指令型和启发型教学方式对初中生网球初学者教学效果的影响比较

发布时间：2018-12-11 04:11

【摘要】：作者主要采用教学实验法,比较了两种经典的网球教学方式——指令型教学方式、启发型教学方式在初中生网球初学者中的不同教学效果。作者从广州开发区国际网球学校和科学城中学随机抽取80名初中二年级学生,经过筛选得到最终用于实验的40名初中生网球初学者,将其分成两个教学组,两组在性别、年龄、身高、体重、4X10米折返跑成绩、俯卧撑成绩、网球成绩上均无显著差异。实验分别对两组进行指令型教学和启发型教学,并从网球教学成绩、网球兴趣培养和乐群性培养三个方面考察了两种教学方式的不同教学效果,结果如下:(1)启发型和指令型两种教学方式,学生网球技能的都得到了提高。(2)对于正手击球技能的学习,指令型教学方式在前期表现出了更高的效率,而启发型的优势则到后期逐渐体现出来。总体来说这一模式没有出现性别倾向。(3)对于反手击球的学习,指令型在前期与启发型具有相似的教学效果,而启发型的优势则到后期逐渐体现出来,最后超过指令型。女初中生中出现的模式与总体中发现的模式相同,但是对于男生而言这一模式则发生细微改变,前期指令性教学方式的效果要好于启发型。(4)对于上手发球的学习,在前期指令型和启发型教学效果差不多,而启发型的优势则到后期逐渐体现出来,最后超过指令型。总体中发现的这一模式在男、女初中生中同样存在。(5)在兴趣培养上,启发式教学方式要显著好于指令式,尤其在提高探索性、愉悦感、总体兴趣、新颖性维度上优势明显。在总体中发现的这种优势在女初中生中同样存在,在男初中生中则稍有减弱。(6)在乐群性上,不论是总体,还是男初中生或者女初中生群体中,启发式教学方式小组的得分都显著高于指令式教学方式小组。同时,在乐群性培养上,相比较男生而言,女生对这两种教学方式适应上产生的差异更大,即更容易在指令型教学方式下体验到更差的人际关系,也容易在启发型教学方式下体验到更好的人际关系。
[Abstract]:The author mainly adopts the teaching experiment method to compare the different teaching effects of two classical tennis teaching methods, the instruction teaching method and the heuristic teaching method in junior high school tennis beginners. The author randomly selected 80 junior middle school sophomores from Guangzhou Development Zone International Tennis School and Science City Middle School, and selected 40 junior high school students who were finally used in the experiment, and divided them into two teaching groups, two groups in gender and age. There were no significant differences in height, weight, 4X10 meter return race, push-ups and tennis scores. The experiment carries on instruction teaching and heuristic teaching to the two groups, and investigates the different teaching effects of the two teaching methods from three aspects: tennis teaching achievement, tennis interest cultivation and music group training. The results are as follows: (1) both heuristic and instructive teaching methods have improved the students' tennis skills. (2) for the forehand batting skills, the instruction teaching method has shown a higher efficiency in the early stage. The advantage of heuristic is gradually reflected in the later stage. Generally speaking, there is no gender tendency in this model. (3) for backhand batting learning, instruction type has similar teaching effect to heuristic type in the early stage, but the advantage of heuristic type gradually manifests in the later stage, and finally surpasses the command type. The pattern appeared in female junior high school students was the same as the pattern found in the whole, but for boys, the pattern changed slightly, and the effect of early instruction teaching was better than that of heuristic teaching. (4) for the learning of the first hand serve, the effect of instruction teaching was better than that of heuristic teaching. The effect of instruction and heuristic teaching is similar in the early stage, but the advantage of heuristic teaching is gradually reflected in the later stage, and finally surpasses the command type. In general, this pattern is also found in male and female junior high school students. (5) in interest cultivation, heuristic teaching is better than instruction, especially in improving exploratory, pleasant and overall interest. The advantage of novelty dimension is obvious. The advantages found in the whole are also found in the female junior high school students, but slightly weakened in the male junior high school students. (6) in the music group, whether in general, male junior high school students or female junior high school students, The score of heuristic teaching group was significantly higher than that of instruction teaching group. At the same time, in the cultivation of group music, compared with boys, girls have greater differences in adaptation to these two teaching methods, that is, they are more likely to experience worse interpersonal relationships in the instruction teaching mode. It is also easy to experience better interpersonal relationships in heuristic teaching.
【学位授予单位】：北京体育大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.96

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