初中小说有效教学策略研究
发布时间：2019-02-16 14:01
【摘要】：在初中语文教学中,小说教学具有非常重要的作用,学生对小说阅读也都很感兴趣,但对小说感兴趣并不意味着学生对小说课堂最感兴趣。本课题围绕目前小说教学存在的问题,从小说的特征、有效教学谈起,结合新课程标准,对初中小说有效教学进行了定义,对初中小说有效教学的评价标准进行了阐释,有效的初中小说教学应做到以下几点:初中小说教学目标确定有效、知识建构系统全面、教学情境营造有效、教学活动体现学生主体性、传达的思想意蕴学生能初步体会。通过初中小说有效教学的定义及评价标准,发现初中小说课堂存在着许多问题,如重视知识传授,轻视学段目标;重视课堂设计,忽视学生自主学习;重视答案的统一性,轻视多元化的思考;重视具体的分析,缺少对小说文体特色的品析,这些问题的存在反而让学生失去了初读小说时的强烈的兴趣,所以大多数的小说课堂是低效的。本文结合笔者多年的教学经验对初中小说有效教学策略进行了研究,本文从构建小说知识体系、课前备课、课堂教学、课后拓展四个方面进行了论述。要想初中小说教学更加有效,就要构建小说知识体系,如小说的叙事知识、三要素知识等。为了实现课前的有效备课,首先要把握不同学段学生的学情:七年级应重视阅读习惯的培养,八年级应重视知识结构的构建,九年级应重视鉴赏方法的掌握;其次要根据文本特点确定教学内容,要从以下角度来考虑:一要关注文本特征,重视学生感悟。二要关注编者意图,突出教材单元重点。在课前备课有效的基础上,课堂上实施有效的教学策略能更好地激发学生的学习兴趣,充分发挥学生的主体性。在课堂上的有效教学策略包括以下几方面:一是营造和谐民主的课堂气氛,调动学生积极性,精心设计导入,如联系旧知、角色装扮、同类相比、创设情境等方式,激发学生的积极性,实施激励评价,激发课堂活力。二是巧妙设计课堂问题,设计有挑战性、、思辨性、新颖性的问题,让课堂充满活力。三是培养学生审美意识,通过对美的教学情境的创造、对学生审美感知的调动、对学生审美想象的启发、对学生审美体验的诱发等方式来提高学生的审美能力。四是运用多样化的教学方式,如充分利用多媒体来设计封面,找准疑难点来进行突破;采用比较感悟、角色扮演、辩论赛等各种教学方式提高学生小说阅读能力等。另外课外学生的拓展阅读也非常重要,有效的拓展阅读既可以拓宽学生的视野,又可以巩固课堂教学的成果,我们可以由课内拓展到原著,也可以将同一主题、同一作家的作品进行对比阅读。
[Abstract]:In junior middle school Chinese teaching, novel teaching plays a very important role, and students are also interested in reading novels, but being interested in novels does not mean that students are most interested in novel classes. This topic revolves around the current novel teaching question, from the novel characteristic, the effective teaching, unifies the new curriculum standard, has carried on the definition to the junior high school novel effective teaching, has carried on the explanation to the junior high school novel effective teaching appraisal standard. The effective junior high school novel teaching should do the following: the junior high school novel teaching goal determination is effective, the knowledge construction system is comprehensive, the teaching situation construction is effective, the teaching activity manifests the student's main body, the conveyed thought implication student can realize preliminarily. Through the definition and evaluation criteria of effective teaching of novels in junior high school, it is found that there are many problems in the novel classroom of junior high school, such as attaching importance to the teaching of knowledge, despising the goal of learning paragraph, paying attention to classroom design and neglecting students' independent learning. Pay attention to the unity of the answer, despise the pluralistic thinking; Attention to specific analysis, the lack of literary style characteristics of the novel analysis, the existence of these problems caused the students to lose the strong interest in the first reading of the novel, so most of the novel classroom is inefficient. Combining with the author's teaching experience for many years, this paper studies the effective teaching strategy of novels in junior high school. This paper discusses four aspects: constructing novel knowledge system, preparing lessons before class, teaching in class and extending after class. In order to be more effective in the teaching of novels in junior high school, it is necessary to construct the knowledge system of novels, such as the narrative knowledge of novels, the knowledge of three elements, and so on. In order to prepare lessons effectively before class, first of all, we should grasp the learning situation of students with different learning stages: grade 7 should pay attention to the cultivation of reading habits, grade 8 should attach importance to the construction of knowledge structure, grade 9 should attach importance to the mastery of appreciation methods; Secondly, the teaching content should be determined according to the characteristics of the text, which should be considered from the following angles: first, pay attention to the characteristics of the text and pay attention to the students' perception. Second, we should pay attention to the editor's intention and highlight the focus of the textbook unit. On the basis of effective preparation of lessons before class, effective teaching strategies can better stimulate students' interest in learning and give full play to their subjectivity. The effective teaching strategies in the classroom include the following aspects: first, creating a harmonious and democratic classroom atmosphere, arousing the enthusiasm of students, carefully designing and introducing, such as connecting with old knowledge, dressing up roles, creating situations in the same kind of comparison, etc. Stimulate the enthusiasm of students, the implementation of incentive evaluation, stimulate the vitality of the classroom. Second, skillfully design classroom problems, design challenging, speculative, novelty issues, so that the classroom is full of vitality. Third, cultivate students' aesthetic consciousness, improve students' aesthetic ability by creating the teaching situation of beauty, mobilizing students' aesthetic perception, enlightening students' aesthetic imagination and inducing students' aesthetic experience. The fourth is to use a variety of teaching methods, such as making full use of multimedia to design the cover, find out the difficult points to break through, and adopt various teaching methods such as comparative understanding, role playing, debate competition and other teaching methods to improve the students' reading ability of novels. In addition, it is also very important for extracurricular students to expand their reading. Effective expansion of reading can not only broaden students' horizons, but also consolidate the achievements of classroom teaching. We can expand from class to the original, or we can also expand the same subject. Compare the works of the same writer.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
