兼职大学生劳动权益的法律保护研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 17:48

本文选题：兼职大学生 + 劳动者　；参考：《西南政法大学》2012年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着高校收费体制的改革，大学生不再由国家提供全部学费。对大多数家庭来说，培养一名大学生是一笔不小的开支。为了给家庭经济减负，在校大学生纷纷走出校门，走上兼职岗位。同时，大学生面临的就业形势日益严峻，而兼职可以获取实践经验、赢得竞争优势，这也成为大学生选择兼职的重要原因。但是，随着大学生兼职现象逐渐普遍化，兼职大学生的劳动权益屡遭侵犯，却得不到有效救济的情况开始广受关注，各种围绕兼职大学生展开的社会调查、访问、舆论报道让这一特殊群体的劳动权益保障问题成为社会议论的热点话题，保护兼职大学生劳动权益势在必行。本文围绕兼职大学生劳动权益的保护问题展开研究。全文除引言外共分为五个部分：第一部分通过介绍广州洋快餐店涉嫌违规用工案，揭示出用人单位在使用兼职大学生这一劳动力形式过程中主要存在的问题。第二部分介绍了兼职大学生劳动权益受损的基本现状。在这一部分中，本文首先对大学生“实习”、“勤工助学”、“打工”等概念进行了界定和说明，明确了本文使用的大学生“兼职”的涵义。然后介绍了兼职大学生劳动权益受损的主要情形，包括工资报酬权难以保障、劳动安全和自由权受侵害、无法享受社会保险和福利权以及对企业及中介机构的信赖利益受侵害。第三部分系统阐释了兼职大学生劳动权益保护面临的理论争议与制度障碍。论文首先针对大学生是否具有劳动者身份和大学生兼职形成何种法律关系两个理论争议问题进行分析。在对正反两方观点分别进行评析的基础上，笔者提出了自己的观点，即兼职大学生具有劳动者的身份，大学生兼职形成的具体法律关系包括三种情况：可以成立劳动关系，可能形成雇佣关系，有相当一部分属于非全日制用工。然后，论文从立法、执法、仲裁与司法三个层面分析了兼职大学生劳动权益保护存在的制度障碍。第四部分介绍了美国、德国、法国、日本、英国等国家保护兼职大学生劳动权益的概况，并总结出其中值得我国借鉴的地方。第五部分提出了完善兼职大学生劳动权益保护的法律途径，以期对我国保护兼职大学生劳动权益的制度完善有所启发。首先根据兼职大学生形成的不同法律关系，可以适用现有规定的，就依照现有规定执行；现有规定不足的应当完善相关制度，，包括确认兼职大学生的劳动者身份，赋予兼职大学生劳动者的权利，完善兼职大学生的社会保险制度、行为规范制度、社会服务制度和权利救济制度等制度。
[Abstract]:With the reform of the charge system in Colleges and universities, college students are no longer provided with all tuition fees by the state. For most families, cultivating a college student is not a small expense. In order to reduce the family economy, college students go out of school and take part-time jobs. At the same time, the employment situation of college students is increasingly severe, and part-time jobs can be obtained. Taking practical experience and winning competitive advantage, it has also become an important reason for college students to choose part-time jobs. However, with the gradual popularization of part-time students' Part-time phenomenon, the labor rights and interests of part-time college students have been repeatedly infringed, but the situation of effective relief has begun to be widely concerned. The protection of labor rights and interests of this special group has become a hot topic of social discussion. It is imperative to protect the rights and interests of part-time college students.
This article focuses on the protection of part-time college students' labor rights and interests. Besides the introduction, the article is divided into five parts.
The first part, through the introduction of the suspected cases of illegal employment in the Guangzhou ocean fast food store, reveals the main problems in the process of using the part-time college students as a labor form.
The second part introduces the basic status of the labor rights and interests of part-time college students. In this part, this article first defines and explains the concepts of "Internship", "work study" and "working", clarifies the meaning of "part-time" of the college students in this article, and then introduces the damage of the labor rights and interests of part-time college students. The main situation, including the difficult to guarantee the right to wage remuneration, the infringement of the labor safety and freedom rights, the failure to enjoy social insurance and welfare rights, and the infringement of the trust interests of enterprises and intermediaries.
The third part systematically explains the theoretical and institutional obstacles facing the protection of labor rights and interests of part-time college students. Firstly, this paper analyzes two theoretical disputes about whether the college students have the status of workers and the legal relationship of College Students' part-time jobs. On the basis of the analysis of the positive and negative two sides, the author puts forward the author. The point of view is that the part-time college students have the identity of the workers, and the concrete legal relations of the part-time college students include three kinds of situations: the labor relations can be established, the employment relationship may be formed, and a considerable part of the part-time employment can be formed. Then, the thesis analyzes the part-time college students from the three levels of legislation, law enforcement, arbitration and judicature. Institutional barriers to the protection of labor rights and interests.
The fourth part introduces the general situation of protecting the labor rights and interests of part-time college students in the United States, Germany, France, Japan and the United Kingdom, and summarizes the places that deserve our reference.
The fifth part puts forward the legal way to improve the protection of the labor rights and interests of part-time college students, in order to enlighten the system of protecting the labor rights and interests of part-time college students in our country. First, according to the different legal relations formed by the part-time college students, the existing regulations can be applied, and the existing regulations should be implemented; the existing regulations should be perfected. The relevant systems include identifying the working status of part-time college students, giving part-time college students' rights, perfecting the social insurance system for part-time college students, the system of behavior norms, social service system and rights relief system.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：D922.5

【参考文献】