吕思勉《复兴高级中学教科书本国史》研究
发布时间：2019-05-03 19:53
【摘要】：教科书作为知识的载体,是教学的重要传播中介,对教育事业的发展具有重要的意义。吕思勉通过整理授课讲义编写了《复兴高级中学教科书本国史》一书,里面包含的治史思想以及教育方法虽然过去了多年但仍值得我们今天研究和学习。全论文共分为四个部分:第一部分介绍了教科书的编写背景,从《壬戌学制》的制定到1932年课程标准的颁布、《新学制高级中学教科书本国史》编写的不足、吕思勉对历史认识的不断发展、印书馆和出版行业的兴起等方面分析了其对吕思勉编写《复兴高级中学教科书本国史》产生的重要的影响。第二部分介绍了教科书编写的指导思想,包括课程标准、时代要求和中学教育要求。课程标准制定的学习目标、时间支配、教材大纲、实施方法概要为教科书的编写指引了方向;时代要求主要从当时的史学风气以及梁启超新史学的影响两方面来分析;中学教育要求一方面要符合学生的身心发展规律,另一方面要面对课程考核的标准来编写教科书。第三部分对教科书进行了结构和内容上的分析。在结构上,不仅分析了其课文系统,还分析了其课文辅助系统。大、小字相结合,注释功能齐全是其结构系统的主要特点。其内容上一方面极富时代特征,充满爱国热情;编辑思想上具有明显的民族特征,史实叙述下限很近,时代感很强。另一方面非常重视历史与地理的密切关系,提出地理对历史学习的重要作用。第四部分对教科书进行了客观的评价,认识到其教科书对今天仍有重要的价值。吕思勉重视对史料的使用,在叙述上详略得当,并且对历史的叙述只叙事实不参议论;在教学方法上主张采用倒叙的讲法,先讲距离现在比较近的近、现代史,以引起学生的兴趣去学习古代史,再进而将古代史与近现代史进行比较学习,达到事半功倍的效果。然而与同时代的其他教科书相比,在结构上仍有些许不足。但瑕不掩瑜,吕思勉编写的本国史仍然是一部非常优秀的历史教科书,同时也是一部优秀的中国的通史著作。
[Abstract]:As the carrier of knowledge, textbook is an important medium of teaching, and it is of great significance to the development of education. Lu Simian compiled the History of Revival High School textbook by collating the lecture handout, which contains the thought of history management and educational methods, which are still worthy of our study and study today. The whole thesis is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the compiling background of the textbook, from the establishment of the school system of Nonxu to the promulgation of the curriculum standard in 1932, and the insufficiency of the compilation of the textbook National History of the New academic system in Senior Middle School. The continuous development of Lu Simian's understanding of history, the rise of the printing house and publishing industry, and so on, have analyzed its important influence on Lu Simian's compilation of reviving the National History of textbooks in Senior Middle Schools. The second part introduces the guiding ideology of textbook compiling, including curriculum standard, time requirement and middle school education requirement. The target of study, the control of time, the outline of teaching material and the summary of implementation methods guide the compilation of textbooks, and the requirements of the times are mainly analyzed from two aspects: the prevailing atmosphere of historiography at that time and the influence of Liang Qichao's new historiography. On the one hand, middle school education needs to conform to the law of students' physical and mental development, on the other hand, it should face the standard of curriculum assessment to compile textbooks. The third part analyzes the structure and content of the textbook. In structure, it not only analyzes its text system, but also analyzes its text assistant system. The combination of large and small characters and complete annotation function are the main characteristics of its structure system. On the one hand, its content is very rich in the characteristics of the times, full of patriotic enthusiasm; the editorial thought has obvious national characteristics, the lower limit of historical facts is very close, and the sense of the times is very strong. On the other hand, we attach great importance to the close relationship between history and geography, and put forward the important role of geography in the study of history. The fourth part carries on the objective appraisal to the textbook, realizes its textbook still has the important value to the present day. Lu Simian attached importance to the use of historical materials, in the narrative is slightly appropriate, and the history of the narrative only narrates the facts and does not participate in the discussion; In the teaching method, it is advocated to adopt the method of recount, first to talk about the near and modern history, to arouse the interest of the students to study the ancient history, and then to compare the ancient history with the modern history, so as to achieve the result of twice the result with half the effort. However, compared with other contemporary textbooks, there are still some structural deficiencies. But the history of his country, written by Lu Simian, is still a very good history textbook and an excellent book of general history of China.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.51
本文编号：2469224
[Abstract]:As the carrier of knowledge, textbook is an important medium of teaching, and it is of great significance to the development of education. Lu Simian compiled the History of Revival High School textbook by collating the lecture handout, which contains the thought of history management and educational methods, which are still worthy of our study and study today. The whole thesis is divided into four parts: the first part introduces the compiling background of the textbook, from the establishment of the school system of Nonxu to the promulgation of the curriculum standard in 1932, and the insufficiency of the compilation of the textbook National History of the New academic system in Senior Middle School. The continuous development of Lu Simian's understanding of history, the rise of the printing house and publishing industry, and so on, have analyzed its important influence on Lu Simian's compilation of reviving the National History of textbooks in Senior Middle Schools. The second part introduces the guiding ideology of textbook compiling, including curriculum standard, time requirement and middle school education requirement. The target of study, the control of time, the outline of teaching material and the summary of implementation methods guide the compilation of textbooks, and the requirements of the times are mainly analyzed from two aspects: the prevailing atmosphere of historiography at that time and the influence of Liang Qichao's new historiography. On the one hand, middle school education needs to conform to the law of students' physical and mental development, on the other hand, it should face the standard of curriculum assessment to compile textbooks. The third part analyzes the structure and content of the textbook. In structure, it not only analyzes its text system, but also analyzes its text assistant system. The combination of large and small characters and complete annotation function are the main characteristics of its structure system. On the one hand, its content is very rich in the characteristics of the times, full of patriotic enthusiasm; the editorial thought has obvious national characteristics, the lower limit of historical facts is very close, and the sense of the times is very strong. On the other hand, we attach great importance to the close relationship between history and geography, and put forward the important role of geography in the study of history. The fourth part carries on the objective appraisal to the textbook, realizes its textbook still has the important value to the present day. Lu Simian attached importance to the use of historical materials, in the narrative is slightly appropriate, and the history of the narrative only narrates the facts and does not participate in the discussion; In the teaching method, it is advocated to adopt the method of recount, first to talk about the near and modern history, to arouse the interest of the students to study the ancient history, and then to compare the ancient history with the modern history, so as to achieve the result of twice the result with half the effort. However, compared with other contemporary textbooks, there are still some structural deficiencies. But the history of his country, written by Lu Simian, is still a very good history textbook and an excellent book of general history of China.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G633.51
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