社会正义视域下的农民工问题

发布时间：2018-11-01 18:21

【摘要】：农民工是中国改革开放的见证者和实践者，也是我国经济社会转型中的特殊群体。由于中国现代化进程与其独特的工业化路径相联系，中国城市化在长期滞后于工业化的态势下发展，受其影响而产生的一个重要结果是农民工群体的涌现及与其相关的种种社会问题的出现。农民工未能获得与城镇职工同等的待遇，农民工在就业、子女教育、工作环境、社会保障等方面与城市居民存在很大差异，作为社会成员没有实现“体面劳动”，，没有享受到平等待遇，这是理论和现实不可回避的问题。农民工群体背后隐含的社会公平问题关系到社会稳定以及和谐社会的建设，关系到中国全面建设小康社会的进程。社会各界必须关注农民工权益的维护和社会保障的实现。从社会正义的角度来研究中国农民工问题，我们应该从制度建设着手，建立和完善相关政策制度和服务体系，确保制度正义，这是解决中国农民工问题，实现社会正义的基本思路。本论文通过收集、分析、借鉴了有关学者的相关文献资料，以及国际国内的《宪法》、《劳动法》、《社会保障法》、《教育法》等相关法律知识，界定了论文中的相关概念，为论文的写作奠定了坚实的理论基础。本论文写作共分为三部分。第一部分，从社会发展与社会正义着手，界定了社会正义的概念，从三个方面分析了社会发展观的演变历程，以及社会发展与社会正义的关系，最终，引出了中国的社会发展与农民工问题。第二部分，从中国的实际出发，详细分析了农民工的现实困境和权利问题，阐述了目前农民工与城市市民相比，在就业权利、子女受教育权利、社会保障权利等方面存在“二元待遇”。经过分析论证最终得出长期以来的体制性障碍是导致农民工问题出现的根本原因。第三部分，通过党的十八大报告中提出的“加紧建设对保障社会公平正义具有重大作用的制度，逐步建立以权利公平、机会公平、规则公平为主要内容的社会公平保障体系。”说明正义要依靠制度来保障。分析了制度对权利公平、机会公平、规则的公平的保障作用，从加强制度建设和制度正义的角度提出了解决农民工问题的根本途径。
[Abstract]:Migrant workers are the witnesses and practitioners of China's reform and opening up, as well as a special group in China's economic and social transformation. Due to the connection between China's modernization process and its unique industrialization path, China's urbanization has lagged behind industrialization for a long time. An important result of its influence is the emergence of migrant workers and the emergence of various social problems related to them. Migrant workers do not get the same treatment as urban workers. Migrant workers have great differences from urban residents in employment, children's education, working environment, social security and so on. As members of the society, they have not realized "decent work". Do not enjoy equal treatment, this is the theory and reality can not avoid the problem. The problem of social equity behind the peasant workers group is related to the social stability and the construction of a harmonious society, and to the process of building a well-off society in an all-round way in China. All walks of life must pay attention to the protection of the rights and interests of migrant workers and the realization of social security. To study the problem of migrant workers in China from the perspective of social justice, we should start with the construction of institutions, establish and improve relevant policy systems and service systems, and ensure institutional justice. This is to solve the problem of migrant workers in China. The basic idea of realizing social justice. Through collecting and analyzing, this paper draws lessons from the relevant literature of scholars, as well as the relevant legal knowledge such as Constitution, Labor Law, Social Security Law, Education Law and so on, and defines the relevant concepts in the paper, such as the Constitution, the Labor Law, the Social Security Law, the Education Law, and so on. It lays a solid theoretical foundation for the writing of the thesis. This thesis is divided into three parts. The first part, starting with social development and social justice, defines the concept of social justice, analyzes the evolution of social development from three aspects, and the relationship between social development and social justice. Lead to China's social development and migrant workers. The second part, proceeding from the reality of China, analyzes in detail the realistic predicament and rights of migrant workers, and expounds the employment rights and children's right to education of migrant workers compared with urban citizens. There is dualistic treatment in social security right and so on. Through analysis and argumentation, it is concluded that the long-term institutional obstacle is the root cause of the problem of migrant workers. The third part, through the report of the 18th National Congress of the Party, "stepping up the construction of a system that plays an important role in safeguarding social fairness and justice, and gradually establishing a social equity security system with the main content of rights and equity, opportunity fairness, and rule fairness." It shows that justice depends on the system. This paper analyzes the guarantee function of institution to the fairness of rights, opportunities and rules, and puts forward the basic way to solve the problem of migrant workers from the angle of strengthening the system construction and system justice.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D412.6

【参考文献】