王阳明“知行合一”思想对高中诚信教育的启示

发布时间：2018-10-05 12:46

【摘要】：王阳明“知行合一”思想包含着“知是行之始、行是知之成,一念发动处便即是行,知之真切笃实处即是行、行之精觉明察处即是知、知行工夫本不可离”等内容。它强调知与行是一个过程的两个方面或两个层次即知中有行,行中有知,二者不可分离。高中诚信教育是提升高中生诚信素养的主要途径,同时也是促使高中生践行社会主义核心价值观的重要举措。本文通过文献分析、归纳与演绎等方法探寻出“知行合一”思想与高中诚信教育之间存在诸多的契合点,这对深入推进高中诚信教育发展且取得最佳效果发挥着重要的启示作用。首先,对王阳明“知行合一”思想产生的历史背景、内涵、特性、地位作了全面梳理。针对当时社会道德缺失和“知行不一”问题在教育领域普遍存在的情况,在对程朱理学“知行”观的扬弃的基础上,王阳明提出“知行合一”思想。王阳明“知行合一”思想强调:“知”与“行”是一个过程的两个方面,它们原本就是一个整体不可分离,“知行合一”中的“知”既是指知识或理论,又是指“良知”,“知行合一”中“行”是指“行”即是“知”,“行”是“知”实现和表达其价值的途径。“知行合一”思想具有内容彰显德育性、主体显现能动性、关系呈现一体性等特性。一言譬之,“知行合一”思想是王阳明的代表性思想,是中国传统哲学知行观中的重要内容,为当代道德教育提供方法论指导。其次,对当前高中诚信教育开展情况、取得的成效、存在的问题进行深入分析。认为高中思想政治课教材中融入诚信教育的内容,对高中生进行诚信教育的主要途径是思想政治课课堂教学;通过梳理发现,高中生在诚信认知度、诚信情感、诚信意志、诚信行为等方面呈现积极态势;然而,诚信教育与智育失衡、教育渠道单一、教育过程中存在“知行分离”、教育氛围不浓、诚信教育金钱化则是当前高中诚信教育不容忽视的问题。再次,深入探究王阳明“知行合一”思想与高中诚信教育之间的内在关系。发现高中诚信教育充分地体现着“知行合一”思想,“知行合一”思想是高中诚信教育的内在要求,整个高中诚信教育都涉及到“知与行”的问题等内在关联性。最后,深入挖掘“知行合一”思想内在精神,结合“知行合一”思想与高中诚信教育的内在关联性,针对高中诚信教育有效性发展,体现高中诚信教育的初衷,本文以马克思主义为指导,筛选教育内容,将“真知”作为首选教育内容;以“真知”引导“真行”,将真知与真行“合一”作为价值目标,“知与行”作为教育过程两个方面,全面实施教育活动;对照初心、本心,严把教师素质关;引导学生懂得诚信之知即是行、诚信之行即是知;构建良知、良行的教育环境。
[Abstract]:Wang Yangming's thought of "the unity of knowledge and practice" contains such contents as "knowing is the beginning of action, action is the achievement of knowledge, the place where one thinks and starting it is the line, the place of knowing is true and true is the line, the point of knowing and observing is knowing, and the time of knowing and doing is inseparable" and so on. It emphasizes that knowledge and action are two aspects or two levels of the same process, that is, there is a line in the knowledge, and there is a knowledge in the line, and the two cannot be separated. High school honesty education is the main way to improve high school students' credit literacy, and it is also an important measure to promote high school students to practice socialist core values. Through literature analysis, induction and deduction, this paper finds out that there are many common points between the thought of "integration of knowledge and practice" and the integrity education in senior high school. It plays an important role in promoting the development of high school honesty education and achieving the best effect. First of all, the historical background, connotation, characteristics and status of Wang Yangming's thought of "unity of knowledge and action" are comprehensively combed. In view of the general situation that the problem of lack of social morality and "different knowledge and action" existed in the field of education at that time, Wang Yangming put forward the idea of "integration of knowledge and action" on the basis of the sublation of the concept of "knowing and doing" of Neo-Confucianism. Wang Yangming's thought of "integration of knowledge and action" emphasizes that "knowledge" and "action" are two aspects of the same process. They are originally an integral whole. "knowledge" in "unity of knowledge and practice" refers to knowledge or theory as well as "conscience". In "the unity of knowledge and action", "action" means "knowledge" and "action" is the way to realize and express the value of "know". The thought of "the unity of knowledge and action" has the characteristics of moral education, initiative of subject and unity of relationship. The thought of "integration of knowledge and action" is Wang Yangming's representative thought, which is an important part of Chinese traditional philosophy's view of knowing and doing, and provides methodological guidance for contemporary moral education. Secondly, the current high school integrity education, the results achieved, existing problems in-depth analysis. It is believed that the main way to integrate the content of honesty education into the teaching material of high school ideological and political course is to teach the high school students honesty and credit in the classroom, and find out through combing that high school students have good faith recognition, good faith emotion, good faith will. However, the unbalance between honesty education and intellectual education, the single educational channel, the separation of knowledge and action in the process of education, the lack of educational atmosphere, The monetization of honesty education is a problem that can not be ignored in high school credit education at present. Thirdly, it explores the inner relationship between Wang Yangming's thought of "integration of knowledge and action" and high school credit education. It is found that the integrity education of senior high school fully embodies the thought of "integration of knowledge and action", and that the thought of "integration of knowledge and practice" is the inherent requirement of high school honesty education, and the whole high school honesty education involves the problem of "knowing and doing" and so on. Finally, the author deeply excavates the inner spirit of the thought of "integration of knowledge and action", and combines the thought of "integration of knowledge and practice" with the intrinsic relationship between the thought of "integration of knowledge and practice" and the high school honesty education, aiming at the effective development of high school honesty education, which reflects the original intention of high school credit education. Under the guidance of Marxism, this paper chooses "true knowledge" as its first choice, takes "true knowledge" as its first choice, and takes "true knowledge" as its value goal. As two aspects of the educational process, "knowledge and action" should carry out educational activities in an all-round way; in comparison with the original mind, the teacher's quality should be strictly controlled; the students should be guided to understand that the knowledge of honesty is what is done, and the course of honesty is knowledge; and the educational environment of conscience and good conduct should be constructed.
【学位授予单位】：贵州师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G631

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