本文编号：2424518
[Abstract]:In junior middle school Chinese teaching, novel teaching plays a very important role, and students are also interested in reading novels, but being interested in novels does not mean that students are most interested in novel classes. This topic revolves around the current novel teaching question, from the novel characteristic, the effective teaching, unifies the new curriculum standard, has carried on the definition to the junior high school novel effective teaching, has carried on the explanation to the junior high school novel effective teaching appraisal standard. The effective junior high school novel teaching should do the following: the junior high school novel teaching goal determination is effective, the knowledge construction system is comprehensive, the teaching situation construction is effective, the teaching activity manifests the student's main body, the conveyed thought implication student can realize preliminarily. Through the definition and evaluation criteria of effective teaching of novels in junior high school, it is found that there are many problems in the novel classroom of junior high school, such as attaching importance to the teaching of knowledge, despising the goal of learning paragraph, paying attention to classroom design and neglecting students' independent learning. Pay attention to the unity of the answer, despise the pluralistic thinking; Attention to specific analysis, the lack of literary style characteristics of the novel analysis, the existence of these problems caused the students to lose the strong interest in the first reading of the novel, so most of the novel classroom is inefficient. Combining with the author's teaching experience for many years, this paper studies the effective teaching strategy of novels in junior high school. This paper discusses four aspects: constructing novel knowledge system, preparing lessons before class, teaching in class and extending after class. In order to be more effective in the teaching of novels in junior high school, it is necessary to construct the knowledge system of novels, such as the narrative knowledge of novels, the knowledge of three elements, and so on. In order to prepare lessons effectively before class, first of all, we should grasp the learning situation of students with different learning stages: grade 7 should pay attention to the cultivation of reading habits, grade 8 should attach importance to the construction of knowledge structure, grade 9 should attach importance to the mastery of appreciation methods; Secondly, the teaching content should be determined according to the characteristics of the text, which should be considered from the following angles: first, pay attention to the characteristics of the text and pay attention to the students' perception. Second, we should pay attention to the editor's intention and highlight the focus of the textbook unit. On the basis of effective preparation of lessons before class, effective teaching strategies can better stimulate students' interest in learning and give full play to their subjectivity. The effective teaching strategies in the classroom include the following aspects: first, creating a harmonious and democratic classroom atmosphere, arousing the enthusiasm of students, carefully designing and introducing, such as connecting with old knowledge, dressing up roles, creating situations in the same kind of comparison, etc. Stimulate the enthusiasm of students, the implementation of incentive evaluation, stimulate the vitality of the classroom. Second, skillfully design classroom problems, design challenging, speculative, novelty issues, so that the classroom is full of vitality. Third, cultivate students' aesthetic consciousness, improve students' aesthetic ability by creating the teaching situation of beauty, mobilizing students' aesthetic perception, enlightening students' aesthetic imagination and inducing students' aesthetic experience. The fourth is to use a variety of teaching methods, such as making full use of multimedia to design the cover, find out the difficult points to break through, and adopt various teaching methods such as comparative understanding, role playing, debate competition and other teaching methods to improve the students' reading ability of novels. In addition, it is also very important for extracurricular students to expand their reading. Effective expansion of reading can not only broaden students' horizons, but also consolidate the achievements of classroom teaching. We can expand from class to the original, or we can also expand the same subject. Compare the works of the same writer.
【学位授予单位】：山东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.3
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