of composition teaching: concise and gradual. Teachers should make a scientific composition teaching plan. The composition training design of each semester and class should be reasonable, standardized and clear, and attach importance to cooperation and inquiry learning. High school students have a stronger sense of autonomy than primary and secondary school students, teachers can use a flexible way to organize teaching in the classroom. Fourth, the science and effectiveness of composition evaluation method: pay attention to the whole, ignore the details. Teachers should set up a unified standard when evaluating students' composition, focus on the structure of the article, take the minor problems lightly, promote writing with evaluation, and increase interest. In the process of evaluation, we should respect students' thoughts and pay attention to their writing achievements so as to enhance students' interest in writing.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G633.34

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