川中地区高中生生物图表信息能力的现状研究
发布时间：2018-10-21 17:17
【摘要】：在生物教学中,图表作为第二语言有着不可或缺的作用。无论是各类生物课本、测试卷还是高考试题中图表都占有较大比重。信息能力作为信息素养的核心,主要包含提取有效信息的能力、加工相关信息的能力、运用有利信息的能力、转化多种信息形式的能力。生物图表信息能力可称为高中生必备的重要能力之一。对高中生展开生物图表信息能力的实证研究,有利于提升学生信息能力,达成课标和考试大纲对学生的要求,达到素质教育的目的,并为实现终身学习提供可能。本研究主要采用问卷调查法与访谈法对四川省中部地区六所高中学校生物图表教学的现状、高中生生物图表信息能力的现状以及学生在学习图表知识和解答图表类题目时所遇到的主要困难进行了调查,结果如下:(1)学生对生物图表的教学现状反映较好。具体表现为:62.8%的同学反映其老师经常使用图表教学;95.3%的同学对老师图表教学的过程表示满意或基本满意;75.0%的同学认同老师讲解较难知识时应多用图表。(2)学生生物图表信息能力有待提升。学生图表信息能力自我评价结果显示其能力处于中等稍偏上的水平。利用改编的光合作用、呼吸作用试题对学生图表信息能力进行测试,结果显示:学生平均分M=8.54(总分16);男生图表信息能力极显著强于女生(p0.01);高三学生图表信息能力极显著强于高一学生(p0.01);重点中学的学生图表信息能力极显著强于普通中学学生(p0.01);学生处理不同类型图表题的能力不同,处理表格题的能力最强,其次是处理曲线题与柱状图题,处理文字装置图类题目的能力最弱。(3)大多数学生清楚图表类题目正确的解题步骤,但由于基础知识的欠缺、不能看懂图表,以及实际操作的机会少等原因,导致答题时得分不理想。最后,从详解读图方法、引导析图过程、构建思维导图、强化图表训练四个方面提出了提升学生图表信息能力的策略,并设计一教学案例,旨在为一线教师教学提供参考。
[Abstract]:Chart plays an indispensable role as a second language in biology teaching. No matter all kinds of biology textbooks, test papers or college entrance examination questions in the chart account for a large proportion. As the core of information literacy, information ability mainly includes the ability to extract effective information, the ability to process relevant information, the ability to use favorable information, and the ability to transform various forms of information. The ability of biographic information can be regarded as one of the most important abilities of high school students. An empirical study on the information ability of high school students in biological charts is helpful to improve students' information ability, to meet the requirements of curriculum and examination syllabus, to achieve the goal of quality education, and to provide the possibility for lifelong learning. The present situation of biology chart teaching in six senior high schools in central Sichuan Province was studied by questionnaire survey and interview. The present situation of senior high school students' information ability of biological charts and the main difficulties encountered by students in learning chart knowledge and solving chart problems are investigated. The results are as follows: (1) students have a better reflection of the teaching situation of biological charts. 62.8% of the students reported that their teachers often used chart teaching, 95.3% of the students were satisfied or basically satisfied with the process of chart teaching, and 75.0% of the students agreed that teachers should use charts more when explaining difficult knowledge. (2) students' biology should be used more. Chart information ability needs to be improved. The results of self-evaluation of students' ability to chart information show that their abilities are slightly above the average level. Using the adapted photosynthesis and respiration test questions to test the students' chart information ability, The results showed that the average score of students was 8.54 (total score 16); the ability of chart information of boys was significantly stronger than that of girls (p0.01); the ability of chart information of senior three students was significantly stronger than that of students of grade one (p0.01); and the ability of chart information of students in key middle schools was significantly stronger than that of ordinary students. Middle school students (p0.01); students have different abilities in dealing with different types of chart problems, The ability to deal with table problems is the strongest, followed by curve problems and histogram problems. (3) most of the students know the correct solution steps of chart problems, but because of the lack of basic knowledge, Can not understand the chart, as well as the actual operation of the opportunity and other reasons, resulting in the answer problem score is not ideal. Finally, this paper puts forward the strategies to improve the students' information ability of charts from four aspects: explaining the method of reading pictures in detail, guiding the process of map analysis, constructing the map of thinking and strengthening the training of charts, and designing a teaching case, in order to provide reference for first-line teachers' teaching.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.91
本文编号：2285808
[Abstract]:Chart plays an indispensable role as a second language in biology teaching. No matter all kinds of biology textbooks, test papers or college entrance examination questions in the chart account for a large proportion. As the core of information literacy, information ability mainly includes the ability to extract effective information, the ability to process relevant information, the ability to use favorable information, and the ability to transform various forms of information. The ability of biographic information can be regarded as one of the most important abilities of high school students. An empirical study on the information ability of high school students in biological charts is helpful to improve students' information ability, to meet the requirements of curriculum and examination syllabus, to achieve the goal of quality education, and to provide the possibility for lifelong learning. The present situation of biology chart teaching in six senior high schools in central Sichuan Province was studied by questionnaire survey and interview. The present situation of senior high school students' information ability of biological charts and the main difficulties encountered by students in learning chart knowledge and solving chart problems are investigated. The results are as follows: (1) students have a better reflection of the teaching situation of biological charts. 62.8% of the students reported that their teachers often used chart teaching, 95.3% of the students were satisfied or basically satisfied with the process of chart teaching, and 75.0% of the students agreed that teachers should use charts more when explaining difficult knowledge. (2) students' biology should be used more. Chart information ability needs to be improved. The results of self-evaluation of students' ability to chart information show that their abilities are slightly above the average level. Using the adapted photosynthesis and respiration test questions to test the students' chart information ability, The results showed that the average score of students was 8.54 (total score 16); the ability of chart information of boys was significantly stronger than that of girls (p0.01); the ability of chart information of senior three students was significantly stronger than that of students of grade one (p0.01); and the ability of chart information of students in key middle schools was significantly stronger than that of ordinary students. Middle school students (p0.01); students have different abilities in dealing with different types of chart problems, The ability to deal with table problems is the strongest, followed by curve problems and histogram problems. (3) most of the students know the correct solution steps of chart problems, but because of the lack of basic knowledge, Can not understand the chart, as well as the actual operation of the opportunity and other reasons, resulting in the answer problem score is not ideal. Finally, this paper puts forward the strategies to improve the students' information ability of charts from four aspects: explaining the method of reading pictures in detail, guiding the process of map analysis, constructing the map of thinking and strengthening the training of charts, and designing a teaching case, in order to provide reference for first-line teachers' teaching.
【学位授予单位】：西华师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.91
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