平等就业权的原理与保障

发布时间：2018-04-15 12:44

本文选题：平等就业权 + 原理　；参考：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：平等就业权是就业者平等地获得和维持就业机会的权利,作为平等权和就业权的结合,平等就业权是一项具体人权,它追求在平等基础上的实质平等,其核心内涵是就业者有权平等享有就业的权利和资格、有权平等的参与就业机会的竞争,同时允许特定条件下的差别对待。解决就业问题、帮助就业者实现平等就业,是关涉国计民生的大事,不仅有利于权利的保护与彰显,也有利于人民生活水平提高、社会的和谐与稳定。在当前我国社会就业歧视泛滥、就业形势严峻的形势下,保障平等就业权尤显必要。然而当前平等就业权的保障,存在着理论研究不足、制度设计不完善的双重难题。纵观平等就业权的发展与保障实践,国际上尤其是西方一些发达国家在平等就业权的理论创设、制度运行等方面都已经取得了相对丰富的经验,值得我们借鉴。自上世纪90年代以来,我国通过一系列的立法,在平等就业问题上形成了初步的法律制度体系,但是还存在着立法不完善、行政不充分、救济不畅通等问题,使得当前就业歧视盛行,就业者的平等就业权受到严重侵害。因此,当前需要围绕平等就业权保障的现状与问题,从完善立法、加大执法、强化司法等多个方面展开工作,以推动平等就业权的法定化、制度化,实现对平等就业权的有效保障。本文内容分为四个部分：第一部分阐述平等就业权及其实现原理。首先,从平等权和就业权这两个基础概念开始谈起,界定平等就业权的概念和内涵,分析平等就业权的性质和效力。其次,阐述平等就业权的实现原理,包括平等就业权实现的一般特性、一般过程、制约条件、实现途径等。第二部分分析域外平等就业权保障的理论与实践。由于平等就业权的理论发轫于西方,且国内还没有形成系统的平等就业权理论,故以域外的理论来对平等就业权保障的原理进行阐述,并归纳总结域外的实践经验。在理论方面,主要分析平等权保障理论和反就业歧视理论这两大保障平等就业权的基本理论及其应用。在制度实践方面,则从保障平等就业的立法、反歧视专门机构、司法救济机制、行政执法和公众参与机制等五个方面进行总结性分析。第三部分讨论我国平等就业权的保护现状与问题。本部分从现行法律保护制度、就业歧视现状、与其它权利之间的冲突状况等三个方面分析当前我国平等就业权保护现状；从平等就业权的立法缺陷、行政保护不力、救济渠道不畅通等三个方面分析当前阻碍我国平等就业权实现的主要因素。第四部分探讨我国平等就业权保障的制度设计问题。本部分在借鉴国外平等就业权保障经验,正视我国平等就业权保障存在的问题的基础上,有针对性地提出完善平等就业权的宪法保护、建立统一完善的反就业歧视法律体系、加强行政保障机制建设、完善保障平等就业权的救济机制等四个方面的措施来提高我国平等就业权的保障水平。
[Abstract]:The right to equal employment is the employment equality to obtain and maintain employment rights, as a combination of equal right and employment right, equal employment right is a specific human rights, it is the pursuit of equality on the basis of equality, the core content of employment has the right to enjoy equal employment rights and qualifications, have the right to equality participate in the employment competition, while allowing the specific conditions of the different treatment. To solve the employment problem, to help employees achieve equal employment, which is beneficial to the people's livelihood event, not only to protect and highlight the rights, but also conducive to the improvement of people's living standards, social harmony and stability. In the current social employment discrimination in our country flood the employment situation is grim, the situation under the protection of the right to equal employment is particularly necessary.
However, the guarantee of equal right to employment, there is a lack of theoretical research, the dual problem of imperfect design system. The development and practice of the protection of equal employment rights throughout the world, especially the creation of some western developed countries in the theory of equal employment rights, the system of operation has achieved a relatively rich experience, worthy of our reference since the last century. Since 90s, our country through a series of legislation, in the equal employment form legal system preliminary, but there are still imperfect legislation, inadequate administrative problems, relief is not smooth, so that the current employment discrimination, employment of equal employment right is infringed seriously. Therefore, to the present situation and problems of the current on the equal right to employment security, strengthen law enforcement from the perfect legislation, many aspects of work, strengthen judicial equality, to promote the industry right legalization of system The effective guarantee of equal employment right is achieved by the degree of degree.
The content of this article is divided into four parts:
The first part introduces the principle and Realization of equal employment right. First of all, from the two basic concepts of equal rights and employment rights began to talk about the concept and connotation of equal employment rights, nature and effect analysis of equal employment rights. Secondly, the principle of equal employment rights, general characteristics, including realization of equal employment rights the general process of constraints, the way to achieve.
The second part analyzes the theory and practice of extraterritorial equal employment rights protection. The equal employment rights theory originated in the west, and there is not a systematic theory of equal employment rights, so the principle of extraterritorial theory to equal employment rights protection is expounded, and summarizes the extraterritorial experience. In theory, the main analysis of equal rights of employment rights security theory and anti employment discrimination theory the two guarantee equal basic theory and its application in the system. In practice, the equal employment protection legislation, anti discrimination specialized agencies, judicial relief mechanism, five aspects of administrative law enforcement and public participation mechanism were retrospectively analyzed.
The third part discusses the current situation and problems of the protection of equal employment rights in our country. This part from the existing legal protection system, the current situation of employment discrimination, and three aspects of other rights conflict between the status analysis of China's current equal employment rights protection status; the right to equal employment from the legislative defect, administrative protection, relief channel is not smooth analysis of the three aspects of the main factors that hinder the realization of equal employment rights in China.
The fourth part discusses the system design of China's equal right to employment security. This part in foreign equal employment rights protection experience, to equal employment right of our country's security problems, put forward to perfect the constitutional protection of the right to equal employment, establish a perfect legal system of anti discrimination, strengthen the construction of the administrative safeguard mechanism, four aspects of perfect relief mechanism to ensure equal employment rights and other measures to improve the level of protection of equal employment rights in our country.

【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：D922.5

【参考文献】