新型城镇化下农村中学教育价值取向研究

发布时间：2019-06-20 02:08

【摘要】：新型城镇化是我国在自身城镇化过程中遇到的困境及经验的基础上提出的,旨在实现具有中国特色的城镇化道路,着眼于全面提高城镇化质量,保证城镇化进程的合理性和科学性。这种城镇化模式的提出与实施,必然会对其他社会系统提出相应的要求,而教育无疑是在此过程中发挥重要作用的一环。无论是促进农村人口的转移或者是促进人的城镇化,都需要教育特别是农村教育发挥重要作用。在这种形势下,农村中学作为农村教育的主体结构,又应该以一种什么样的价值取向来发展,才能应对当前社会背景的巨大变化,这必然需要教育研究者做出理论上的应答。通过相关文献的梳理,在农村中学的教育价值取向上,无论是城市主义、农村主义或者个人主义倾向者,他们站在各自的立场和角度,论述了对农村教育发展的思考。其本质是期望通过某个角度来促进农村教育的发展,虽然有其合理的一面,但是缺少一种大局观和主体观。他们既没有关注当下整个国家社会发展的需要,也没有关注时代背景下农村教育主体的需要,只是从某一个角度来分析问题,其结果必然是极端的、片面的。农村中学教育不可能只为城市或者农村的发展,也不可能不顾社会的需要去追求个人的发展,从现实上来说,这种一个角度或者一种主体的价值取向并不能为农村中学的发展指明方向,反而让其陷入迷茫。所以,新型城镇化下的农村中学教育的价值取向必然需要重新思考,其目的是顺应时代步伐,促进农村教育发展,更好地实现农村人口城镇化以及农村社会的发展与进步。本研究在分析新型城镇化的背景、内涵与意义的基础上,基于农村中学教育主体的价值需要,力图探讨新型城镇化下的农村中学教育的应然价值取向。我们的农村中学已经不能再去争论到底是为了城市或者乡村的发展,不能陷入一种“内卷式”的争论。我们的眼光必然要回归到如何促进农村人口素质提高,保障农村学生选择生活的权利,实现城乡发展的一体化格局。诚然,这不是只靠教育就能解决的问题,但是这是教育必须面对的问题,也是教育可以发挥作用的问题。我们的学校教育、政府评价、家长以及学生的受教育观念都需要进行重新思考、设计,以适应新型城镇化的需要。具体而言,我们的农村中学教育价值取向理应从以下几个方面进行重构:农村中学的教育目标、课程、教学、评价几个方面重新进行思考和设计,以满足新背景下不同主体的教育需求;政府需要探索新的农村中学教育模式,转变态度,支持农村中学教育价值取向的重构;对于农村学生家长而言,他们也需要转变态度,立足学生发展的需要和现实,重新确立评判受教育成效之标准;农村学生也需要在新的农村中学教育价值取向下,形成对农村教育以及自我发展的认同。
[Abstract]:The new urbanization is put forward on the basis of the difficulties and experiences encountered in the process of urbanization in our country, aiming at realizing the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, focusing on improving the quality of urbanization in an all-round way and ensuring the rationality and scientific nature of the process of urbanization. The introduction and implementation of this urbanization model is bound to put forward corresponding requirements for other social systems, and education is undoubtedly an important part of this process. Whether it is to promote the transfer of rural population or promote the urbanization of human beings, education, especially rural education, needs to play an important role. In this situation, as the main structure of rural education, rural middle schools should be developed with what kind of value orientation in order to cope with the great changes in the current social background, which must be answered theoretically by educational researchers. Through the combing of the relevant literature, in the educational value orientation of rural middle schools, whether urbanism, rural doctrine or individualism, they stand in their own positions and angles, and discuss the thinking on the development of rural education. Its essence is to hope to promote the development of rural education from a certain angle. Although it has its reasonable side, it lacks a kind of overall vision and subjective view. They did not pay attention to the needs of the social development of the whole country at present, nor did they pay attention to the needs of the main body of rural education under the background of the times. They only analyzed the problems from a certain angle, and the results must be extreme and one-sided. Rural middle school education can not only be for the development of cities or rural areas, nor can it pursue personal development regardless of the needs of society. In reality, this angle or the value orientation of a subject can not point out the direction for the development of rural middle schools, but makes it fall into confusion. Therefore, the value orientation of rural middle school education under the new urbanization must be reconsidered, its purpose is to conform to the pace of the times, promote the development of rural education, and better realize the urbanization of rural population and the development and progress of rural society. Based on the analysis of the background, connotation and significance of the new urbanization, and based on the value needs of the main body of rural middle school education, this study tries to explore the natural value orientation of rural middle school education under the new urbanization. Our rural middle school can no longer argue about whether it is for the development of the city or the countryside, and can no longer fall into a kind of "involute" argument. Our vision must return to how to promote the quality of the rural population, ensure the right of rural students to choose their lives, and realize the integrated pattern of urban and rural development. To be sure, this is not a problem that can be solved by education alone, but it is also a problem that education must face and can play a role in. Our school education, government evaluation, parents and students' educational concepts need to be rethought and designed to meet the needs of new urbanization. Specifically, the value orientation of rural middle school education should be reconstructed from the following aspects: the educational goal, curriculum, teaching and evaluation of rural middle school should be rethought and designed to meet the educational needs of different subjects under the new background, the government needs to explore a new rural middle school education model, change attitude, support the reconstruction of rural middle school education value orientation, and rethink and design it from the following aspects: the educational goal, curriculum, teaching and evaluation of rural middle school should be rethought and designed to meet the educational needs of different subjects under the new background. For the parents of rural students, they also need to change their attitudes, based on the needs and reality of students' development, and re-establish the criteria for judging the effectiveness of education, and rural students also need to form an identity to rural education and self-development under the new value orientation of rural middle school education.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：G639.2

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