新媒体时代监狱犯罪死亡处置机制研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 21:30

本文选题：罪犯死亡 + 处置机制　；参考：《华中师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着《刑法修正案(九)》等系列刑事法律出台之后,新“三类犯”减刑假释保外就医从严政策和一律收监政策的实施,越来越多的老病残犯和长刑期犯进入监狱,就会发生越来越多的罪犯在狱内正常伤亡现象。但在实际过程中,由于犯属对监狱工作的不理解以及其不正当的利益诉求,导致个别犯属通过上访、上网、上告等方式,将正常的罪犯死亡亡事件扩大化,以期得到利益最大化。且上级及监狱领导为了维稳以及舆论压力,没有严格按照相关法律规定正常处置罪犯伤亡,存在花钱消灾的思想,导致犯属闹访事件逐渐升级,严重损害了政府机关的公信力。因此,完善罪犯狱内死亡处置机制是非常有必要的。在监狱罪犯的死亡事件处置过程中发现了很多情况需要值得注意,即在罪犯的死因、监狱是否存在执法过错和赔偿金额的问题,这也是罪犯死亡处置的难点。本文第三部分,详细论述了罪犯死亡处置现状的原因,当前我国的法律规定中和罪犯死亡的相关处理有关的仅仅是《监狱法》中的第五十五条款以及第七十三条。并且这两条法规偏于死板,有关于犯人死后的处理的步骤没有进行一个详细、明确的规定。因为监狱机构的相关工作实施的保密性,监狱与外界之间的联系较少,又因为监狱对于所进行的工作所做的宣传方面的努力程度不够,使得社会对于监狱有关工作的了解程度不高,大多的理解都是来自于影视以及网络媒体,因此使得社会对于监狱有关的工作理解片面、有偏差。因为对于监狱所做的行为理解上有偏差,很有可能会使得社会不能够理解以及大力支持监狱的相关工作,于是当出现罪犯死亡等相关的敏感的情况的时候,社会舆论向错误以及片面的方向进行,会增加大众对其认识上的误解、猜疑,这些情况的发生无形中增加了相关工作的困难。监狱在发生罪犯死亡事件后,往往习惯地把自己置身于一种不准确的地位,或高压应付,或消极回避,缺乏应对舆论的经验,排斥新闻媒体,拒绝采访报道,不能有效引导网络舆情,对于一些脱离事实的评论,没采取有效措施去积极引导,任由他人以讹传讹,不能及时有效地化解负面舆论,造成社会不满情绪加剧。罪犯在押期间,由监狱代表国家对其执行刑罚,此时罪犯就属于“国家人”,罪犯的死亡处理程序一定要按照指定的国家部门规定的处理模式为导向。要明确罪犯死亡处理的时间,明确监狱所在地的维稳部门的协助责任,重新界定罪犯死亡后尸体的法律关系,形成以《监狱法》为核心,相关法规为补充的专门规范监狱这一特殊机构的监狱法律体系,确保在监狱法律体系的建立上做好“三个衔接”:与宪法的衔接,与劳动法等非监狱法律体系的衔接,与国际人权公约相关内容的衔接。要通过完善罪犯死亡处置机制,建立检察院或法院的独立调查制度,引入司法裁判制度,切实保障罪犯及其亲属的合法权益。要完善罪犯死亡司法救济制度,设立罪犯赔偿基金或为罪犯办理保险,以减轻监狱的经济负担。通过制定新闻发言制度以及听证制度,向社会真实地道出事实真相,避免那些有不轨之心的恶徒损坏监狱的声誉,对罪犯死亡事件进行正确的舆论引导,不断提高监狱机关的公信力。
[Abstract]:With the introduction of a series of criminal laws, such as the amendment of the criminal law (nine), the implementation of the new "three types of criminals" on parole on parole on parole and the implementation of the policy of receiving prison supervision, more and more old and long criminal offenders are entering the prison, and more and more criminals will be killed and injured in prison. The incomprehension of prison work and its unjustified interest demands cause individual criminals to expand the death and death events of normal criminals to maximize their interests through petitions, surfing, and accusations in order to maximize their interests. And the superior and prison leaders have not strictly handled the offender's injuries in strict accordance with the relevant laws and regulations for the sake of stability and public opinion. Death, the existence of the idea of spending money to eliminate the disaster, resulting in the gradual escalation of the incident, which has seriously damaged the credibility of the government. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the mechanism of death disposal in the criminal prison. In the process of the prison criminal's death, many cases have been found to be worthy of attention, that is, the cause of the death of the criminal, the existence of prison. The problem of law enforcement fault and the amount of compensation is also the difficult point of the death disposal of criminals. In the third part of this article, the reasons for the present situation of the criminal death are discussed in detail. The relevant handling of the relevant treatment of the death of the criminal in our country is only the fifty-fifth clause and seventy-third articles in the prison law. And these two regulations On the slant, there is no detailed and clear regulation on the procedure after the death of the prisoner. Because of the secrecy of the relevant work of the prison institution, the prison and the outside world are less connected, and because of the lack of publicity in the prison for the work carried out in the prison, the society is responsible for the related workers in the prison. There is a lot of understanding from film and television and network media, which makes the society partial and biased in prison related work, because there is a deviation in the behavior of the prison, and it is likely that the society will not be able to understand and strongly support the related work of the prison. When the sensitive situation of criminal death is related, public opinion is wrong and in a one-sided direction, which will increase the public's misunderstanding and suspicion. The occurrence of these situations increases the difficulty of the related work. In the case of the death of the criminal, the prison often puts himself in an inaccurate place. Position, or high pressure, or passive avoidance, lack of experience in responding to public opinion, exclusion of news media, refusal to interview reports, and no effective guidance of network public opinion. For some commentaries divorced from facts, they do not take effective measures to guide them actively, let others erroneous and erroneous, and can not effectively resolve negative public opinion in time and cause social discontent to intensify. During the period of detention, the criminal is executed by the state of the prison on behalf of the state. At this time the criminal belongs to the "state person". The process of handling the criminal's death must be guided by the processing mode prescribed by the designated State Department. The time to deal with the death of the criminal should be clearly defined, the responsibility for the assistance of the stable Department of the prison is clearly defined, and the criminal is redefined. The legal relationship of the dead body after death forms the prison law system of the special prison, which is supplemented by the prison law and the relevant laws and regulations, and ensures the "three links" in the establishment of the prison law system: the connection with the constitution, the connection with the non prison law system such as labor law, and the relevant international human rights conventions. We should establish an independent investigation system of procuratorate or court by perfecting the mechanism of criminal death disposal, introduce judicial referee system, guarantee the legal rights and interests of criminals and their relatives, improve the system of criminal death judicial relief, set up a criminal compensation fund or handle insurance for offenders, so as to reduce the economic burden of the prison. The system of news speeches and the hearing system should be formulated, the truth is true to the society, the reputation of the prisons with dismissive hearts, the correct guidance of the public opinion on the death of the criminals, and the continuous improvement of the credibility of the prison authorities.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D926.7

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