在京务工农民就业现状研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 18:18

本文关键词： 进城务工农民就业权益保障　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2006年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,越来越多的农民进京务工,他们为北京的经济建设做出了巨大的贡献。但是由于城乡分割“二元社会”的制度、文化以及农民自身方面等的原因,他们地位比较低,不能与市民一样平等就业,子女也很难在城市接收正规的教育,不能完全享受城市的现代文明,难以完全融入城市。虽然他们对北京的经济发展做出了巨大的贡献,但相比之下他们的社会地位显得极不相称。虽然北京市陆续出台了一系列保护外来务工农民的政策,但是现实状况仍然令人担忧。这严重影响了社会的稳定和公平,破坏了社会的和谐与可持续发展。本文采用规范分析和实证分析相结合的研究方法,通过详实的调研数据和官方数据说明在京务工的外地农民在就业方面存在的问题,然后通过规范分析,指出这些问题存在的原因,并提出尝试性的政策建议。本论文的结论归纳起来包括如下几点: 第一,通过对北京务工农民就业现状的数据描述,表明这个群体的总体规模仍然呈增长态势,但增长速度逐渐放缓;在京务工农民就业结构存在一定问题,比如性别失调、教育水平普遍较低、就业行业局限;在京务工农民工资收入水平较低,拖欠问题依然存在;在京务工农民社会保障正在完善,但目前保障能力还很低等等。第二,这些问题如果得不到很好的解决,将会导致进城农民社会地位低下:加大他们进城就业的难度,从而引发城市相关行业的劳动力供给不足:使得外来务工农民逆反心理和对立情绪加剧,引发城乡矛盾;阻碍农村剩余劳动力的转移,延缓城市化进程,影响社会的稳定和和谐北京的建设。第三,造成这些问题的原因是多方面的,比如社会文化层次原因、管理方法及体制方面的原因、务工农民的自身原因分析等。虽然北京已经陆续出台保护进城农民务工的一系列政策,但是制度因素对农民进城就业的障碍性作用依然显著。第四,通过分析,笔者认为不仅要从政策、法律法规上保障农民进城务工的权益,还要注重各项规定的执行监督。要从政府、企业、社会团体、市民、进城务工农民等多方面改善在京务工农民的境遇。
[Abstract]:In recent years, more and more farmers have come to work in Beijing. They have made great contributions to the economic construction of Beijing. However, due to the system of urban-rural division of "dual society", culture and farmers themselves, their status is relatively low. Without equal employment with the citizens, it is very difficult for children to receive formal education in the city, to fully enjoy the modern civilization of the city and to fully integrate into the city. Although they have made great contributions to the economic development of Beijing, But their social status is far from commensurate. Although Beijing has introduced a series of policies to protect migrant workers and farmers, the reality is still worrying. This has seriously affected social stability and fairness. It destroys social harmony and sustainable development. This article adopts the research method of combining normative analysis and empirical analysis, through detailed investigation data and official data to explain the problems existing in the employment of migrant workers in Beijing, and then through normative analysis. The reasons for these problems are pointed out, and some tentative policy suggestions are put forward. The conclusions of this paper can be summarized as follows:. First, by describing the current employment situation of migrant workers in Beijing, it is shown that the overall scale of this group is still increasing, but the growth rate is gradually slowing down; there are certain problems in the employment structure of migrant workers in Beijing, such as gender imbalance. The education level is generally low, the employment industry is limited; the wage income level of the workers in Beijing is low, the problem of arrears still exists; the social security system of the workers in Beijing is improving, but the ability to guarantee is still very low. Second, if these problems are not well addressed, they will lead to the low social status of peasants in cities: making it more difficult for them to enter the city for employment. This leads to the shortage of labor supply in urban related industries: it makes migrant workers and peasants turn against psychology and antagonism, cause urban and rural contradictions, hinder the transfer of rural surplus labor force, delay the process of urbanization, Affect social stability and harmonious Beijing's construction. Third, the causes of these problems are various, such as the social and cultural levels, the management methods and the institutional aspects. Although Beijing has introduced a series of policies to protect migrant workers in succession, institutional factors still play a significant role in preventing peasants from entering the city for employment. 4th, through analysis, the author believes that not only should we protect the rights and interests of peasants entering the city in terms of policies, laws and regulations, but also pay attention to the enforcement and supervision of various regulations. From the government, enterprises, social organizations, citizens, Migrant workers and other aspects of farmers in Beijing to improve the situation of farmers.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2006
【分类号】：F249.2

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